空气波压力治疗仪在全髋关节置换术后预防下肢深静脉血栓形成中的应用

目的探讨空气波压力治疗仪在全髋关节置换术后预防下肢静脉血栓及减少肿胀中的应用效果。方法将本科2007年12月~2009年6月62例行全髋关节置换术后患者,按随机原则分为实验组和对照组,对照组采用肢体术后常规护理,实验组在对照组基础上加空气波压力治疗仪辅助治疗(30min/次,1次/d,7d为1个疗程,连续2个疗程),观察2组患者治疗前后肢体周径、血栓发生率和患肢冷感评分。结果经14d治疗后,实验组患者冷感评分降低,与治疗前和对照组比较差异有显著性意义(p<0.05);且实验组肢体周径缩小、血栓发生率明显低于对照组(p<0.05)。结论空气波压力治疗仪能有效预防全髋关节置换术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成并减少肿胀,且安全舒适、经济实用。     

空气波压力治疗在预防髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓中的研究

目的探讨空气波压力治疗仪在髋关节置换术后预防下肢深静脉血栓形成中的作用。方法把80例髋关节置换术患者随机分为试验组40例,对照组40例。试验组术后4d采用空气波压力治疗仪治疗双下肢,对照组行常规治疗与护理联合个人行为功能锻炼。比较两组患者患肢疼痛程度、肿胀指数、凝血综合指数及下肢深静脉血栓的发生率,研究时间为10d。结果治疗后10d时试验组的疼痛分数为2.26±0.78、肿胀指数为5.66±2.06、凝血综合指数为2.36±1.08、下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率为2.5%;对照组的疼痛分数为2.98±1.87、肿胀指数为6.98±1.99、凝血综合指数为3.18±1.38、下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率为20.0%。试验组疼痛分数、肿胀指数、凝血综合指数及下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论空气波压力治疗仪对预防髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成有较好的效果,并且安全方便。     

空气波压力治疗预防全膝关节置换后下肢深静脉血栓

背景：大量文献研究表明,空气波压力治疗在预防髋部大手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成中有重要作用。目的：探讨空气波压力治疗仪对预防全膝关节置换后下肢深静脉血栓的效果。方法：80例全膝关节置换患者随机数字表法均分为试验组和对照组,对照组行常规治疗与护理加个人行为功能锻炼,试验组在对照组基础上,置换后第2天采用空气波压力治疗仪治疗双下肢;比较两组患者患肢肿胀指数、凝血综合指数及发生下肢深静脉血栓的例数。结果与结论：治疗后2周,试验组肿胀指数、凝血综合指数及发生下肢深静脉血栓的例数明显减少,其效果明显优于对照组,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。全膝关节置换后早期应用空气波压力治疗仪能有效缓解患肢肿胀,改善凝血综合指数,改善患者的血凝状态,预防人工全膝关节置换后的下肢深静脉血栓形成。     

间歇梯度压力治疗仪辅助治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成疗效观察与护理

目的 观察下肢深静脉血栓形成患者术后使用间歇梯度压力治疗仪对减轻肢体肿胀、疼痛的影响。方法 分为照组与治疗组，两组均在术后固定时间测量患肢大腿周径并与健肢比较。对照组行术后常规护理，治疗组在常规护理的基础上使用间歇梯度压力治疗仪对患肢进行辅助治疗。结果 治疗组在术后第2、4、6天患肢与健肢大腿周径差值均小于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论 急性下肢深静脉血栓形成患者术后应用间歇梯度压力治疗仪辅助治疗，配合积极的护理，疗效明显。     

空气波压力治疗仪预防长期卧床患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的研究

目的 研究空气波压力治疗仪用于预防长期卧床患者下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的效果.方法将62例长期卧床患者随机分为实验组及对照组,每组各31例,两组均采用常规预防方法.实验组每日使用空气波压力治疗仪治疗2次,30 min/次,10d为1疗程,连续应用2个疗程.对照组未使用治疗仪.对两组患者DVT发生率及肿胀、疼痛、舒适度方面进行观察比较.结果 实验组下肢DVT.的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.01),且空气波压力治疗仪在消除肿胀、减轻疼痛及提高舒适度方面效果明显.结论 空气波压力治疗仪能有效预防长期卧床患者下肢DVT,且安全、舒适.     

