乳腺导管原位癌的全数字化钼靶X线诊断

目的探讨乳腺导管原位癌（BDCIS）的全数字化乳腺钼靶X线征象。方法回顾分析30例经手术及病理检查证实为BDCIS的全数字化乳腺钼靶X线表现。常规摄影双侧乳腺轴位（CC位）及侧斜位（MLO位）摄片。结果 30例中26例有病灶内钙化,其中单纯钙化18例,肿块伴钙化3例,结构扭曲伴钙化5例;3例为单纯肿块,其中,边缘光滑、密度均匀的圆形肿块2例,边缘有毛刺、密度不均匀的类圆型肿块1例;1例为单纯结构扭曲。结论 BDCIS全数字化乳腺钼靶X线表现以钙化为主,还应重视肿块、结构扭曲以及局部非对称致密影等征象。     

乳腺MRI对导管原位癌及其微浸润的诊断

目的 探讨乳腺MRI对导管原位癌及其微浸润的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的乳腺导管原位癌及导管原位癌伴微浸润病例 13例,所有病例均于术前行动态增强MRI检查,其中 10例同时行钼靶X线检查.结果 MR检查13例病灶中11例表现为非肿块样强化,10例行钼靶X线检查,1例阴性,以BIRADS分级中的4、5级为MR和X线检查的阳性指标,其正确诊断率差异无统计学意义(P=0.353).以病理结果为金标准,MRI界定病灶范围符合10例,高估2例,钼靶X线符合6例,高估2例,低估1例,差异无统计学意义(P=0.277).结论 乳腺MRI对导管原位癌及导管原位癌伴微浸润有其特征性表现,钼靶X线和MR检查相结合能提高早期导管原位癌的检出率及正确诊断率.     

全数字化乳腺X线摄影对乳腺导管原位癌的诊断价值

目的探讨全数字化乳腺X线摄影(full-field digital mammography,FFDM)对乳腺导管原位癌的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析52例经穿刺或手术病理证实的乳腺导管原位癌的X线摄影表现。结果以恶性钙化为主要征象32例,钙化表现为微细、多形性,呈簇状、群集或段性分布,其中单纯钙化24例,钙化合并局灶性致密8例;表现为肿块8例,其中3例肿块边缘见毛刺;单纯局灶性致密3例;结构扭曲2例;导管造影显示导管内占位性病变3例;X线无异常发现4例。结论 FFDM可以清晰显示微小钙化、小结节、局灶致密及结构扭曲等征象,尤其对微小钙化敏感,对乳腺导管原位癌的诊断具有重要价值。     

微小钙化在乳腺导管原位癌诊断中的意义

目的 探讨微小钙化在乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)X线诊断中的价值.方法 回顾性分析35例DCIS的钼靶X线表现.结果 35例中,钙化31例,占88.6%,其中17例临床触及肿块,占48.6%,14例临床未及乳腺肿块,占40%.钙化形态和导管原位癌分级有统计学关联,线性分支状钙化和泥沙样钙化28例,占钙化病例的90.3%.病理显示钙化27例.结论 微小钙化影对DCIS的诊断具有很高的价值.     

乳腺导管原位癌的钼靶X线诊断(附20例报告)

目的 探讨乳腺导管原位癌的钼靶X线征象.方法 分析20例经手术及病理证实的乳腺导管原位癌的钼靶X线表现.常规摄影双侧乳腺轴位(CC位)及侧斜位(MLO位)摄片.结果 20例中,16例钙化,3例单纯肿块,1例为小灶致密影.结论 导管原位癌(DCIS)X线表现以钙化为主,还应重视肿块、小灶致密影等征象.     

乳腺导管原位癌的影像学评价

乳腺导管原位癌 (ｄｕｃｔａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａｉｎｓｉｔｕ ,ＤＣＩＳ)也称导管内癌 (ｉｎｔｒａｄｕｃｔａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ) ,是指乳腺导管系统内恶性上皮细胞的增殖 ,在镜下 ,其特点是基底膜周围基质无浸润的迹象[1] 。近2 0多年来 ,乳腺Ｘ线摄影技术的应用与发展很快 ,能对微小癌变早期确诊 ,ＤＣＩＳ的发病率急剧上升。现在 ,仅凭乳腺Ｘ线片上的典型异常微小钙化 ,就能提示ＤＣＩＳ的诊断。Ｗｉｎｃｈｅｓｔｅｒ等[2 ] 报道 ,在美国 ,每年新诊断的乳腺癌中 ,12 %～ 15 %为ＤＣＩＳ ,其中 90 %由乳腺摄片发现。ＤＣＩＳ起病隐匿…     

