Effect of Zusanli (ST 36) moxibustion on rat mesenteric microvascular system

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of moxibustion on Zusanli (ST 36) on visceral-mesenteric vessels by observing circulation.MethodsForty-five SD rats were randomly assigned to a moxibustion, electroacupuncture (EA), and blank group. In the moxibustion group, heat stimulation of moxibustion to the Zusanli (ST 36) area of normal rats was performed for 15 min. In the EA group, needles were inserted into the Zusanli (ST 36) and lateral point [0.5 cm lateral from Zusanli (ST 36)] for 15 min. The blank group was not given any treatment. We continuously monitored mesenteric microvascular changes with in vivo microscopic video.ResultsMoxibustion and EA to Zusanli (ST 36) increase the diameter of mesenteric arterioles and venules (P<0.05). There were no obvious changes in the blank group. Fine arterial diameter peaked at 12 min in the moxibustion group, while it peaked at 15 min in the EA group.ConclusionsThe stimulation of moxibustion and acupuncture to Zusanli (ST 36) has immediate effects on expanding the microvasculature. This dilation may be the mechanism of the gastrointestinal effect of Zusanli (ST 36).     

Effect of electroacupuncture at Ximen (PC 4) and Hegu (LI 4) on expression of Akt in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective

To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoints on the pericardium meridian on the expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) protein in rat myocardium after ischemia and reperfusion.

"若要安,三里常不干"考辨

从文献学和医理辨析"若要安,三里常不干"出处及其临床意义,探知"若要安"诸语出南宋初年《琐碎录》。足三里艾灸原为防治"风疾"而设,以宣通脏腑气血为宜,非特指三里灸为化脓灸之意。将此句释为反复"灸疮",是对《备急千金要方》"失气阳厥"诸症才用逾百壮灸和《针灸资生经》"报灸"法的误解。三里穴保健可选指压、搓摩、深汤足浴等法;从安全性考量,寒象明显者宜以悬空、隔物等温和灸调理。     

针刺足三里穴对胃黏膜保护及损伤因子影响与脑功能变化的相关性

目的 联合分析电针刺激足三里穴后外周血胃黏膜保护及损伤因子相关指标和功能磁共振(fMRI)信号的变化,探索针刺调节胃黏膜的中枢机制.方法 实验分为真穴组和假穴组;16名健康成人志愿者(均为同济大学在校学生)于2008年9-11月期间参加了两组实验,同一名受试者进行两次实验间隔2周以上.真穴组针刺受试者右侧足三里穴.实验前5 min及电针刺激停止后的5、15、25、30 min分别5次采集受试者外周血检测胃黏膜相关指标;针刺时进行fMRI扫描.用SPM2分析fMRI数据,检验P值<0.00l.结果 真穴组电针针刺停止后的5、15、25、30 min外周血中降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)含量较针刺前均有明显升高(P<0.01),同时内皮素(ET)、胃泌素(GAS)的含量均较针刺前明显下降(P<0.01),各项指标于电针针刺后25 min达峰值.假穴组外周血中各时间点CGRP、PGE2、ET、GAS的含量针刺前后差异无统计学意义.电针刺激足三里穴主要激活双侧额中回、尾状核,扣带回,左侧中央前回、中央后回、额下回、下丘脑,右侧岛叶、海马、小脑半球.假穴组电针刺激后只激活了右侧旁中央小叶及小脑半球.结论 针刺足三里穴对胃黏膜的影响作用可能需要通过中枢特定脑区的介导作用于靶器官而实现.     

