新鲜与干燥胎儿角巩膜板层移植术无期疗效的比较

４５例（４６眼）采用新鲜与干燥的胎儿角、巩膜作板层移植术，其中新鲜组１９例（２０眼）、存活１９眼，脱落１眼；干燥组２６例（２６眼），存活２６眼，总有效率９８％。术后２－３年随访比较，两均具有良好的透明性，视力有不同程度提高，在相同病种其免疫排斥反应程度无显著差异，在治疗效果上具有同等价值。     

增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变玻璃体手术的预后分析

为探讨可能影响手术预后的各种因素及其与手术预后的关系，以指导手术时机和适应证的选择，降低手术并发症，为提高手术成功率提供依据。回顾性分析了２６只增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变（ＰＤＲ）眼行玻璃体手术的临床资料。结果：２６眼中功能恢复１８眼（６９．２％），解剖复位３眼（１１．５％），失败５眼（１９．２％）。手术预后与玻璃体出血时间长短、患者年龄有关，与糖尿病类型、眼底病变程度（Ⅴ、Ⅵ两期）、性别、有无裂孔及术中激光治疗等因素无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：对年轻患者行玻璃体手术应慎重；ｌ型糖尿病眼宜早期手术，Ⅱ型糖尿病眼宜延期手术（一年以上），可能有助于降低手术并发症，改善手术预后。     

丝裂霉素C在难治性青光眼滤过术中的应用

目的 为明确丝裂霉素Ｃ（ｍｉｔｏｍｙｃｉｎ，ＭＭＣ）在青光眼滤过术后，抗滤过泡瘢痕形成的作用。方法 将３０例（４０只眼）难治性青光眼随机分为ＭＭＣ治疗组２１只眼和对照组１９只眼。ＭＭＣ组在小梁切除术中１次使用０．４ｍｇ／ｍｌ的ＭＭＣ，对照组不使用ＭＭＣ。术后追踪６￣２５个月，平均１０个月。结果 ＭＭＣ组手术成功率为９０．４％，对照组为２６．３％，Ｐ≤０．０００１。功能性滤过泡眼数，ＭＭＣ组为１７／     

全板层角膜移植羊膜移植治疗严重眼表损伤

目的观察带角膜缘的全板层角膜移植联合新鲜羊膜移植，治疗严重眼表损伤的临床效果。方法12例（13眼）严重眼表损伤行带角膜缘的全板层角膜移植联合新鲜羊膜移植的回顾性分析。其中，碱烧伤4例（5眼）、酸烧伤5例（5眼）、热烧伤3例（3眼）。术后均予以抗感染、抗炎、抗排斥等治疗。术后随访12～24月。结果所有患眼治疗后均形成了稳定的眼表，保住了眼球，视力均有不同程度的提高。3例（3眼）因严重的眼干燥症，需长期滴用人工泪液。结论带角膜缘的全板层角膜移植联合新鲜羊膜移植，能有效地修复严重的眼表损伤，具有较好的疗效。     

素高捷疗眼膏治疗泪道阻塞28例探讨

泪道阻塞是眼科常见病、多发病,其治疗方法较多,但常易复发。我们采用素高捷疗眼膏泪道灌注法治疗泪道阻塞２８例,取得满意效果,现报告如下。１临床资料２８例均为门诊病人,其中男９例（９只眼）,女１９例（２３只眼）,年龄２６～６０岁。阻塞部位多数在泪总管及下...     

羊膜移植与自体角膜缘移植治疗翼状胬肉的初步疗效对照

目的 比较评价新鲜羊膜移植与自体角膜缘移植在翼状胬肉治疗中的效果。方法 翼状胬肉患者42例48眼。分为羊膜移植组及角膜缘移植组，每组24眼。分别行翼状胬肉切除联合新鲜羊膜移植和自体角膜缘移植。术后随访12～19个月，观察翼状胬肉复发率。结果 羊膜移植组6眼（26％）复发，角膜缘移植组3例（13．6％）复发。在初发性胬肉治疗中两组分别有3眼（20％）、2眼（14％）复发；在复发性胬肉治疗中两组分别有3眼（37％）、1眼（12．5％）复发。结论 在防止胬肉复发方面，羊膜移植与角膜缘移植在治疗初发性胬肉中疗效相当；角膜缘移植治疗复发性胬肉疗效优于羊膜移植。     

咪唑类药物治疗丝状真菌性角膜炎的临床比较

目的探讨咪唑类药物对７３例（７３只眼）丝状真菌性角膜炎治疗的疗效。方法将７３例随机分为四组，Ⅰ组采用咪康唑混悬液滴眼（２３例），Ⅱ组用复方咪唑蓖麻油溶液（１５例）滴眼、Ⅲ组用复方咪唑粉撒布（１９例），Ⅳ组用复方咪唑粉撒布联合局部清创术（１６例）。除Ⅰ组外，其余三组均联合酮康唑口服。结果各组治愈率分别为２１．７４％、６６．６７％、７３．６８％及９３．７５％，平均治愈天数分别为６５、６８、３５及１９天。Ⅳ组分别与前三组治愈率及平均治愈天数比较，差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论咪唑粉撒布联合局部清创术是治疗丝状真菌性角膜炎的一种较好的治疗方法。     

巩膜瓣下板层咬切联合白内障冷冻摘除术

本文报告２６例２６眼青光眼合并白内障，其中１５例１５眼作联合手术；１１例１１眼作单纯白内障冷冻摘除术进行对照，其近期降压效果两组间相差不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。联合术组经１～５年远期随访，７５％病人不用缩瞳剂眼压控制在正常范围。并对联合手术机理和并发症进行了讨论。［关键词］     