X线检查中乳腺导管原位癌钙化的组织病理学特征

目的 探讨通过乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)X线片上的钙化表现判断DCIS生物学行为的可能性.方法 参照BIRADS标准及最新WHO关于DCIS分类、分级标准,回顾性分析行乳腺X线检查有钙化表现并经手术病理证实的70例DCIS的乳腺X线表现.结果 ①多形不均质钙化与线样分支状钙化在DCIS病理分级中存在显著差异(P＜0.008).②钙化成簇分布与腺叶区段性分布在DCIS病理分级中存在显著差异(P＜0.008).结论 仔细分析乳腺X线检查中钙化灶的形态、分布特点,对推测DCIS的病理分级、评估预后有很大价值.     

BI-RADS超声联合乳腺X线摄影分级诊断乳腺原位癌的临床应用价值

目的探讨BI-RADS超声联合乳腺X线摄影分级诊断乳腺原位癌的临床应用价值。方法对手术病理确诊的乳腺原位癌患者在术前均采用BI-RADS超声和乳腺X线摄影检查,比较两种检查方法单独及联合使用对乳腺原位癌的诊断检出率及诊断分级分类情况。结果 BI-RADS超声与乳腺X线摄影联合检查对乳腺原位癌的诊断符合率(96.88%)明显高于BI-RADS超声或乳腺X线摄影单独检查的检出率(87.50%、76.56%),且差异具有统计学意义。在超声分级诊断中,1级、2级、3级的误诊率分别为1.56%(1/64)、3.13%(2/64)、4.69%(3/64);在乳腺X线摄影分类诊断中,I类、II类、III类的误诊率分别为3.13%(2/64)、4.69%(3/64)、15.63%(10/64)。经统计学分析发现,在3级或Ⅲ类分级中,乳腺X线摄影检查的误诊率明显高于超声,且差异具有统计学意义。另外,超声在4级和5级诊断中敏感性分别为40.63%(26/64)、50.00%(32/64);乳腺X线摄影在IV类和V类诊断中敏感性分别为26.56%(17/64)、50.00%(32/64);经统计学分析发现,在4级或V类分级中,超声检查的敏感性明显高于乳腺X线摄影,且差异具有统计学意义。结论超声和乳腺X线摄影联合应用准确性更高,明显高于两者单独应用。     

乳腺导管原位癌伴微浸润与导管原位癌的临床病理及X线表现对比分析

目的对比分析乳腺导管原位癌伴微浸润(DCISM)与导管原位癌(DCIS)的X线及临床病理表现及DCISM的预测因子。方法收集2016年1月至2020年7月在青岛大学附属医院经手术病理证实的DCISM及DCIS患者626例,患者术前均接受乳腺X摄影检查。参照乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)标准对DCISM与DCIS患者X线表现进行分类诊断。采用χ²检验或Fisher确切概率法分析DCISM与DCIS患者临床病理及X线表现的差异性,应用单因素和多因素二元logistic回归分析探讨与DCISM相关的危险因素。结果626例患者中,DCISM患者171例,DCIS患者455例。单因素回归分析表明,肿瘤直径≥2.7cm、高核级别、粉刺性坏死、淋巴结阳性、Ki67高表达、雌激素受体及孕激素受体阴性是DCISM的预测因子(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,肿瘤直径≥2.7cm(OR 2.229,95%CI 1.505~3.301,P<0.001)、高核级别(OR 1.711,95%CI 1.018~2.875,P=0.043)、淋巴结阳性(OR 4.140,95%CI 1.342~12.773,P=0.013)是DCISM的独立预测因子(P<0.05)。乳腺X线摄影中,DCIS与DCISM患者的病变类型、有无钙化及钙化分布差异具有统计学意义(χ²分别为17.42、9.65、9.10,P<0.05),17.6%(80/455)的DCIS患者表现为隐匿性病变,49.1%(84/171)的DCISM表现为钙化伴肿块、非对称致密、结构扭曲。团簇状钙化多见于DCIS(41.5%,120/289),而区域性钙化在DCISM中更普遍(35.9%,47/131)。结论乳腺X线摄影表现为钙化性病变及区域性钙化在DCISM中更常见。肿瘤直径≥2.7cm、高核级别、淋巴结阳性是DCISM的独立预测因子。     

