Effects of contrast media on production of active oxygen forms by neutrophils

Effects of contrast media on the production of active oxygen forms by mouse neutrophils are studied. X-Ray contrast media decrease and magnetic resonance contrast media increase the production of active oxygen forms. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 182–184, August, 1997     

Effects of contrast agents on the duration of lag-period and rate of production of active oxygen forms by neutrophils

Contrast agents shorten lag-period during the production of active oxygen species. X-ray contrast agents decrease, while magnetic imaging agents increase the rate of production of active oxygen species. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 6, pp. 628–630, June, 1998     

Mechanism of the cytolytic effect of streptolysin O: Influence of scavengers of active forms of oxygen and complexones on erythrocyte hemolysis

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii iMeditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 3, pp. 277–278, March, 1993     

On the mechanism of specific inhibition of stimulated chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in allergic processes

Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by barium sulfate is studied in blood samples preincubated with a specific allergen in experimental allergic processes. Specific inhibition of chemiluminescence is observed in blood samples obtained from sensitized animals. The degree of inhibition depends on the nature of sensitization and the stage of the allergic process and is related to myeloperoxidase inhibition. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, № 3, pp. 299–301, March, 1994 Presented by Yu. A. Vladimirov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.     

Effect of antrectomy of gastric secretion induced by insulin hypoglycemia in dogs

Antrectomy causes a sudden and lasting depression of reflex secretion of the gastric fundal glands in response to insulin hypoglycemia in dogs. The reduction in the secretion of acid and pepsin is on average twice that observed after histamine stimulation. A tendency for the indices of secretion to recover is observed after 3–5 months, and during the next 7 months secretion is maintained at a constant level.Department of Operative Surgery, Stavropol' Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kovanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 3, pp. 268–271, March, 1977.     

Effect of adrenalectomy on gastric secretion induced by food or histamine in dogs

The effect of total adrenalectomy on gastric function was studied in chronic experiments on dogs with Pavlov gastric pouches and Basov fistulas. The decrease in the level of maximal secretion of juice was connected with changes in the hemodynamics of the stomach. A tendency for the level of acid formation in the stomach to decrease was observed. Significant differences were found in the character of secretion of proteolytic enzymes in response to different types of activators of secretion, indicating the specific nature of activation of the gastric secretory system in the case of each stimulus, as well as differences in the effect of adrenalectomy on secretion induced by them.Department of Human and Animal Physiology and Laboratory of Physiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk University. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. D. Yablokov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 531–533, May, 1978.     

Opioid peptides modulate secretion of the basic determinants of bile secretion

The effects of the synthetic opioid peptide dalargin and the antagonist of opiate receptors naloxone hydrochloride on the rate of bile secretion and concentration of bile acids and sodium ions is studied in rats. It is shown that the substances with opioid activity insignificantly raise the rate of bile secretion and concentration of the studied compounds. It is suggested that the secretion of the carbonate ion and glutathione increase under these conditions. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 5, pp. 498–500, May, 1997     

Oxidative metabolism of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes in experimental massive pulmonary embolism

Oxidative metabolism of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes circulating in the blood was studied by chemiluminescent analysis and the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. Pronounced activation of oxidative metabolism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was observed by the third and sixth hours of massive embolism of the pulmonary arteries. Comparison of the examined parameters of oxidative metabolism of leukocytes isolated simultaneously from venous and arterial blood indicates a delay of the most active cell fraction in pulmonary vessels during massive embolism. The transfer of functionally active leukocytes from the circulating to the marginal pool of the lungs suggests their participation in damaging the pulmonary microvascular endothelium and in increasing its permeability. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 12, pp. 640–644, December, 1994 Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Mite allergen and allergoid stimulation of histamine secretion by mast cells

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 9, pp. 311–313, September, 1993     

Paradoxical effect of lymphocytes during filtration of platelet-rich heparin-treated plasma

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 11, pp. 502–503, November, 1993     