经皮穴位电刺激足三里穴对儿童注意力的影响

目的:观察经皮穴位电刺激足三里穴对儿童注意力的影响。方法:将56例健康儿童随机分为观察组(27例)和对照组(29例);观察组予经皮穴位电刺激足三里穴干预,对照组予假刺激,均干预8次。观察两组干预前后注意力网络总反应时及三项注意力网络效率(警觉网络效率、定向网络效率和执行控制网络效率)的变化情况。结果:1干预后,观察组注意力网络总反应时显著缩短(P0.05),且观察组短于对照组(P0.05)。2观察组警觉网络效率和执行控制网络效率显著提高(P0.05),且观察组执行控制网络效率高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:经皮穴位电刺激足三里穴可显著提高儿童注意力。     

《黄帝内经》中足三里穴的定位及主治功用

本文系统梳理了《黄帝内经》中涉及足三里穴的有关条文,依据经文原旨,参考注家有关注释,从腧穴名称、归经定位、取穴方法、针刺方法、主治病证等方面,对足三里穴主治功用、主治特点进行考证.     

Effects of three needling manipulations of the right-side Zusanli (ST 36) on brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Objective

To investigate the effects on the brain using three needling manipulations (twirling, lifting-thrusting, and twirling plus lifting-thrusting) when the right-side Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint was stimulated with needles.

参麦注射液足三里注射治疗化疗后白细胞减少症临床观察

目的观察参麦注射液足三里穴位注射治疗肿瘤患者白细胞减少症的临床疗效。方法将59例肿瘤化疗后白细胞减少症患者随机分为三组,参麦注射液足三里穴位注射组(治疗1组)20例,参麦注射液静脉滴注组(治疗2组)20例,利血生口服组(对照组)19例。三组均以3周为1个疗程。1个疗程结束后,观察三组患者治疗前后外周血白细胞计数变化情况。结果治疗1组在治疗后白细胞减少总有效率高于治疗2组和对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01);治疗2组总有效率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗1组和治疗2组治疗后症状改善情况均优于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。结论参麦注射液足三里穴位注射治疗肿瘤患者化疗后白细胞减少症疗效确切。     

针刺足三里、太冲、合谷穴配合三阶梯止痛治疗胃癌痛临床观察

【目的】观察针刺足三里、太冲、合谷穴配合世界卫生组织(WHO)三阶梯止痛法治疗胃癌癌性疼痛(简称胃癌痛)的疗效及安全性,为临床上治疗胃癌痛提供一种安全有效的治疗方案。【方法】将60例中重度胃癌痛患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。治疗组采用针刺足三里、太冲、合谷穴配合WHO三阶梯止痛法治疗,对照组仅釆用WHO三阶梯止痛法治疗,2组均以7 d为1个疗程。1个疗程后釆用癌痛数字分级法(NRS)、生活质量量表[QOL-BREF(WHO)]、抑郁自评量表(SDS)来评价2组患者疗效,并比较2组患者的不良反应发生率。【结果】(1)治疗后,治疗组的止痛显效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)治疗后,2组患者的生活质量均较治疗前明显改善(P0.05),且治疗组的改善作用优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)治疗后,2组患者的抑郁评分均较治疗前明显改善(P0.05);但治疗后2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(4)治疗组的药物不良反应发生率较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。【结论】针刺足三里、太冲、合谷穴配合三阶梯止痛法治疗胃癌痛的效果明显优于单用三阶梯止痛法。     

合谷穴与尺神经深支的位置关系

目的:探讨合谷穴与尺神经深支的位置关系.方法:在100只成人手标本上解剖观测合谷穴局部.结果:拇指呈伸位,合谷穴直刺进针时,针体经手背合谷穴皮肤至拇收肌掌面的组织厚度是(2.38±0.34)cm,该厚度均超过合谷穴手背至手掌面皮肤组织厚度的一半.皮肤进针点与尺神经深支终末段穿拇收肌处的距离是(3.53±0.24)cm.尺神经深支终末段穿拇收肌横头与拇收肌斜头之间入拇收肌后间隙,并在此间隙内发出各分支,其中拇收肌横头支行向外下方,拇收肌斜头支行向前外上,第一骨间背侧肌支水平向外下后方,拇短屈肌支水平向外.结论:合谷穴针刺时,拇指应呈伸位,直刺进针,深度以不超过患者皮肤进针点至手掌面皮肤组织厚度的一半为宜.尺神经深支终末段的分支走行方向,可能与临床上针刺合谷穴时向不同方向进针有不同的疗效和针感具有一定的关系.     