乳腺导管癌的乳腺钼靶与磁共振增强扫描的对比研究

目的比较全数字化乳腺摄影(full-field digital mammography,FFDM)、磁共振(MRI)增强扫描对乳腺导管癌的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的30例乳腺导管癌,所有病例均行FFDM、MRI增强检查。观察X线特征,根据美国放射学会乳腺影像报告和数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS)进行分级,3级及以下的级别考虑为良性,4A级及以上的为恶性;MRI根据病灶增强表现,绘制时间-信号强度曲线诊断病灶的良、恶性。影像诊断与病理结果对照,比较二者对导管癌的检出情况及诊断准确率。结果 30例乳腺导管癌中,FFDM检出13例肿瘤呈单纯结节或肿块,肿块伴有的钙化12例,5例病灶表现为单纯簇状钙化,同侧腋下淋巴结肿大7例。FFDM诊断4A以上病例26例,3级及以下的病例4例;MRI增强扫描检出肿块或结节27例,发现钙化5例,同侧腋下淋巴结肿大10例。时间-信号强度曲线8例呈Ⅱ型曲线,22例呈Ⅲ型曲线。FFDM正确诊断乳腺导管癌24例,MRI增强扫描正确诊断为26例,二者结合正确诊断27例。FFDM、增强MRI及FFDM+增强MRI对导管癌的诊断符合率分别为80%、86.7%、90%。结论 FFDM操作简单,对导管癌的簇状钙化检出率高于增强MRI,诊断敏感性较高,是筛查乳腺导管癌,尤其导管原位癌的首选,增强MRI对乳腺导管癌肿块及同侧腋下淋巴结检出情况高于FFDM,在乳腺导管癌定性方面有重要作用,是乳腺导管癌进行术前评价的有效方法。二者结合应用可以提高乳腺导管癌的诊断正确率。     

钼靶结合MRI对乳腺导管原位癌诊断价值的探讨

目的:分析乳腺导管原位癌的X线及MRI表现,评价钼靶结合MRI对DCIS术前诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的乳腺DCIS病例13例,所有病例均于术前行动态增强MRI和钼靶X线检查,同时行免疫组化标记。结果:①将病灶的X线表现分成恶性钙化、中间性钙化和非钙化3组,PR与C-erbB-2在3组中的分布有统计性意义(P<0.05);②13例病灶中11例MR表现为非肿块样强化,以BI-RADS分级中的4、5级为MR和X线检查的阳性指标,其正确诊断率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:DCIS的钼靶X线表现可以作为乳腺DCIS的预后因子,乳腺MRI对导管原位癌及导管原位癌伴微浸润有特征性表现,钼靶X线和MR检查相结合能提高早期导管原位癌的检出率及正确诊断率。     

磁共振扩散加权成像联合动态增强评估乳腺导管内癌与乳腺浸润癌的比较研究

目的：探讨乳腺导管内癌（DCIS）与浸润癌（IC）在动态增强磁共振成像（DCE-MRI）和扩散加权成像（DWI）上的影像特征,提高其影像诊断水平。方法回顾性分析10例DCIS患者（病灶13个）及10例 IC患者（病灶10个）的DCE-M RI及DWI图像,分析病灶强化形态特征、时间信号强度曲线并定量分析 ADC值。结果依据强化形态特征：DCIS强化以非块样强化中的段样强化为主,IC强化以块样强化为主,两者间差异具有统计学意义。依据时间信号强度曲线：DCIS和IC均以流出型为主,无显著性差异。依据ADC值：DCIS的平均ADC值约为（1．036±0．25）×10^-3 mm^2/s , IC的平均ADC值约为（0．79±0．20）×10^-3 mm^2/s ,两者间差异具有统计学意义。结论结合病灶强化形态特征及ADC值,DCE-M RI联合DWI有助于乳腺导管内癌及浸润癌的鉴别诊断,提高影像诊断水平。     

Ductal carcinoma in situ: correlations between high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology

