灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分研究

目的 研究灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分.方法 应用溶剂萃取及柱色谱方法分离灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分,通过波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从灰毡毛忍冬花蕾中分离得到7个化合物,其中1个单萜苷类成分、2个香豆素苷类成分、1个三萜皂苷类成分、3个黄酮苷类成分,分别为(2E,6E)-3,7-二甲基-8-羟基八二烯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、6-甲氧基香豆素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(东莨菪苷)(Ⅱ)、香豆素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(茵芋苷)(Ⅲ)、齐墩果酸皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1-6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯(Ⅳ)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ为首次从忍冬属中分得.     

罗布麻花化学成分研究

目的研究新疆产罗布麻花的化学成分。方法硅胶柱色谱和薄层色谱进行分离和纯化,通过理化性质和光谱分析鉴定其结构。结果从罗布麻花中分离鉴定了3个香豆素类和6个黄酮类化合物,分别为东莨菪素(Ⅰ)、异白蜡树定(Ⅱ)、秦皮甲素(Ⅲ)、山柰酚(Ⅳ)、槲皮素(Ⅴ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、芸香苷(Ⅷ)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅸ)。结论以上Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ化合物为首次从该植物花中分离而得。     

维药蜀葵花黄酮类成分的分离与结构鉴定

[目的]对维药蜀葵花[Althaea rosea(Linn.)Cavan.]中的黄酮类成分进行研究。[方法]采用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱及高效液相色谱手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与波谱分析方法鉴定化合物的结构。[结果]从蜀葵花体积分数为95%的乙醇提取物中分离了9个黄酮类单体成分,分别为木犀草素(1)、木犀草素-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、山奈酚(3)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-反式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-顺式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-阿魏酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(8)、山奈酚-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)。[结论]化合物6、7为首次从蜀葵属中分离得到,9为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

诃子中棓酰葡萄糖和大戟中黄酮醇苷棓酸酯及其对HIV—1整合酶的抑制

HIV-1整合酶是 HIV 生命周期中的关键酶。作者以生物活性为导向,从诃子 Ter-minalia chebula Retz.果实中分得4个 HIV-1整合酶(IN)抑制成分:桔酸(1)、1,3,6-三O-桔酰-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(2)、1,2,3,4,6-五-O-桔酰-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(3)和诃子酸(4);从大戟 Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr.地上部分中得到4个有桔酰基团的黄酮醇苷桔酸酯:槲皮素-3-O-(2″-O-桔酰)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-O-桔酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O(2″-O-桔酰)-芸香糖苷(7)和山柰酚-3-O-(2″-O-桔酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8),它们也显示抑制 HIV-1的活性。     

细梗胡枝子化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

目的研究细梗胡枝子Lespedeza virgata全草的化学成分。方法采用多种色谱技术对其醋酸乙酯部分进行分离和纯化,根据光谱数据和理化性质鉴定化合物结构。结果分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别鉴定为槲皮素-3′-甲醚(Ⅰ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(Ⅱ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅳ)、槲皮素(Ⅴ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅶ)、山柰酚(Ⅷ)、正三十烷醇(Ⅸ)、正三十四烷酸(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ为首次从胡枝子属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅲ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

番石榴叶中抗氧化活性成分的研究

摘 要：目的 研究番石榴Psidium guajava叶的活性成分,为开发番石榴叶资源提供依据。方法 以抗氧化活性为指标,运用多种柱色谱等现代分离手段对番石榴叶60%乙醇提取物进行活性追踪分离;根据理化性质和波谱学分析鉴定了化合物的结构,并评价了其抗氧化活性。结果 分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为儿茶素(1)、鸢尾酚酮-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、山柰酚(3)、槲皮素(4)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-芥子酸)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(番石柳叶苷A,9)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-阿魏酸)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(10)、顺式对香豆酸-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)、去甲氧基荚果蕨素(12)。结论 对分离得到的11个化合物进行抗氧化活性测试,其中化合物4、5、6显示较强活性,1、3、7、8显示中等强度活性。化合物2、10、11、12为首次从番石榴属植物中分离得到,化合物9为新化合物。     

掌叶覆盆子的化学成分研究

目的 对蔷薇科悬钩子属植物掌叶覆盆子(Rubus chingii Hu)的果实进行化学成分研究.方法 对掌叶覆盆子果实的甲醇提取物进行柱色谱,根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构.结果 分离得到7个已知化合物,分别为山柰酚(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(Ⅱ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甲酯(Ⅴ)、对羟基苯甲酸(Ⅵ)、三十一烷(Ⅶ).结论 除了化合物Ⅵ,其他化合物均为首次从本植物中分离得到.     

少药八角果实中的黄酮类成分研究

目的分离并鉴定少药八角Illicium oligandrum果实中的黄酮类成分。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱和ODS反相柱色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,应用核磁共振和质谱等现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从少药八角果实的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为:山柰酚(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(Ⅱ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(Ⅲ)、异=鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅳ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷(Ⅴ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅵ)、二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅶ)、二氢山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅷ)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅸ)、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅹ)、异鼠李素-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅺ)。结论11个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中,化合物Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅺ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

芫花化学成分研究

目的:研究芫花(Daphne genkwa)的化学成分。方法:使用色谱技术对芫花醇提物进行分离和纯化,根据理化常数和波谱数据对化合物的结构进行鉴定。结果:共鉴定出10个化合物,分别为芫花素(genkwanin,1)、3′-羟基芫花素(3′-hydroxygenkwanin,2)、芹菜素(apigenin, 3)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-(6″-P-香豆酰)-吡喃葡萄糖苷［kaempferol-3-O-β-D-(6″-P-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside,-4］、芫根苷(yuenkanin,5)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside,6)、木犀草素-7-甲氧基-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-7-O-methylether-3′-O-β-D-glucoside, 7 )、芫花素-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(genkwanin-5-O-β-D-glucoside,-8)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,9)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,10)。结论:化合物6～8为首次从该植物中分得。     

过山蕨中黄酮类成分的研究

目的 研究过山蕨(Camptosorus sibiricus Rupr.)中黄酮类化学成分.方法 采用反复硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱法、高效液相色谱法等进行分离纯化,并通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定了其化学结构.结果 从过山蕨70%乙醇提取物中分离得到6个黄酮类化合物,并鉴定其结构为:山柰酚(1);山柰酚-7.0-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2);山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3);山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4);山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5);山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-α-L-鼠李糖基-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(6).结论 化合物2,3,4,5,6均为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.