针刺合谷穴对脑功能成像的研究

目的 研究针刺合谷穴引起的脑功能的即刻效应和后效应(时间变化规律)。方法 用改进时间簇分析(modified temporal chlster analvsis，MTCA)方法对12名健康志愿者针刺合谷穴功能磁共振成像(fMR1)的数据进行处理，得到针刺后脑功能变化的时间和趋势。结果 针刺合谷穴在进针后7～9s和拔针后高峰后，还会不规律出现一些小的高峰。结论 针刺合谷穴对中枢神经系统影响具有时间特性。     

低频电针足三里对2型糖尿病大鼠糖代谢的影响

目的研究低频电针单侧足三里对2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠模型糖代谢的影响,探讨低频电针足三里对T2DM大鼠的疗效机制。方法将30只8周龄雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组10只和造模组20只。造模组造模后将造模成功的16只大鼠随机分为模型组8只和针刺组8只。针刺组予电针单侧足三里治疗,模型组只束缚不干预。比较3组大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FI)及定量胰岛素敏感检测指数(QUICKI),观察胰岛β细胞的形态。结果 FBG治疗前与空白组比较,针刺组和模型组均有显著升高(P<0.05),针刺组与模型组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后与空白组比较,针刺组和模型组均有显著升高(P<0.05),针刺组与模型组比较显著降低(P<0.05)。FI治疗前各组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后各组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。QUICKI治疗前与空白组比较,针刺组和模型组均降低(P<0.05),针刺组与模型组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后针刺组与空白组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),模型组较空白组降低(P<0.05),针刺组较模型组升高(P<0.05)。在光镜下,针刺组胰腺组织分布均匀度与空白组接近,胰岛结构比较完整,细胞密度略低于空白组,胰岛β细胞胞浆见少量肿胀,纤维组织稍有增生。结论电针足三里能有效控制高糖高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的T2DM大鼠模型的病情发展,改善胰岛素敏感度及胰岛β细胞的形态。     

Effect of scar-producing moxibustion at the acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Feishu (BL 13) on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and quality of life in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized,controlled trial

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of heat stimulation via scar-producing moxibustion at the acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Feishu (BL 13) on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and quality of life in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Study on the Regulatory Effect of Electro-acupuncture on Hegu Point （LI4） in Cerebral Response with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objective To study, through blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI), the cerebral activated areas evoked by electro-acupuncturing (EA) the right Hegu point (LI4) or non-acupoint points on the face, and through comparing their similarities and differences, to speculate on the specific cerebral areas activated by stimulating LI4, for exploring the mechanism of its effect in potential clinical application. Methods EA was applied at volunteers’ right LI4 (of 9 subjects in the LI4 group) and facial non-acupoint points (of 5 subjects in the control group), and whole brain 3-dimensional T1 anatomical imaging of high resolution 1 × 1 × 1 mm³ used was performed with clustered stimulatory mode adopted by BOLD fMRI. Pretreatment and statistical t-test were conducted on the data by SPM2 software, then the statistical parameters were superimposed to the 3-dimensional anatomical imaging. Results Data from 3 testees of the 9 subjects in the LI4 group were given up eventually because they were unfit to the demand due to different causes such as movement of patients’ location or machinery factors. Statistical analysis showed that signal activation or deactivation was found in multiple cerebral areas in 6 subjects of LI4 group and 5 subjects of the control group (P<0.01). In the LI4 group, the areas which showed signal activation were: midline nuclear group of thalamus, left supra marginal gyrus, left supra temporal gyrus, right precuneous lobe, bilateral temporal pole, left precentral gyrus and left cerebellum; those which showed signal deactivation were: bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala body area, rostral side/audal side of cingulate gyrus, prefrontal lobe and occipital lobe as well as left infratemporal gyrus. In the control group, areas which showed signal activation were: bilateral frontal lobe, postcentral gyrus, Reil’s island lobe, primary somato-sensory cortex, cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, occipital cuneiform gyrus and/or precuneus gyrus and right brainstem; and the area that showed deactivation was left median frontal lobe. Conclusion The effects of EA LI4 in regulating cerebral activities could be displayed and recorded through BOLD fMRI, the distribution of signally deactivated area evoked by EA LI4 was similar to the known distribution of anatomical orientation of pain in brain, and closely related to the anatomic structure of limbic system, which areas are possibly the acupuncture analgesic effect’s cerebral regulating area. Furthermore, activated portion of left central anterior gyrus, which represent the movement of oral facial muscles, and the activated portion of cerebellum are possibly related with the effect of using EA LI4 in treating facial palsy and facial muscle spasm. As for the mechanism of signal deactivation of cerebral activities exhibited in the present study that is unable to be elucidated, it awaits for further research. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 90209031)     