Purpose The aim of this retrospective study was to determine and correlate contrast-enhanced areas and multiple internal dark dots and lines on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) with findings in surgical specimens of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to evaluate the ability of HR-MRI to detect DCIS lesions and clarify HR-MRI features characteristic of DCIS. Materials and methods This study retrospectively reviewed 11 patients diagnosed with DCIS who had undergone HR-MRI. Pathological findings and results of HR-MRI were compared, and causes of periductal enhancements were analyzed. Results In all patients, HR-MRI using microscopic coils revealed ductally, segmentally, or regionally enhanced areas containing multiple dark dots and lines, representing local enhancement of stroma adjacent to the mammary duct containing DCIS. Neovascularization, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and focal edema occurred in enhanced periductal stroma. Poorly enhanced linear or dot-like structures correlated with dilated mammary ducts displaying necrosis and tumor impaction. Conclusion DCIS was successfully depicted on HR-MRI using a microscopy coil in all 11 cases. Ductal, segmental, or regional areas of enhancement with multiple dark dots and lines on HR-MRI corresponded to mammary glands containing DCIS with periductal enhancement.     

Differentiation between ductal carcinoma in situ and mastopathy using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and a model of contrast enhancement

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to differentiate between ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and mastopathy by analyzing their time-intensity curves (TICs) using the two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with an assumption of instantaneous injection of contrast medium (TCPM).After the pre-contrast MRI was performed using a 1.5 T MRI system, DCE-MRI was performed four times after the intravenous administration of contrast medium. We set the volumes of interest (VOIs) on the tumor and normal mammary gland, and obtained the TICs in these VOIs. We calculated the following parameters by fitting these TICs to the equation derived from TCPM; the initial slope of the TIC (Slope_ini), the area under the TIC (AUC), the time to peak enhancement (TTP) and the peak enhancement (PeakE). We calculated these parameters in both the lesion and normal mammary gland and the ratios of the parameters in the lesion to those in the normal gland (rSlope_ini, rAUC, rTTP and rPeakE).There were significant differences in Slope_ini (P = 0.009), PeakE (P = 0.019), rSlope_ini (P = 0.010), and rTTP (P = 0.005) between DCIS and mastopathy. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for Slope_ini, PeakE, rSlope_ini, and rTTP were 0.67 ± 0.06 (P = 0.009), 0.65 ± 0.06 (P = 0.019), 0.67 ± 0.06 (P = 0.01), and 0.68 ± 0.06 (P = 0.005), respectively.In conclusion, our results suggest that analysis of TICs obtained by DCE-MRI using TCPM appears to be useful for differentiating between DCIS and mastopathy.     

MRI morphological classification of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) correlating with different biological behavior

Objective

To investigate morphological appearance of ductal carcinoma in situ of breast on MRI and to correlate the appearances with some factors.

Methods and materials

MRI feature of 41 DCISs were analyzed retrospectively according to ACR BI-RADS, twenty-three of the 41 were pure DCIS and 18 were DCIS with microinvasion (DCIS-MI). The shape was categorized as mass lesion and non-mass-like lesion. The shape was correlated with histological grade, ER status and expression of e-erbB2 as well as pure DCIS or DCIS-MI.

Results

Percentage of high grade in non-mass-like lesion was higher than that in mass type group, Average size of tumor in group of high grade, negative ER status and positive c-erbB2 expression were larger than that in non-high grade, positive ER status and negative c-erbB2 expression. Comparing pure DCIS and DCIS-MI, high grade in DCIS-MI was significantly higher than that in pure DCIS, Average size of DCIS-MI was larger than that in pure DCIS. Percentage of non-mass-like lesion was higher in DCIS-IM than that in pure DCIS, the difference was marginally significant.

Conclusion

DCIS can be classified as mass type and non-mass-like type morphologically on MRI. The two types reflect different biological behavior.     

乳腺导管原位癌及微浸润的MR影像学表现

目的 总结乳腺导管原位癌及其微浸润的MR影像学表现.方法 回顾性分析经手术和病理证实的乳腺导管原位癌和微浸润病例30例.所有病例均于术前进行MR成像.结果 MR检出所有病例,敏感性为100％.10例呈肿块样强化(33.3％).20例呈非肿块样强化(66.7％).内部强化不均匀4例(20％),强化均匀2例(10％),内部卵石状强化和簇状小环状强化共11例(55％),另3例病灶呈点簇状强化(15％).所有病例时间-信号强度(TIC)曲线呈流出型12例,平台型18例.结论 乳腺导管原位癌及其微浸润的MR特征性表现为非肿块样强化并其内部卵石状及簇状小环状强化,时间-信号强度曲线呈平台型及流出型.