中枢γ—氨基丁酸对大鼠烫伤早期心血管功能的影响

目的：通过阻断烫伤早期大鼠中枢和下丘脑室旁核γ－氨基丁酸的作用，观察大鼠心血管指标和存活时间的改变。方法：制备大鼠３０％总体表面积Ⅲ度烫伤模型；借助脑立体定向仪行中枢内注射；运用四导生理仪记录血压和心肌力学指标。结果：烫伤早期大鼠中枢和下丘脑室旁核γ－氨基丁酸作用的阻断可明显回升其血压、左心室收缩压、左心室内压最大变化速率和延长存活时间。结论：提示中枢γ－氨基丁酸对大鼠烫伤早期心血管功能有影响，部     

不同年龄大鼠不同脑区递质氨基酸含量的比较研究

分离检测脑内递质氨基酸的含量，是研究脑代谢和脑功能活动的一个重要指标。本文应用高效液相色谱－柱后衍生物对大鼠脑内三个部位游离氨基酸进行了分离并对GABA（γ－氨基丁酸）、Tau(牛磺酸）、Gly（甘氨酸、Glu(谷氨酸）和ASP（天冬氨酸）进行了定量。结果表明：随年龄增长，脑内抑制性递质GABA，Tau和Gly的含量降低就或不变，兴奋性递质Glu和ASP含量增高或不变，并且还讨论了不同脑区GABA／Glu及抑制性递质氨基酸总量与兴奋性递质氨基酸总量比值。     

针刺五脏俞调五脏神针法对失眠大鼠脑内抑制性递质GABA及GABAA的含量影响

目的：研究针刺五脏俞调五脏神针法对失眠大鼠脑内抑制性递质GABA及GABAA含量的影响。方法：采用对氯苯丙氨酸（PCPA）腹腔注射的方法制备大鼠失眠动物模型,将大鼠随机分成4组：空白组、模型组、安定组、针刺组。采用酶联免疫法检测下丘脑内抑制性递质GABA和GABAA的含量。结果：该针法可明显增加PCPA所致失眠大鼠下丘脑内抑制性递质GABA及GABAA的含量。结论：针刺五脏俞调五脏神针法可以增加深慢波睡眠量,从而治疗失眠证。     

人参根总甙对大鼠脑内单胺类和氨基酸类神经递质含量的影响

本文报道了人参根总甙对两组不同年龄的雌性大鼠的大脑皮质、下丘脑和脑干的氨基酸类递质和单胺类递质含量的影响。结果表明:人参根总甙显著地降低中年大鼠大脑皮质和脑干的谷氨酸(Glu)含量、脑干的天门冬氨酸(Asp)含量、下丘脑的5—羟色胺(5-HT)含量,增高下丘脑的 r-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量,大脑皮质和脑干的牛磺酸(Tau)含量,下丘脑和脑干的去甲肾上腺素(NE)和多巴胺(DA)的含量。显著降低老年大鼠大脑皮质和脑干的 Glu 含量:大脑皮质的 Asp 含量、大脑皮质和下丘脑的 5-HT 含量。增高大脑皮质的 GABA 含量、下丘脑的 DA 含量,对其他部位无明显作用。人参根总甙的这些作用,可能是其抗衰老作用的一个环节。     

VNS对癫(疒间)大鼠行为及脑皮层氨基酸递质含量的影响

目的：探讨自制迷走神经刺激器对癫大鼠的抗疒间作用及对额叶皮层氨基酸递质的影响。方法：利用A、B、C型刺激器对慢性点燃癫大鼠进行迷走神经刺激术（VNS），氨基酸分析仪测定癫大鼠接受不同刺激后1h、24h、1周时额叶皮层内的主要兴奋性与抑制性氨基酸递质含量变化和行为学变化。结果：发生变化的氨基酸递质主要是GABA，其中A、B组较对照组GABA含量高、Glu/GABA值低，B组刺激后1h、24h与对照组间的氨基酸含量变化均有GABA含量高、Glu/GABA值低，B3组刺激后1d时（癫）发作明显减少，但4d后恢复到刺激前水平。结论：自制的中、高强度刺激器进行VNS可以减少1d内的癫发作，抑制癫主要是通过发生GABA递质变化发生作用。     