The Safety of Electroacupuncture at Hegu （LI 4） plus Oxytocin for Hastening Uterine Contraction of Puerperants --A Randomized Controlled Clinical Observation

Objective:To investigate the safety of electroacupuncture plus oxytocin for uterine contraction of puerperants.Methods:276 puerperants with difficult labor were randomly divided into a medication group.treated with intravenous dripping of oxytocin,and an acupuncture plus medication group,in the medication group,intravenous dripping of oxytocin was given,and in the other group,acupuncture at bilateral Hegu(LI 4)was added.Heart rate,respiratory frequency,blood pressure of puerperants,fetal heart rate and birth process were observed.Results:During laboring,the indices observed,including heart rate,respiratory frequency,blood pressure,fetal heart rate and birth process.were allin normal range in all of the 276 cases,with better effects in acupuncture plus medication Group M.Conelusions:Electroacupuncture at bilateral Hegu(LI 4)plus intravenous dripping of oxytocin can intensify the uterine contraction,shorten the birth process to avoid probable systemic exhaustion due to excessive consumption,and with no side effects on life signs of the pueroerants and newborns.Conclusions:Electroacupuncture at bilateral Hegu(LI 4) plus intravenous dripping of oxytocin can intensify the uterine contraction, shorten the birth process to avoid probable systemic exhaustion due to excessive consumption, and with no side effects on life signs of the puerperants and newborns.     

电针刺激大肠俞及足三里穴对肝缺血再灌注大鼠肠道屏障功能的影响

目的 探究术前电针(electric acupuncture,EA)刺激大肠俞及足三里穴,是否对肝缺血再灌注(ischemia-reperfusion,I/R)大鼠的肠道屏障功能具有保护作用.方法 32只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、穴位刺激缺血再灌注组(AS+I/R组)、非穴位刺激...     

The Expression of Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide on the Neurons Associated Zusanli (ST 36) in Rats

Objective:To investigate the biochemical characteristic of the neurons associated Zusanli(ST 36)in the rat by using Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated cholera toxin subunit B(AF594-CTB)neural tracing and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)fluorescent immunohistochemical techniques.Methods:Four male Sprague Dawley rats were injected with AF594-CTB into the corresponding area of the Zusanli in the human body.After 3 surviving days,the rat's spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia(DRGs)at lumbar segments were dissected following perfusion with 4%paraformaldehyde,cut into sections,and then stained with CGRPfluorescent immunohistochemical method.Results:AF594-CTB labeled sensory neurons were detected in the L3-L6 DRGs with high concentration in L4 DRG,and the labeled motor neurons located in the dorsolateral and intermediate regions of laminaⅨfrom L3-L5 segments with high concentration at L4.Meanwhile,CGRPpositive neural labeling distributed symmetrically on both sides of DRGs,anterior and dorsal homs of spinal cord.In the AF594-CTB labeled neurons,37%sensory neurons and 100%motor neurons expressed CGRPpositive.Conclusion:These findings present the morphological evidence to demonstrate that the sensory and motor neurons associated Zusanli in the rat distributed with segmental and regional patterns,and contained CGRP-expression.     

