Port site tuberculosis: a case report and review of literature

A rare case of port site tubercular infection is reported. A young male patient presented, one month after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with discharging sinuses at the port sites. Biopsy of the sinus tract showed features of tuberculosis. Excision of sinus tract was done and the patient was started on anti-tubercular therapy, sinuses healed. Probably, the source of tubercular infection was laparoscopic instruments. Proper sterilization of laparoscopic instruments is necessary.     

Unusual site of recurrent musculoskeletal hydatid cyst： Case report and brief review of the literature

INTRODUCTION Echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus which inhabits in the small intestine of carnivores. The adult worms produce eggs that are released with the feces and spread in various ways, such as throug…     

Airport malaria: report of a case and a brief review of the literature

We report a case of Plasmodium vivax malaria in a patient who had not visited an endemic area. The ways in which malaria can be transmitted in non-endemic areas are discussed. By the elimination of other possibilities, the diagnosis of airport malaria was made. Airport malaria is a rare and often initially overlooked diagnosis. Since 1969, some 89 cases of airport malaria have been reported.     

Methimazole-associated cholestatic liver injury: case report and brief literature review

The authors report a further case of methimazole-associated liver damage and present a brief review of eleven previous cases found in the literature. The main clinical features of this 58-year-old female patient were laboratory evidence of leucopenia and cholestasis, and biopsy features of fatty liver parenchyma degeneration with granulocytic portal infiltration and bile stasis, demonstrated 20 days after the initiation of antithyroid therapy with 20 mg methimazole daily. An immediate cholestatic liver reaction was also provoked by drug rechallenge, with spontaneous amelioration of signs and symptoms after drug discontinuation.     

Hyaline vascular Castleman's disease: a case report and brief review of the literature

We describe a 27-year-old female with a mesenterial localisation of the hyaline vascular type of Castleman's disease. A review of the literature is given with emphasis on the different pathogenesis of the subtypes. The hyaline vascular type is a disorder of stromal cells, which can be complicated by the development of soft tissue sarcomas. The plasma cell type is a plasma cell disorder with elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6). In the multicentric type, infection with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) plays an important role in the pathogenesis. The development of Kaposi's sarcoma and some lymphomas are related to the presence of HHV-8. As the different subtypes have a different pathogenesis they should be regarded as distinct diseases.     

Antiretroviral therapy-induced psychosis: case report and brief review of the literature

Objective

We present a case of psychosis in an individual with known HIV infection whose symptoms developed approximately 1 month following the commencement of combination antiretroviral therapy consisting of abacavir (ABC), nevirapine and combivir. She presented with severe persecutory delusions, accompanied by mutism, posturing and catatonia. Following cessation of therapy and the introduction of a low‐dose antipsychotic, her mental state resolved to a stable premorbid level, and no further disturbances of behaviour were noted. Furthermore, when re‐challenged with the above combination minus ABC, there were no further episodes of psychosis. It is proposed that the aetiology of the psychosis was related to her antiretroviral therapy.

Methods

Cessation of antiretroviral medication and initiation of antipsychotic medication with appropriate monitoring and assessment.

Results

Subjective and objective improvements in psychotic symptoms and presentation.

Conclusion

The current case suggests that sudden onset psychotic disturbances in HIV‐infected individuals in the absence of other known organic or other causal factors could be related to treatment with antiretroviral therapy, and that cessation of this can markedly improve psychiatric morbidity. Furthermore, treatment with antipsychotic medication can lead to alleviation of psychotic symptoms and enable the re‐introduction of antiretroviral medication.

     

Pseudoaneurysm of the abdominal aorta: a case report and review of the literature

Pseudoaneurysm of the abdominal aorta is a rare finding, accounting for only 1% of all abdominal aneurysms. Abdominal pseudoaneurysms have been reported only in males, and two-thirds of the cases are the result of penetrating trauma. Pain, abdominal mass, and vascular occlusion are the most common presenting signs and symptoms. The interval between injury and rupture may range from hours to years, and accordingly, a high index of suspicion is needed to make the diagnosis.     

Duodenal diverticulum and associated pancreatitis: case report with brief review of literature

Pancreatitis in the elderly is a problem of increasing occurrence and is associated with severe complications.Periampullary diverticula(PAD) are extraluminal outpouchings of the duodenum rarely associated with pancreatitis.The presence of PAD should be excluded before diagnosing idiopathic pancreatitis,particularly in the elderly.However,when a duodenal diverticulum is found in the absence of any additional pathology,only then should the symptoms be attributed to the diverticulum.We describe a case of duodenal diverticulum presenting with pancreatitis to emphasize the importance of this commonly neglected etiology.     

Early prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Acinetobacter baumannii: a case report and brief review of the literature

Acinetobacter is a highly resistant microorganism, commonly isolated in intensive and post-operative care units. Although rarely reported, it may constitute 1 of the several causes of early prosthetic valve endocarditis. A diffuse, red maculopapular rash may be encountered in patients with Acinetobacter endocarditis. Here we present a case of early prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Acinetobacter baumannii and accompanied by a cutaneous eruption.     

Thirty-seven-year durability of a Starr-Edwards aortic prosthesis: case report and brief review of the literature

We report the case of a patient who was diagnosed with prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. He had undergone aortic valve replacement with a Starr-Edwards prosthesis 37 years earlier Because of uncontrolled infection despite antibiotic treatment, the patient underwent successful surgical replacement of the prosthetic valve.