Effect of vagotomy on the feedback inhibition of pancreatic secretion

Chronic experiments on fistulized dogs showed that the pancreatic secretion stimulated by intraduodenal administration of acidified hydrolysine was depressed after bilateral supradiaphragmatic truncal vagotomy, and that the inhibitory influence of exogenous pancreatic enzymes on pancreatic secretion disappeared on postoperative days 10–16. Subsequently, the feedback inhibition of pancreatic secretion was slowly restored, but even 45 days after vagotomy it was still weaker than in intact dogs. It is concluded that the feedback inhibition of pancreatic secretion is centrally controlled from the duodenum via the vagus nerves. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 5, pp. 465–469, May, 1995 Presented by K. V. Sudakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of cytokines on the generation of active oxygen species by pulmonary and peripheral blood phagocytes

The effect of naturally occurring cytokines on the chemiluminescence response of neutrophils from bronchoalveolar lavage and peripheral blood was studied in patients with chronic bronchitis. It was found that the response of neutrophils from bronchoalveolar lavage differs from that of peripheral blood neutrophils. The cytokines prestimulated the peripheral blood neutrophils for chemiluminescence. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 10, pp. 440–443, October, 1998     

Effect of furosemide and ethacrynic acid on sodium transport and potassium secretion

Like strophanthin K, ethacrynic acid increases the sodium concentration and reduces the potassium concentration in frog urinary bladder tissue, with the result that potassium secretion is reduced; furosemide does not change these concentrations. The results point to differences in the intracellular action of furosemide and ethacrynic acid.Laboratory of Evolution of the Kidney and Water-Salt Metabolism, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. N. Chernigovskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 9, pp. 319–321, September, 1977.     

Modulation of rat leukocyte respiratory burst by ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation

Electromagnetic radiation of ultrahigh frequency modulates luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of rat blood leukocytes activated by latex beads. This effect is frequency-dependent, it either stimulates (at 41 GHz) or inhibits (at 69 GHz) the chemiluminescence response by a factor of 2.00 and 0.63, respectively. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 12, pp. 621–624, December, 1997     

Cholesterol level in peripheral blood lymphocytes: Relationship with ischemic heart disease in patients with various forms of hyperlipidemia

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.116, N ^o 11, pp. 476–479, November 1993     

Free-radical status of human blood leukocytes during hyperbaric exposure

Submerging in a pressure chamber to a depth of up to 250 m was simulated in a 22-day experiment. The production of active oxygen forms in the blood leukocytes of divers was studied. The production of superoxide radical was 5–12 times decreased in the leukocytes stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate, which may be due to a 2- to 3-fold decrease in NADPH oxidase activity. A 5-fold increase in the ratio of luminol to lucigenin chemiluminescence indicates that production of active oxygen forms is shifted towards the forms other than superoxide. Increased incidence of infectious diseases in the divers after long deep submerging may result from disorders in primary nonspecific immunity in the presence of phagocytosing blood cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 211–214, August, 1997     

On the mechanism of insulinotropic action of hepoxylins: Evidence of a direct,glucose-independent effect of hepoxylins B3 on insulin secretion

The effects of lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid, hepoxylin B₃ epimers, on insulin secretion by a culture of isolated islet cells were studied. The effect was assessed at hepoxylin B₃ concentrations of 0.2 to 5.0 μM and different glucose concentrations in the culture medium. Both hepoxylin B₃ epimers were shown to boost the stimulating effect of glucose on insulin secretion. This effect manifests itself at glucose concentrations of 5.5 and 11 mM and disappears at an above normal glucose content in the medium (20 mM). The capacity of hepoxylin B₃ to stimulate the secretion of insulin by a culture of islet cells in a glucose-free medium has also been demonstrated. This direct, not glucose-mediated, insulinotropic effect may serve as proof that the hepoxylins belong to the category of intracellular messengers. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 10, pp. 404–406, October, 1995 Presented by I. G. Akmaev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences