健康老年人与老年期痴呆患者血清甲状腺激素及促甲状腺激素的变化

Inordertoinvestigateperipheralthyroxinemetabolismandpi－tuitary－thyroidaxisfunction，changesofserumT３，T４，andTSHinhealthyeldersanddementiaseniorsandtheirrelatioship，wemea－suredserumT３，T４andTSHin５０eldersolderthan８０yearsand３１dementiaelders．Hereisthereport．１Subjectandmethod１．１Subject５０healthyeldersconsistingof３８malesand１２femalesaged８０～９３，meanage（８４．７６±３．９６），wereincludedineldersgroup．Allsubjectshadnohistoryofheart，brainandkidneydiseasesandwereacc…     

Cerebral circulation function treatment machine rehabilitation effect analysis of facial paralysis

１Subjectandmethod１．１SubjectFrom１９９９to２００１，１０１patientsofacutecerebralfacialparalysiswererecruited．Thesepatientsincluded５６menand４５women，aged６to６２years，amongwhom５werelessthan２０yearsofage，１９were２１to２９yearsofage，３１were３０to３９yearsofage，４were４０to４９yearsofageand５weremorethan５０yearsofage．Allthediseaseswereone－sided．Amongthepatients，７８hadhyperemiaofpharynxwall，４hadauricularherpes，１３hadperiostealhyperemia，８６hadretroauricularandsubauralpai…     

Study on red cell immune function in patients with arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction

INTRODUCTIONRoleofredcellimmuneadhererence（RCIA）indiseasesreceivedmoreattentioninrecentyears犤１－３犦．Since１９９２，weinvestigatedRCIAanditsrelationwitharterioscleroticcerebralinfarction犤４犦．MATERIALSANDMETHODSMaterialsStudygroup：Ourpatientswere５０malesand３６femalesofarte－rioscleroticcerebralinfarctionconfirmedaccordingtostandardsproposedintheNationalCerebrovascularDiseaseMeetingin１９９５．Theyareof（５８±６）yearsold．Diseasecoursewaswithin７days．Exclusioncri…     

脑卒中后抑郁状态的相关因素分析

Theconcomitantdepressionafterstrokecaninfluencethestateofillnessandrecoveryoffunctiondisorder．Itsmechanismisnotclearnow．Wetookaclinicalstudyon１２１strokepatientsfromJanuary２００１toDecember２００１，reportedasfollowed．１Subjectsandmethods１．１SubjectsAllthe１２１patientswerein－patientpatientsofdepartmentofneurologyofourhospital，including７４malesand４７females，＜４０yearsold：４cases，４１～５０yearsold：１５cases，５１～６０yearsold：４５cases，６１～７０yearsold：３２cases，７１～…     

髋部骨折的护理

髋部骨折的护理［英］ＰｅｌｌｉｎｏＴＡＡｍＪＮｕｒｓ；－１９９４，９４（４）．－４６～５０女性，特别是绝经后或行双侧卵巢一输卵管切除术者髓部骨折的发病率较男性高１倍，５０岁后，年龄每增加５岁，发病率增加１倍。接诊后使病人健侧卧位，两腿间和后背垫枕头（...     

尿N—乙酰—β—D—氨基葡萄糖苷酶测定在肾病中的应用

对近二年我院６００例病理确诊的肾病患者进行了尿液N－乙酰－B－D－氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）检查并与５０例正常人对照，同时检测血中尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Scr），现报告如下：１材料与方法１．１正常对照组：本院部分职工及来院健康体检者５０例。肾病患者６００例，以肾穿活检病理诊断为依据。１．２随机尿样、宜新鲜，NAG酶试剂盒（长春市汇力生物环境工程技术开发中心生产）同时做尿肌酐测定。仪器：意大利优利Ⅱ型半自动生化分析仪。１．３方法及原理：速率法，在pH４．６条件下，NAG作用于底物CNP－NAG，在４０５nm下测定CN…     

2-氯-4-硝基苯-α-半乳糖-麦芽糖苷作底物直接测定α-淀粉酶

用新底物２－氯－４－硝基苯α－半乳糖－麦芽糖苷直接测定α－淀粉酶，不需辅助酶，延滞时间延短，线性范围宽，试剂稳定性好，不使用ＫＳＣＮ，ＮａＮ３等激活剂，不受内源性葡萄糖苷酶的干扰，与ＥＰＳ法对比相关良好：Ｙ＝１．２７Ｘ＋０．５０，ｒ＝０．９９９０。     

新式剖宫产50例报告

我院自１９９９年９月－１２月，共施行新式剖宫产５０例，现总结如下。１ 临床资料１．１手术指征选择５０例中，胎儿宫内窘迫１０例；头盆不称及骨盆狭窄４例；臀位９例；早破水８例；过期妊娠引产失败４例；枕位异常７例；巨大儿４例；双胎２例；妊高症２例。１．２麻醉选择连续硬膜外麻醉或加强化。１．３手术方法切口位于髂前上棘连线下３ ｃｍ，或Ｐｈａｎｎｅｎｓｔｉｅｌ皱襞上３ ｃｍ，长约 １５ ｃｍ。仅切透皮肤，于切口中央切开皮下脂肪，直达筋膜，用手术刀将筋膜横切约２－３ｃｍ。直剪刀一叶放在筋膜下，一叶放在筋膜上，术…     

外隐斜致视疲劳的融合训练疗效观察

随着年龄的增长，人的调节功能逐渐降低，融合机制功能减弱，使本来有外隐斜的患者发生失代偿。当外隐斜＞４°时，双眼单视受到干扰出现视疲劳症状，甚至出现复视。对工作学习影响极大，为解除此类患者之苦，我们采用融合训练法对其进行矫治以增强其辐辏功能，扩大融合范围，消除视疲劳症状，保持双眼单视功能。结果７～１４岁年龄组融合范围：训练前分开－４．５２±３８８，辐辏＋６５３±４４２；训练后分开－５４６±５４９，辐辏＋１８．６４±８．５２，Ｐ＜０．０１。１５～５１岁年龄组融合范围：训练前分开－４．５０±１．９８，辐辏＋４．４３±２．３２。训练后分开－５．２５±１．９４，辐辏＋２０．５０±７．４９，Ｐ＜０．０１，接受治疗者融合范围扩大，视疲劳症状消失，应用同视机训练辐辏融合功能治疗外隐斜是消除外隐斜致视疲劳的有效方法。     

酶标记孕酮酶联免疫分析

本文将孕酮－３－肟与辣根过氧化酶（ＨＲＰ）偶联，制得酶标记物孕酮－３肟－辣根过氧化酶（Ｐ－３－oxime-ＨＲＰ）。选择１×１０＾－４稀释度抗血清包被４０孔酶标板，１×１０＾－５稀释度抗原作工作浓度进行免疫反应，标准曲线范围０～１２ng，灵敏度为５０pg，结合率与样品孕酮剂量的回归方程式为：Ｙ＝０．６９９４－０．０４４６Ｘ（r＝ －０．９６４７５）     

The immune function injury and its mechanism in drug abuser

Objective:To explore the immune function injury and its mechanism in drug abuser.Methods:The immune function changes in 50 drug abusers were compared with normal healthy populations by detection of the indexes of subgroups of Th cells,transformation rate of lymphocytes,IgA,IgM,IgG,IgE,compliment C3,C4,IL-1,Il-2,IL-6 TNF and NO.Result:In peripheral blood the percentage of Th1 cell,transformation rate of lymphocyte,IgA,IgM,IgG,IgE content,compliment C4,C4,IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,and TNF levels were significantly lower than normal (P&;lt;).01).The value of Th1/Th2 was lower than normal as well(P&;lt;0.05).NO content was significantly higher than normal (P&;lt;0.001).Conclusion:The mechanism of immune function injury in drug abuser might be correlative to direct injury of drugs and their inhibition effect on the thymus-hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis.     

创伤患者血清免疫球蛋白、补体和C-反应蛋白的变化

目的：探讨创伤患者免疫功能的变化及临床意义。方法：３０例创伤术后患者分为创伤组及创伤并发症组,分别在术后第１,７及１４日测定外周血清免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＡ,ＩｇＭ,补体Ｃ３,Ｃ４及Ｃ－反应蛋白（ＣＲＰ）,并与正常对照组进行对比分析。结果：创伤组及创伤并发症组的免疫球蛋白,补体均在术后第１日明显降低,而ＣＲＰ明显升高。     

Interleukin 8 (IL-8) selectively inhibits immunoglobulin E production induced by IL-4 in human B cells

The effect of interleukin 8 (IL-8) on IL-4-induced immunoglobulin E (IgE) production was studied. IL-4 induced IgE and IgG4 production by tonsillar mononuclear cells (MNC) without affecting IgM, IgG1, IgA, IgG2, or IgG3 production. IL-8 inhibited IL-4-induced IgE and IgG4 production, whereas it had no effect on IgM, IgG1, IgA, IgG2, and IgG3 production. The inhibitory effect by IL-8 was specific, since it was blocked by anti-IL-8 mAb, but not by control IgG1. Although interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) also inhibited IgE and IgG4 production by MNC stimulated with IL-4, the inhibitory effect of IL-8 was not mediated by IFN-gamma, since the IL-8-induced inhibition could not be blocked by anti-IFN-gamma. Furthermore, anti-IL-8 mAb had no effect on IFN-gamma-induced inhibition. Moreover, addition of IL-5 or IL-6 did not reverse IL-8-induced inhibition of IgE production. In contrast to these observations with MNC, IL-4 failed to induce IgE and IgG4 production by purified B cells. However, combined treatment of purified B cells cells with IL-4 and anti-CD40 antibody resulted in IgE but not IgG4 production. IL-8 inhibited this IgE production without affecting IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, or IgA production, whereas IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) failed to do so. These results indicate that IL-8 antagonizes IL-4-induced IgE production by directly affecting B cells through a specific mechanism that is different from IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, or PGE2.     

急性心肌梗死合并多器官功能障碍综合征患者血清免疫球蛋白、补体和C-反应蛋白的变化

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)患者免疫功能的变化及临床意义。方法:81例AMI患者分为AMI(A)组及AMI合并MODS(B)组,分别在病后第1、7及14 d测定免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM,补体C3、C4及C-反应蛋白(CRP),并与正常对照组进行对比分析。再根据溶栓情况将81例AMI患者分为常规治疗组、溶栓未通组、溶栓再通组,溶栓后2 h再测定上述指标。结果:两组免疫球蛋白、补体均在病后第1 d明显降低,而CRP明显升高(P<0.05)。A组在病后第7 d免疫球蛋白、补体及CRP均基本恢复正常(P>0.05);而B组在病后第7 d IgG、IgA仍明显低于正常,而CRP更为升高(P<0.01),A组在病后第14 d免疫球蛋白及补体均明显高于正常(P<0.01),而B组免疫球蛋白稍高于正常;CRP下降至接近正常。溶栓再通组免疫球蛋白、补体均明显高于溶栓未通组和常规治疗组:溶栓再通组CRP明显低于溶栓未通组和常规治疗组。结论:AMI后早期免疫功能处于抑制状态,动态观察免疫球蛋白、补体及CRP在血清中的变化可作为AMI患者病情观察的客观指标。     

急性有机磷农药中毒患者体液免疫功能的变化及意义

目的：探讨急性有机磷农药中毒患者体液免疫功能的变化及意义。方法：采用速率散射比浊法检测４５例急性有机磷农药中毒患者及３０例正常人血清ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４水平，并对其中２５例患者作了动态观测。结果：急性有机磷农药中毒患者血清ＩｇＡ高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）；中毒后ＩｇＡ开始升高，中毒第３日和第７日均明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．００１）；ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４与正常对照组比较均无显著性差异（Ｐ均＞０．０５）。结论：急性有机磷农药中毒患者粘膜局部免疫功能增强，并提示胆碱能神经功能亢进     

Immunoglobulin E level in acute Yersinia infection

IgG, IgE, IgA, IgM levels were measured in patients with yersiniosis (generalized or mixed variant). Acute period of the disease (week 1-2) was associated with elevated levels of IgE in 59.1% of the patients which returned to normal on week 4-6. Time course changes in IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations were related to the synthesis of specific antibodies. IgE level rise can be considered a defence mechanism contributing to elimination of yersinia antigens from the body.     

