高血压对血管内皮功能的影响

目的:探讨高血压的血管内皮功能变化。方法:应用高分辨率超声仪检测我院门诊及住院的高血压患者的肱动脉对反应性充血(血流介导的内皮依赖性血管扩张)的舒张反应.并与健康人进行对比。结果:基础血管内径:高血压组3.89±0.47 mm.健康组3.84±0.455 mm,P>0.05;反应性充血的肱动脉内径的变化百分率:高血压组为7.4±2.83%.健康组为12.40±3.79%.有非常显著差异.P<0.001;含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径的变化百分率:高血压组为14.20±2.90%.健康组为14.22±0.88%(P>0.05)。结论:高血压患者血管内皮功能受损。     

卡维地洛对抗乌头碱诱发的大鼠心律失常作用的研究

评价卡维地洛抗大鼠实验性心律失常的作用 ,探讨其抗心律失常作用的离子通道机理 ,为临床用药提供理论依据。采用乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常模型 ;采用膜片钳技术 ,观察乌头碱、卡维地洛对急性分离的大鼠心室肌细胞钠通道电流 (INa)的影响。结果 :诱发大鼠出现室性早搏、室性心动过速、心室颤动及心脏停搏时 ,对照组及卡维地洛组所用乌头碱的量 (μg)分别为 :室性早搏 :2 1.75± 3.4 7vs 31.81± 2 .0 4 ;室性心动过速 :2 3.5 2± 4 .13vs 36 .0 6± 3.79;心室颤动 :37.6 3± 7.94vs 6 4 .13± 1.4 0 ;心脏停搏 :6 9.31± 1.85vs 84 .6 5± 5 .2 5。利用膜片钳技术观察到 :对照组INa密度为 :5 8.6 3± 11.6 5 pA/pF ;卡维地洛组加入乌头碱后以及再加入卡维地洛后的INa密度分别为73.35± 12 .80 (pA/pF) ;10 .19± 0 .0 2 (pA/pF) ,与自身加药前相比P <0 .0 5。乌头碱及卡维地洛使INaI V曲线分别向下方及向上方移位。结论 :卡维地洛具有抗乌头碱诱发的大鼠心律失常的作用 ,其抗心律失常作用机制之一可能与Ⅰ类抗心律失常药类似 ,即抑制INa。     

State of knowledge of helminth fauna of freshwater fishes of Poland

A total 89 fish and lamprey species has been recorded from Polish freshwater habitats. Twenty-seven of them (30.3%) have not been surveyed for parasitic helminthes. Some of the latter fishes are either rare or not easily accessible. Other live only in specific habitats in scattered localities. An important obstacle for studying parasite faunas of some fishes may be their status on an endangered species. Among the non-surveyed fishes, are those which have been relatively recently introduced to Poland or migrated there on their own. The present paper attempts to review all hitherto not studied helminthologically fish species, their habitats, localities and current protection status.     

高血压降压治疗目标的再认识

根据传统的高血压水平的定义,1993年WHO高血压治疗指南提出血压控制目标为<140/90mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa),但是并非所有患者都必须将血压降至同一水平,而应根据患者情况进行个体化治疗。Framingham进行的一项长达10～12年的心血管事件研究发现,第5年后,正常上限血压[收缩压(SBP     

Lack of correlation of degree of villous atrophy with severity of clinical presentation of coeliac disease

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Both the clinical presentation and the degree of mucosal damage in coeliac disease vary greatly. In view of conflicting information as to whether the mode of presentation correlates with the degree of villous atrophy, we reviewed a large cohort of patients with coeliac disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We correlated mode of presentation (classical, diarrhoea predominant or atypical/silent) with histology of duodenal biopsies and examined their trends over time. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 499 adults, mean age 44.1 years, 68% females. The majority had silent coeliac disease (56%) and total villous atrophy (65%). There was no correlation of mode of presentation with the degree of villous atrophy (p=0.25). Sixty-eight percent of females and 58% of males had a severe villous atrophy (p=0.052). There was a significant trend over time for a greater proportion of patients presenting as atypical/silent coeliac disease and having partial villous atrophy, though the majority still had total villous atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Among our patients the degree of villous atrophy in duodenal biopsies did not correlate with the mode of presentation, indicating that factors other than the degree of villous atrophy must account for diarrhoea in coeliac disease.