再生障碍性贫血患者血清IL-8和IFN-α水平的检测

目的　探讨再生障碍性贫血 (AA)的细胞免疫状态及白细胞介素 8(IL - 8)和干扰素α(IFN α)在AA免疫发病机制中的作用。方法　应用夹心酶联免疫吸附试验检测 5 0例AA患者及 30名正常人血清中IL - 8和IFN α水平。结果　AA、急性AA(AAA)及慢性AA(CAA)患者血清中IL - 8和IFN α水平均明显高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;AAA组二者水平又明显高于CAA组 (P <0 .0 1)。对AA组IL - 8和IFN α水平作直线相关分析显示 ,二者呈显著正相关 (r =0 .70 3,P <0 0 1)。结论　AA患者存在细胞免疫功能紊乱 ,IL - 8和IFN α的过量分泌可能在AA ,特别是AAA的发病机制中起一定的作用。     

再生障碍性贫血患者骨髓和外周血中FL水平的测定及意义

目的 :测定再生障碍性贫血 (AA)患者骨髓 (BM)和外周血 (PB)中酪氨酸激酶受体 3的配体 (FL)的水平 ,并探讨其意义。方法 :用常规 EL ISA法检测 16例再障患者骨髓和外周血中 FL、s Fas L和 IL - 2的水平。结果 :再障患者骨髓和外周血中 FL 水平显著升高 ,为正常对照的 2 0倍以上 (P<0 .0 1)。再障患者骨髓及外周血中 s Fas L、IL- 2含量也明显高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :再障患者骨髓和外周血中 FL、s Fas L、IL - 2含量与患者疾病的严重程度呈负相关。     

MPTP诱导帕金森病小鼠黑质致密部细胞因子含量变化的研究

目的　探讨帕金森病模型小鼠黑质致密部细胞因子TNF α、INF γ、IL 1含量变化。方法　以1 甲基 4苯基 1,2 ,3 ,6四氢吡啶(MPTP)腹腔注射形成帕金森病小鼠模型;以ELISA法测定黑质致密部细胞因子TNF α、INF γ、IL 1变化。结果　模型组TNF α、INF γ、IL 1含量水平较正常组和生理盐水注射组增高,P <0 .0 1。结论　MPTP诱导的帕金森病小鼠模型脑内存在炎性免疫应答反应的激活。     

卵巢癌患者外周血Treg细胞和Th1、Th2细胞因子的变化及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的: 探讨卵巢癌患者外周血中Treg细胞占T细胞的百分比以及Th1细胞和Th2细胞因子与卵巢癌临床病理特征的关系。方法: 选择我院妇科收治经腹腔镜卵巢癌根治术治疗并经病理确诊的卵巢癌患者60例,设为恶性组;另选择同期医院收治的卵巢良性疾患60例(良性组)和健康体检妇女60例(对照组)。检测各组外周血中Treg细胞和Th1、Th2细胞因子的变化;分析不同临床分期和组织学分型病例Treg细胞和Th1、Th2细胞因子的水平。结果： 对照组和良性组IL 2、IL 4、IL 10、INF γ、TNF α浓度以及Treg细胞占外周血 CD4+T细胞的比例差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。与对照组和良性组相比,恶性组IL 2、INF γ、TNF α水平明显降低,IL 4、IL 10水平以及Treg细胞比例均明显升高(P均<0.05)。随着卵巢癌临床分期的提高,INF γ、TNF α水平逐渐降低(P<0.05),但IL 2水平差异无统计学意义;IL 4和IL 10水平及Treg细胞所占比例逐渐升高(P均<0.05)。与黏液性和其他组织学分型相比,浆液性卵巢癌IL 4、IL 10及TNF α水平明显增高(P均<0.05)。 结论： 不同临床分期及组织学分型的卵巢癌患者外周血中Th1细胞和Th2细胞因子表达均失衡;随临床分期升高,恶性卵巢癌患者Treg细胞百分比升高。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血T辅助细胞因子的表达

目的：探讨系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者外周血中T辅助细胞因子Th1和Th2的表达情况。方法：用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测了10例正常人和8例活动期SLE患者血清中的白细胞介素2（IL－2）、白细胞介素4（IL－4）、白细胞介素10（IL－10）、γ干扰素（INF－γ）的表达水平。结果：与正常人相比，活动期SLE患者外周血中IL－2的表达水平降低（P＜0．05），IL－10的表达水平增高（P＜0．01），而INF－γ与IL－4则无显著性差异（P＞0．05。结论：活动期SLE患者中Th12细胞因子表达为IL－2的下调，Th2细胞因子表达为IL－10的上调，可能在SLE发病机制中起一定的作用。     