空气波压力治疗仪预防骨折患者深静脉血栓的疗效观察

选取收治的88例下肢骨折患者,分为观察组)和对照组各44例,对照组给予常规预防方法,观察组在对照组基础上加用空气波压力治疗仪。对比两组深静脉血栓发生率和治疗前后肢围的变化。观察组发生DVT2例,对照组11例,两组差异对比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组在应用空气波压力治疗仪后减轻疼痛、消除肿胀和提高舒适度方面效果显著。空气波压力治疗仪预防骨折患者深静脉血栓效果明显,安全便捷,即促进患肢消肿作用,还能提高患者舒适度,可有效预防骨折患者深静脉血栓形成,值得临床推广和应用。     

气压治疗仪对预防骨科病人术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的:探讨气压治疗仪对预防骨科病人术后深静脉血栓形成的影响。方法:将60例骨科术后病人随机分为对照组和观察组各30例,对照组采用人工按摩治疗,观察组使用气压治疗仪治疗,比较两组病人术后下肢肿胀程度和下肢深静脉血栓形成情况。结果:观察组病人术后患肢肿胀程度、下肢深静脉血栓形成情况均明显低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:骨科病人术后应用气压治疗仪可有效的预防下肢深静脉血栓的形成,减轻患肢肿胀程度。     

空气波压力治疗仪对预防全髋关节置换术后并发深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的 探讨空气波压力治疗仪(IPC)对预防全髋关节置换术(THA)后并发下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的治疗作用.方法 将62例THA后患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组31例.实验组于手术麻醉消失后即介入IPC进行患肢的多腔气囊顺序充放气,形成对肢体和组织的循环压力;对照组则于手术麻醉消失后按常规方法进行患肢股四头肌舒缩及踝泵运动,术后2～7 d拔除创腔引流管后再加上膝关节的屈伸活动.结果 实验组DVT发生率为3.23%,对照组DVT发生率为22.58%,实验组预防DVT效果显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 应用IPC对THA后患者患肢进行治疗可明显减少DVT的发生.     

空气压力波治疗仪在预防结直肠肿瘤患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成中的作用

目的探讨空气压力波治疗仪在预防结直肠肿瘤患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成中的作用。方法将2014年11月-2015年10月55例住院治疗的结直肠肿瘤患者设为对照组,术前后实施常规护理,术后鼓励患者尽早下床活动;将2015年11月-2016年11月55例住院住院治疗的结直肠肿瘤患者设为观察组,在对照组基础上,于术后24h采用空气压力波治疗仪进行治疗,每次治疗30min,2次/d,共治疗7d。比较术前和术后7d两组患者凝血功能、下肢深静脉血流速度及下肢深静脉血栓发生情况。结果术后7d,观察组患者纤维蛋白原和D-二聚体值低于对照组;下肢深静脉血流速度高于对照组;下肢深静脉血栓发生率低于对照组(P0.01或P0.05)。结论采用空气压力波治疗仪能提高结直肠术后患者下肢深静脉血流速度,从而降低下肢深静脉血栓的发生。     

穴位敷贴配合空气波压力循环治疗仪治疗中风偏瘫后肢体肿胀

【】目的：观察穴位敷贴治疗配合空气波压力循环治疗仪治疗中风偏瘫后肢体肿胀的临床疗效。方法：将86例中风偏瘫后肢体肿胀患者随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,对照组给予中医常规穴位敷贴治疗及肢体康复训练,治疗组在对照组基础上采用穴位敷贴配合空气波压力循环治疗仪对患肢进行治疗,10d为1疗程,2个疗程后观察患肢的周径变化及临床疗效。结果：治疗组患肢的周径明显减小,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P<0．05);治疗组总有效率82%,对照组总有效率66.7%,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0．05)。结论 ：穴位敷贴治疗配合空气波压力循环治疗仪能明显改善中风偏瘫后肢体肿胀。     

Central venous catheters and central venous pressure

Central venous catheters are increasingly being used in a variety of clinical areas outside critical care. Philip Woodrow examines the indications, measuring techniques and complications associated with central venous pressure monitoring.     