电针足三里穴对不全性肠梗阻模型大鼠小肠Cajal间质细胞数目和网络结构的影响

目的 观察电针足三里穴对不全性肠梗阻模型大鼠小肠Cajal间质细胞(ICCs)数目和网络结构的影响,为进一步研究电针足三里穴对ICCs表型变化的影响奠定基础.方法 采用末端回肠套环法建立大鼠不全性肠梗阻模型,将大鼠随机分为:正常对照组、假手术组、未电针组、电针足三里穴(ST36)组(简称足三里组)、电针阴陵泉穴(GB34)组(简称阴陵泉组).造模成功后,足三里组和阴陵泉组给予电针干预治疗7d后,冰冻切片和全层铺片免疫细胞化学染色观察各组大鼠结肠ICCs的数目及分布变化情况.结果 未电针组与正常对照组和假手术组比较,小肠梗阻前端和梗阻处ICCs呈现不连续分布,网络结构被破坏,数目显著减少(P＜0.05).足三里组较未电针组,ICCs分布呈连续性,网络结构有所修复且数目显著增加(P＜0.05);而阴陵泉组与未电针组比较,变化不显著(P＞0.05).结论 采用末端回肠套环法能有效建立大鼠不全性肠梗阻模型,电针足三里穴能在一定程度上刺激ICCs再生和恢复成正常的细胞网络结构,从而促进回肠功能恢复.     

电针足三里、合谷穴对IBS模型大鼠肠道痛敏及动力异常治疗效应的比较研究

目的探讨不同经脉及不同神经节段支配的穴位对同一疾病不同症状的疗效差异及相关机制。方法新生Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、足三里组和合谷组,每组10~12只。除空白组外,均采用母子分离加醋酸灌肠结合结直肠扩张(CRD)联合制备肠易激综合征(IBS)模型。造模成功者,2月龄时,足三里组、合谷组给予相应穴位电针刺激,20 min/次,隔日1次,共5次。观察各组大鼠电针前后的粪便性状,采用Bristol分型标准评分;腹部回撤反射(AWR)评价内脏痛觉敏感性;免疫组化法检测结肠辣椒素受体(TRPV1)、5-HT2AR的阳性表达。结果与空白组比较,针刺前,模型组、足三里组及合谷组大鼠的Bristol评分均显著升高(P0.01);针刺后,模型组(P0.01)、合谷组(P0.05)大鼠的评分升高;模型组、足三里组腹抬压力阈值明显降低(P0.01),收缩波明显增加(P0.01),结肠TRPV1阳性表达均升高(P0.01),合谷组结肠TRPV1表达增高(P0.05)。模型组、合谷组结肠5-HT2AR阳性表达升高(P0.01)。与模型组比较,足三里组及合谷组,针刺后Bristol大便评分降低(P0.01);腹抬压力阈值升高(P0.01)、收缩波个数减少(P0.01);结肠TRPV1、5-HT2AR阳性表达均显著性降低(P0.01)。与足三里组相比,合谷组针后Bristol评分升高(P0.05),结肠TRPV1表达下降(P0.01),5-HT2AR表达升高(P0.01)。结论电针足三里穴和合谷穴均能降低IBS大鼠肠道痛敏感性,改善胃肠动力障碍。两穴比较,合谷穴对IBS内脏痛的治疗效应略优于足三里穴,而足三里穴对胃肠运动的调节效应更具优势。说明不同经脉、不同神经节段支配的穴位可以治疗同一病症,但存在效应差异,证实了经穴效应特异性存在且具有相对性。