紫外线照射充氧自血回输对白塞氏综合征患者免疫指标及粘附分子的影响

目的 探讨紫外线照射充氧自血回输（UBIO）治疗白塞氏综合征（BS）的作用、疗效及机制。方法 动态观察21例BS患者UBIO治疗前后CD3、CD4、CD8、IgG、IgA、IgM、C3及粘附分子（CD44）变化,以药物治疗10例BS患者为药物对照组,并作疗效比较。结果 UBIO前BS患者的CD3、CD4、CD8、IgG、IgA、IgM、C3均显著低于健康人群,经UBIO作用后上述指标发生了显著性变化,总有效率UBIO组为95%（20/21）,药物组为70%（7/10）。结论 BS患者存在着体液及细胞免疫功能失调,UBIO具有调节免疫功能及粘附分子的作用。     

Oral but Not Parenteral Interleukin (IL)-12 Redirects T Helper 2 (Th2)-type Responses to an Oral Vaccine Without Altering Mucosal IgA Responses

Our past studies have shown that the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) induces T helper type 2 (Th2) responses with systemic IgG1, IgE and mucosal secretory IgA (S-IgA) antibodies (Abs). In this study, recombinant murine IL-12 (rmIL-12) was given either parenterally or orally to mice orally immunized with tetanus toxoid (TT) and CT to determine whether this cytokine could redirect the CT-induced Th2-type responses and what effect this shift would have on S-IgA Ab responses. Intraperitoneal administration of rmIL-12 shifted TT-specific responses toward Th1-type and resulted in CD4⁺ T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-2 with markedly reduced levels of Th2-type cytokines. This cytokine profile was accompanied by increased delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and shifts in serum IgG1 to IgG2a and IgG3 anti-TT Ab responses. Further, serum IgE and S-IgA Ab responses were markedly reduced by parenteral IL-12. When IL-12 complexed to liposomes was given orally both shifts to IgG2a and IgG3 and low IgE Abs again occurred concomitant with enhanced serum IFN-γ and DTH responses. Interestingly, oral rmIL-12 did not result in significant levels of serum IL-12 nor altered S-IgA Ab responses and resulted in higher levels of some Th2-type cytokines both in vitro and in vivo when compared with parenteral IL-12. Our results show that the shifts in systemic immune responses with intact S-IgA Abs which occur after oral delivery of IL-12-liposomes are due to cytokine effects in the Peyer's patches and suggest new strategies for the targeted manipulation of Th1- and Th2-type responses to mucosal vaccines.     

腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术对机体免疫功能影响的比较

目的观察及比较腹腔镜和开腹胆囊切除术后血清免疫球蛋白、补体及T淋巴细胞含量的变化情况．研究两者对免疫功能的影响。方法检测60例（LC及OC各30例）胆囊结石患者术前、术后第1天、第5天的外周血淋巴细胞亚群（CD3、CD4、CD8、CD16＋56及CD19）、免疫球蛋白（IgO、IgA、Iga、IgE）及补体C3、C4含量并进行时照研究。结果LC及OC组免疫球蛋白及补体水平均低于术前，两组间差异无显著性（P〉0.05），但OC组血清C3及IgG术后与术前比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），且下降幅度与LC组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。OC组术后CD3（总T淋巴细胞）、CD4（辅助／诱导T细胞）较术前明显下降，CD4／CD8较术前也明显下降，术后第5天未能恢复正常，与术前比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。而LC组术后第1天仅轻度下降，术后第5天基本恢复术前水平，两组间差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论LC及OC术后早期免疫功能均受到一定程度的抑制，但LC组的免疫功能抑制程度较OC组轻，表明LC时机体的免疫功能影响比OC小。     

Identification of a human OX-40 ligand, a costimulator of CD4+ T cells with homology to tumor necrosis factor

During antigen-induced immune responses, human B cells switch isotype from immunoglobulin M (IgM)-IgD to IgG1-4, IgA1-2, or IgE. In the human, no cytokines have yet been demonstrated to act as switch factors for IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3. In this paper, we report that in response to interleukin 10 (IL-10), anti-CD40 activated tonsillar surface IgD+ (sIgD+) B cells are induced to secrete large amounts of IgM, IgG1, and IgG3 but neither IgG2 nor IgG4. Cord blood purified B cells and lymphocytes from Hyper-IgM patients also produced IgG1 and IgG3 after culture with anti-CD40 and IL-10. In contrast, sIgD- isotype-committed B cells produce IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 when activated through CD40 in the presence of IL-10. Thus, in addition to its growth-promoting and differentiating activities on human B cells, IL-10 may represent a switch factor for IgG1 and IgG3.