Comparison of non-invasive peripheral venous saturations with venous blood co-oximetry

The estimation of venous oxygen saturations using photoplethysmography (PPG) may be useful as a noninvasive continuous method of detecting changes in regional oxygen supply and demand (e.g. in the splanchnic circulation). The aim of this research was to compare PPG-derived peripheral venous oxygen saturations directly with venous saturation measured from co-oximetry blood samples, to assess the feasibility of non-invasive local venous oxygen saturation. This paper comprises two similar studies: one in healthy spontaneously-breathing volunteers and one in mechanically ventilated anaesthetised patients. In both studies, PPG-derived estimates of peripheral venous oxygen saturations (SxvO₂) were compared with co-oximetry samples (ScovO₂) of venous blood from the dorsum of the hand. The results were analysed and correlation between the PPG-derived results and co-oximetry was tested for. In the volunteer subjects,moderate correlation (r = 0.81) was seen between SxvO₂ values and co-oximetry derived venous saturations (ScovO₂), with a mean (±SD) difference of +5.65 ± 14.3% observed between the two methods. In the anaesthetised patients SxvO₂ values were only 3.81% lower than SpO₂ and tended to underestimate venous saturation (mean difference = –2.67 ± 5.89%) while correlating weakly with ScovO₂ (r = 0.10). The results suggest that significant refinement of the technique is needed to sufficiently improve accuracy to produce clinically meaningful measurement of peripheral venous oxygen saturation. In anaesthetised patients the use of the technique may be severely limited by cutaneous arteriovenous shunting.     

A new top-loading venous bag provides vacuum-assisted venous drainage

A new venous bag has been developed, prototyped, and tested. The new bag has its inlet, outlet purge, and infusion tubes extending upward from the top of the bag, and are threaded through, bonded to, and sealed within a flat rigid top plate. This design allows the bag to be hung from its top plate by its tubes. It also allows the bag to be: 1) dropped into or removed from its holder, as is done with existing hard-shell reservoirs so that its weight pulls it into the holder without the need for eyelets and hooks and 2) placed closer to the floor so that gravity drainage is facilitated. The V-Bag (VB) is easily sealed within an accompanying rigid housing. Once sealed, vacuum applied to the housing is transmitted across the flexible walls of the bag to the venous blood. Thus, vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD) is obtained as it is with a hard-shell reservoir, but without any contact of air with the blood. Bench tests, using a circuit that simulated the venous side of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit, showed that applying suction to the housing increased venous flow, and the fractional increase in flow was not a function of the venous cannula, but of the level of vacuum applied. In the gravity drainage mode, the bubble counts at the outlet of the V-Bag compared to two other bags were lower at any pumping condition. When used in the VAVD mode, bubble counts were two orders of magnitude lower than when using kinetically assisted venous drainage (KAVD) with a centrifugal pump. Results obtained with the VB suggest its clinical usefulness.     

静脉留置针在小儿输液中的应用

目的:比较静脉留置针和头皮针在小儿静脉输液中的应用情况.方法:80例0～4岁需输液7 d以上的小儿随机分为静脉留置针组(A组)和头皮针组(B组),研究连续输液7 d患儿的情况.A组患儿在第1 d静脉留置针穿刺输液后静脉留置针予以保留供以后6 d使用.B组患儿在第1 d静脉输液后拔掉静脉头皮针,以后每天输液时都重新穿刺.记录两组患儿第1 d静脉穿刺的次数、每天输液后两组患儿的针眼数量和穿刺部位肿胀情况、输液时哭闹情况,7 d后对两组患儿的家长进行满意度调查.结果:两组患儿第1 d静脉穿刺的次数、针眼数量、穿刺局部无差异,随着输液天数的增加A组患儿的针眼数量,穿刺局部肿胀基本不变,除第1 d穿刺哭闹外,以后很少哭闹,患儿家长都满意或基本满意这种输液方法,都表示以后愿意接受该方法.而随着输液天数的增加B组患儿的针眼数量、局部肿胀在不断增加,与A组比较差异显著(P＜0.05).结论:需要多天静脉输液的小儿静脉留置针较头皮针有明显优势.