中老年人无症状眼底病变47例分析

对中老年人没有明显主观症状的４７例患者（６６眼）眼底病变临床资料进行了分析。结果诊断为糖尿病视网膜病变者１９例（３８眼），高血压视网膜病变９例（１２眼），视网膜分支静脉阻塞１０例（１０眼），前部缺血性视神经病变３例（３眼），视网膜下新生血管形成４侧（４眼），旁中心浆液性视网膜病变２例（２眼）。在６～６６个月的随访中３４例患者（４７眼）中有２３例（２８眼）的视力有了不同程度的下降。这一结果说明进行定期常规双侧眼底检查对中老年人某些眼底病变的及时发现和早期治疗是非常必要的。     

弱视儿童中心闪光临界融合频率的初步观察

应用自制闪光临界融合频率测试仪检查了３９例（７８眼）门诊弱视儿童的红、黄、绿３种色光的中心闪光临界融合频率（ＣＦＦ），且与３０例（６０眼）健康儿童的ＣＦＦ相比较，现报告如下。ｌ资料与方法１．１一般资料弱视组：３９例门诊弱视儿童，男１６例，女２３例。年龄６～１２ａ，平均年龄７．９７ａ。屈光不正性弱视２６例，屈光参差性弱视１３例。中心注视者１８例，平均视力０．８，偏心注视者２１例，平均视力０．２。对照组：３０例健康儿童（１～４年级学生），男１１例，女１９例，年龄７～１０ａ，平均年龄８．８３ａ。１．２…     

Diffusion of the human retina and quality of the optics of the eye on the fovea and the peripheral retina

The linespread profile after double passage through the eye has been measured previously. We show that one cannot separate the contributions of the optics of the eye and of the retina to image degradation with this last method. We present here a new method which allows just such a separation. We have measured the modulation transfer function of the optics of the eye in the visual axis and oblique axes, and a function which characterizes light scattering in different portions of the living retina.     

A contribution to the histological and topographical anatomy of the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris and of the tarsal muscle in the normal lid and in blepharoptosis

Eight normal upper lids were examinated histologically with special regard to the aponeurosis of the levator and of the tarsal muscle (Müller's). The aponeurosis originates from the levator muscle within the orbit (behind the septum orbitale) and inserts at the upper anterior surface of the tarsal plate. The tarsal muscle originates from the levator muscle and inserts at the upper tarsal border. It is a smooth muscle containing many small blood vessels. Fifty-six specimens of tissue resected in operations for blepharoptosis were examined histologically. They consist of parts of the tarsal muscle and of the aponeurosis of the levator and of fat tissue without pathological changes.     

Topographic anatomy of the eyelids, and the effects of sex and age

AIMS: To describe the effects of sex and age on eyeball, eyelid, and eyebrow position. METHODS: A cross sectional cohort study was performed in which both eyes of 320 normal subjects aged between 10 and 89 years were included. Of each 10 year age cohort, there were 20 men and 20 women. Frontal, as well as lateral, slides were taken of both eyes. On projected slides, a reference line through the medial canthi and vertical lines through the pupil centre and the lateral canthus were constructed. Using these lines, we measured the size of the horizontal eyelid fissure, the distance from the reference line to the pupil centre and to the lateral canthus, the distance between the pupil centre and the upper and lower eyelid margin, and the distance between the upper eyelid margin and the skin fold and eyebrow. On lateral slides, the distance between the lateral canthus and the anterior corneal surface was measured. RESULTS: Between the ages of approximately 12 and 25 years, the horizontal eyelid fissure lengthened 3 mm, while the position of other eyelid structures remained virtually unchanged. Between the average ages of 35 and 85 years, the horizontal eyelid fissure gradually shortened again by about 2.5 mm. Meanwhile, the distance between the lateral canthal angle and the anterior corneal surface decreased almost 1.5 mm. Aging caused an increase of the distance between the pupil centre and the lower eyelid of about 1 mm in men, and 0.5 mm in women. Aging also caused a higher skin crease and raised eyebrows in men and women, but it did not affect the position of the pupil centre and the lateral canthus. Men showed an 0.7 mm larger horizontal eyelid fissure than women. In women, however, the eyebrows were situated about 2.5 mm higher than in men. CONCLUSION: Aging mainly affects the size of the horizontal eyelid fissure, which lengthens by about 10% between the ages of 12 and 25, and shortens by almost the same amount between middle age and old age. Aging causes sagging of the lower eyelid, especially in men, and a higher skin fold and eyebrow position in both sexes. Aging does not affect the position of the eyeball proper, or of the lateral canthus.     

沙眼的流行现状及防治的研究进展

沙眼是由沙眼衣原体感染所致的一种传染性角结膜炎,目前在世界57个国家流行。1998年世界卫生组织( World Health Organization,WHO)将2020年全球消灭致盲性沙眼(global alliance to eliminate blinding trachoma by 2020,GET 2020)列为其防盲工作的主要目标之一。世界卫生组织制定了辨认和命名沙眼的简化分级系统及以社区干预为基础的防治沙眼的SAFE策略,此后10余年各国对此策略进行了不断推广、执行,目前世界上沙眼的流行趋势较之此前有了一定的变化,我国也启动了“计划2016年前在中国根治致盲性沙眼”的防盲工作。本文就SAFE策略推广以来沙眼诊断、治疗及流行趋势等方面的进展做一综述。     

Tonometry and the Elasticity of the Eye

This paper deals with the behaviour of the eye as an elastic body. An elastic body is one which tends to completely recover its original form following deformation.