不同年龄大鼠不同脑区递质氨基酸含量的比较研究

分离检测脑内递质氨基酸的含量,是研究脑代谢和脑功能活动的一个重要指标。本文应用高效液相色谱——柱后衍生法对大鼠脑内三个部位游离氨基酸进行了分离并对GABA(γ—氨基丁酸)、Tau(牛磺酸)、Gly(甘氨酸)、Glu(谷氨酸)和ASP(天冬氨酸)进行了定量。结果表明:随年龄增长,脑内抑制性递质GABA,Tau和Gly的含量降低或不变,兴奋性递质Glu和ASP含量增高或不变。并且还讨论了不同脑区GABA/Glu以及抑制性递质氨基酸总量与兴奋性递质氨基酸总量比值。     

REM睡眠剥夺后大鼠脑组织氨基酸类神经递质含量的变化

目的:观察睡眠剥夺(sleep deprivation,SD)对大鼠脑组织γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(GLU)含量的影响。方法:用小平台水环境法(flower pot technique)对大鼠进行连续96h快速动眼相(rapid eye movement,REM)睡眠剥夺,以正常饲养组及大平台组为对照,高效液相色谱法测定睡眠剥夺后大鼠额叶皮质、脑干、下丘脑等脑区GABA、GLU含量的变化。结果:睡眠剥夺后大鼠各脑区脑组织GABA含量。GABA/GLU值均较对照组明显增高(P<0.01),而GLU含量在脑干、下丘脑两脑区亦较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)。结论:睡眠剥夺导致大鼠脑组织氨基酸类神经递质含量及比例的改变,是睡眠剥夺过程的神经生物学机制之一。     

睡眠剥夺对大鼠脑组织氨基酸类神经递质含量的影响

目的观察睡眠剥夺对大鼠脑组织γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(GLU)含量的影响。方法用小平台水环境法对大鼠进行连续96 h快速动眼相睡眠剥夺,以正常饲养组及大平台组为对照,高效液相色谱法测定睡眠剥夺后大鼠额叶皮质、脑干、下丘脑等脑区GABA、GLU含量的变化。结果睡眠剥夺后大鼠各脑区脑组织GABA含量、GABA/GLU值均较对照组明显增高(P<0.01),而GLU含量在脑干、下丘脑两脑区亦较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)。结论睡眠剥夺可伴有大鼠脑组织氨基酸类神经递质含量及比例的变化。     

氯胺酮对缺血再灌注脑组织兴奋性氨基酸递质及钙含量的影响

用“四动脉闭塞法”制成兔脑缺血再灌注损伤模型，测定其组织兴奋性氨基酸递质、脑组织钙及线性粒体钙含量变化，同时观察兴奋性氨基酸受体拮抗剂氯胺酮对上述指标的影响。结果提示：缺血２０ｍｉｎ，脑组织兴奋性氨基酸递质谷氨酸和天门氨酸明显降低，再灌注后其降低更加明显。     

安神方对失眠大鼠中枢氨基酸类神经递质的影响

目的 研究安神方颗粒对失眠造模大鼠中枢神经递质的影响.方法 60只Wistar大鼠随机方法分为中药高、中、低剂量组和生理盐水组4组;采用限制运动方法制备大鼠焦虑抑郁失眠模型,同时给予药物干预.15 d后,处死并冰台上分离大鼠海马及下丘脑,冷冻离心后分离上清液,高效液相色谱法测定谷氨酸(GLU),γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量.结果 海马及下丘脑GLU含量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),GABA含量升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);且海马部神经递质含量变化与药物浓度成正相关性.结论 中药安神方颗粒可以通过调节中枢神经递质,如谷氨酸(GLU)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA),从而达到治疗失眠症目的 .     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.