妥舒沙星人体血药浓度测定及药代动力学研究

目的建立反相高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定人血浆中妥舒沙星浓度的方法。方法以加替沙星为内标,血浆经酸化采用20%高氯酸提取,色谱柱为XDB C18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-甲醇-20 mmol.L-1磷酸二氢钾(15∶15∶70),荧光检测(λex=342 nm,λem=420 nm)。结果妥舒沙星血浆浓度在10.80~1296 ng.ml-1内具有良好线性关系,平均相对回收率大于95%,萃取回收率大于60%,日内、日间相对标准差(RSD)均小于4.3%。结论该方法灵敏、准确,可用于妥舒沙星的药动学研究。     

HPLC法测定祛痹舒肩丸中阿魏酸的含量

目的:建立以高效液相色谱法测定祛痹舒肩丸中阿魏酸含量的方法.方法:色谱柱为C18柱(4.0 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙睛-0.085%磷酸溶液(17:83),检测波长为323 nm,流速为1.0mL/min,柱温为室温.结果:阿魏酸在(0.001996～0.07984)mg/mL范围内浓度与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9997,n=7),平均加样回收率为101.2%,RSD为2.9%(n=6).结论:本方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于祛痹舒肩丸的质量控制.     

高效液相色谱法测定环孢素A血药浓度

目的建立一种简便可行的HPLC方法测定环孢素A的血浆药物浓度。方法血样经多步处理后用Ba-iAn-C18柱(5μm×250 mm×4.6 mm)分离;流动相为甲醇-已腈-水-异丙醇(25∶18∶57∶1.5,v/v);流速为1.0 mL/min;柱温为70℃;检测波长为λ=208 nm。结果环胞素A(CsA)血药浓度在50~2 000 ng/mL范围内,标准曲线线性关系良好(r=0.998 0);环胞素A最低检测浓度为50 ng/mL,方法绝对回收率为92.1%~95.7%,相对回收率为94.3%~99.8%,样品稳定性良好。结论本法简便、快速、可行,对于移植术后环孢素A血药浓度检测,效果较好。     

二次萃取法测定人血浆中芬太尼浓度

目的探讨高效液相色谱法-紫外二次萃取法测定人血浆中芬太尼浓度的方法。方法本实验采用内标法,以盐酸瑞芬太尼为内标,以Zorbax-CN(250mm×46mm,5μm)为固定相,以含0.015mol/L磷酸氢二钠和0.05mol/L戊烷磺酸钠的乙腈-水溶液(70:30,v/v)为流动相,流速1.5mL/min,紫外检测波长200nm。结果标准曲线在1～100ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999),最低检测浓度为1ng/mL,方法回收率为(91.45±4.55)%,提取回收率为(95.63±4.02)%,日内变异RSD(6.23±2.90)%,日间变异RSD(6.45±4.12)%。结论本方法简便、准确、检测浓度低,能够满足血浆中低浓度芬太尼的测定及临床药代动力学研究的要求。     

RP-HPLC法测定心可舒片中葛根素的含量

[目的]建立心可舒片中葛根素的HPLC含量测定方法。[方法]高效液相色谱法;色谱条件:ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18,柱温25摄氏;流动相:甲醇-水-磷酸(23∶77∶0.5);流速:1.0 ml·min-1;检测波长;250nm。[结果]葛根素在25ng~250ng范围内,线性关系良好,回归方程为Y=4663.9774X(r=0.9998),平均加样回收率为102.34%,RSD=2.7197%(n=5)。[结论]本方法稳定、可靠、操作简便、快速、重现性好,可用于心可舒片葛根素的质量控制。     

普卢利沙星胶囊的含量及有关物质的HPLC测定

建立了HPLC法测定普卢利沙星胶囊含量及有关物质。方法采用PICO·TAG TM C18色谱柱（5μm,3.9 mm×150 mm）;以乙腈-水-十二烷基硫酸钠（425：500：2.5,用磷酸调节pH为3.0）为流动相;流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长为275 nm;柱温：室温;进样量：20μL。结果普卢利沙星浓度在12～36μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,r=0.9999（n=5）;平均回收率为99.7%,RSD为0.3%。结论本方法简便、快速、准确,可作为普卢利沙星质量控制的方法。     

RP-HPLC测定心可舒片中葛根素含量

目的:建立心可舒中葛根素的PR-HPLC测定方法.方法:采用RP-HPLC测定心可舒片中葛根素的含量;固定相1∶1,ODS-C18(5 μm);流动相1∶1,甲醇-18.0 ml/L醋酸溶液(20∶80);检测波长:250 nm.结果:平均回收率为100.15%,RSD为1.60%.结论:本法简便、快速,具有实用性.     

HPLC法测定肝舒胶囊中大黄素的含量

目的建立HPLC法测定肝舒胶囊中大黄素含量的方法。方法采用色谱柱Sino Chrom ODS(4.60 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(85∶15);检测波长λmax=254nm。结果大黄素线性范围为4.12-46.16μg/mL,r=0.9999;平均加样回收率为99.75%,RSD为1.03%。结论本法简便、准确、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于该制剂的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中扎来普隆的浓度

目的 :建立测定人血浆中扎来普隆浓度的高效液相色谱法。方法 :以美国迪马公司钻石C1 8反相柱 ( 15 0mm× 4.6mm ,5μm)为色谱柱 ,流动相为 ψ(乙腈 ∶冰乙酸∶三乙胺 ∶水 ) =5 0 ∶ 0 .2 5∶ 0 .0 2 5 ∶49.72 5 ,流速为 1.0mL/min ,荧光激发波长 3 45nm ,发射波长 460nm ,以乙酸乙酯为提取剂。结果 :扎来普隆高 ( 10 0 .0ng/mL)、中 ( 5 0 .0ng/mL)、低 ( 5 .0ng/mL)三种浓度的平均回收率分别为 96.9%、95 .4%、96.0 %,日内、日间差RSD均低于 8%;分析方法的最低检测浓度为 0 .5ng/mL。线性范围为 :1.0～ 10 0 .0ng/mL。结论 :该方法灵敏、准确、简单、快速 ,可用于临床血浓监测和药动学研究。     

HPLC测定唾液、龈沟液和血清中甲磺酸帕珠沙星药物浓度

目的建立一种快速灵敏检测甲磺酸帕珠沙星在血清、龈沟液和唾液中药物浓度的HPLC方法。方法色谱柱为Agilent
Zorbax SB-C18（5 μm,250 mm×4.6 mm）,流动相为乙腈-磷酸三乙胺溶液（0.5%磷酸,1%三乙胺）=（155∶850）,紫外检测波长为
245 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min。样本处理采用甲醇沉淀蛋白,上清吹干,流动相复溶残渣,离心后上清20 μl进样检测。结果样品中帕珠
沙星色谱分离完全,无内源性物质干扰,在25~10 000 ng/ml内呈现良好的线性回归,线性方程为Area=0.10837903*Amt+0（r=
0.99953）。检测灵敏度高,最低检测浓度可达到10 ng/ml,回收率,在91%以上。结论HPLC可以迅速、准确地检测出甲磺酸帕
珠沙星在血清、龈沟液和唾液样本中的含量。
     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.