抑郁症患者血清细胞因子研究

有证据表明抑郁症可能伴有细胞介导的免疫激活。激活后产生的细胞具有很强的生物学活性 ,有可能在抑郁症的发病中起着重要作用。该研究通过检测抑郁症患者血清中免疫细胞激活后的产物IL 1β、IL 2、IL 6、TNF α和IFN γ水平 ,探讨抑郁症患者是否存在细胞介导的免疫激活 ,以及免疫激活后产生的细胞因子在抑郁症发病中的作用。研究对象为抑郁症患者 ,共 2 3例。入组的抑郁症患者经详细询问病史 ,排除由器质性原因所致抑郁症。抑郁症诊断标准采用CCMD 2 R的标准。对照组为身体健康的员工。用酶联免疫法 (ELISA法 )检测血清IL 1β、IL 2、IL 6、TNF α和IFN γ水平 ,结果显示 ,抑郁症组血清IL 2水平显著高于对照组 (t=2 .479,P <0 .0 2 ) ,抑郁症组和正常对照组的IL 1β、IL 6、TNF α和IFN γ水平无显著差异(t分别为 0 .5 78,0 .5 6 6 ,1.0 0 2和 1.10 6 ,P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :抑郁症患者血清IL 2水平升高 ,表明IL 2可能在抑郁症的发病中起一定作用 ;IL 1β、IL 6、TNF α和IFN γ在抑郁症的发病中似无明显作用。     

再生障碍性贫血血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体测定的临床意义

<正>白细胞介素2受体(IL-2R)是免疫应答过程重要物质,参与机体生理和病理过程。研究表明,免疫机制的异常参与了再生障碍性贫血(再障)的发病。为进一步了解再障的发病机制、临     

流式细胞术检测Th1/Th2在再生障碍性贫血中的临床意义

目的通过流式细胞术检测再生障碍性贫血患者中Th1、Th2细胞的数量,进一步探讨其在再生障碍性贫血发病机制中的作用及临床意义。方法用流式细胞术检测23例再生障碍性贫血患者及20例正常对照者外周抗凝血CD4+T淋巴细胞IFN-γ、IL-4的分泌,分别反映Th1、Th2细胞的数量。结果再生障碍性贫血患者Th1样细胞因子IFN-γ的水平较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.01),Th2样因子IL-4与正常对照组比较差异无明显性(P>0.05)。结论再生障碍性贫血中Th1水平明显增多,Th2水平却大致正常,提示Th1/Th2比例失衡可能是导致再障造血衰竭的重要因素,是再障发病机制之一。     

黄柏对小鼠DTH及其体内几种细胞因子的影响

为进一步探讨黄柏免疫抑制作用 ,我们以二硝基氟苯 (DNFB)所致迟发型超敏反应 (DTH)小鼠模型观察黄柏对小鼠DTH及其体内几种重要细胞因子的影响。采用 1%DNFB腹部致敏、耳廓发敏的方法建立DTH小鼠模型 ,以巨噬细胞 (MΦ)亚硝基 (NO )释放法测定血清γ干扰素 (IFN γ)水平 ,胸腺细胞法检测白细胞介素 1(IL 1)水平 ,丝裂原激活的淋巴母细胞法检测白细胞介素 2(IL 2 )水平 ,L92 9细胞结晶紫染色法测定肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)水平。结果发现黄柏可抑制DNFB诱导的小鼠DTH ,降低其血清IFN γ水平 ,抑制其腹腔MΦ产生IL 1及TNF α ,抑制其脾细胞产生IL 2。这表明黄柏有抑制小鼠DTH的作用 ,其机制可能是抑制了IFN γ、IL 1、TNF α、IL 2等细胞因子的产生和分泌 ,从而抑制免疫反应 ,减轻炎症损伤     

脑梗死患者白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子α变化的研究

目的 :探讨白细胞介素 6(IL 6)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)在脑梗死 (CI)发病中的作用。方法 :应用ELISA方法检测 3 8例CI患者在发病急性期、亚急性期和恢复期的血清IL 6和TNF α水平 ,并比较不同梗死灶体积上述细胞因子血清水平的变化。结果 :CI患者急性期的血清IL 6水平均较亚急性期、恢复期以及对照组明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;TNF α水平急性期比对照组升高 (P <0 .0 5 )而与亚急性期、恢复期之间无统计学差异 ;中、大梗死体积组的急性期TNF α水平比小体积组显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,IL 6水平则无统计学差异。结论 :细胞因子参与了急性脑梗死的发病过程。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.