江门地区两种淡水鱼华支睾吸虫感染情况调查

目的了解江门地区鲩鱼和鳙鱼两种常见食用淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴的感染情况。方法用人工消化法对鱼肉进行处理,显微镜下检查和计数鱼肉中的华支睾吸虫囊蚴。结果在江门市的蓬江区、新会区和鹤山市三地共检查鲩鱼484条,阳性232条,华支睾吸虫感染率47.93%,阳性鱼平均感染度为6.69个/尾;在蓬江区和新会区共检查鳙鱼286条,阳性45条,华支睾吸虫感染率15.73%,阳性鱼平均感染度为2.27个/尾。结论江门地区的鲩鱼和鳙鱼华支睾吸虫感染严重,鲩鱼感染率高于鳙鱼。蓬江区、新会区和鹤山市三地间淡水鱼的华支睾吸虫感染率也存在差异。     

同一鱼塘中3种鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染度的调查

珠江三角洲是华支睾吸虫 (Clonorchis sinensis)的主要分布区。虽然随着人们防病意识的增强 ,使许多地区塘鱼的华支睾吸虫的感染有所降低 ,但由于当地人群独特的饮食习惯使华支睾吸虫的感染仍然普遍存在 [1 ]。本实验对广东顺德市杏坛镇同一鱼塘中的 3种鱼进行了华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染度的调查 ,以了解不同鱼类对华支睾吸虫囊蚴的感染情况。1　材料和方法1.1　鱼的来源　 3种鱼均来源于广东省顺德市杏坛镇某同一鱼塘。选择其中的草鱼 (Ctenopharygodon idellus) 5 0条 (平均体重 2 .8g/条 )、鳙鱼 (Aristichthys nobilis) 5 0条 (平均体重 9.…     

芜湖水域麦穗鱼感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴的调查

目的 旨在了解芜湖地区部分水域野生麦穗鱼感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴情况,为华支睾吸虫病的防治工作提供参考。方法 从芜湖地区部分水域(牛屯河、扁担河、漳河、奎湖和龙窝湖)捕捞麦穗鱼,采用鱼肉直接压片镜检法和胃蛋白酶消化法从麦穗鱼肌肉中分离囊蚴,并利用获得的囊蚴感染家猫,证实麦穗鱼所感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴。结果 芜湖5个水域中的麦穗鱼均有华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染,其平均感染率为34% (34/100),平均感染度为120.1个/条,且阳性麦穗鱼背部肌肉(前背肌肉、中背肌肉、后背肌肉)均有华支睾吸虫囊蚴的感染,腹部肌肉和尾部肌肉的感染率较低。结论 芜湖地区部分水域野生麦穗鱼感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴的情况较为普遍,应加强宣传和防治工作,以防止华支睾吸虫病的流行。     

邳州市和新沂市华邳州市和新沂市华支睾吸虫第二中间宿主流行病行病学调查

目的了解江苏省邳州市和新沂市华支睾吸虫在淡水鱼中的流行状况,为下一步的防治提供科学依据。方法在邳州市和新沂市自然水域中抓取野生麦穗鱼和棒花鱼,用压片镜检法检测鱼体内的华支睾吸虫囊蚴,分析感染数据。结果共解剖麦穗鱼和棒花鱼1 117条,其中麦穗鱼792条(占70.90%),棒花鱼325条(占29.10%)。麦穗鱼和棒花鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴总感染率分别为29.80%(236/792)和4.62%(15/325),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=83.88,P0.01)。结论新沂市和邳州市淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染率较高,当地居民面临着较高的感染华支睾吸虫的风险。     

广州珠三角地区家猫自然感染华支睾吸虫的调查及豚鼠模型的构建北大核心CSCD

目的了解广州珠三角地区家猫自然感染华支睾吸虫状况,观察豚鼠感染华支睾吸虫后肝组织病理变化。方法解剖当地家猫,取肝脏,检查华支睾吸虫感染情况,阳性肝脏收集成虫,并取肝组织制作切片;采集阳性鱼,分离华支睾吸虫囊蚴,经口感染豚鼠,60个囊蚴/只,60d后解剖豚鼠,检查肝脏,收集成虫,取病变肝组织制作切片,作病理检查。实验设未感染对照组。结果当地猫华支睾吸虫自然感染率为41.47%(214/516);感染豚鼠华支睾吸虫成虫回收率50.83%(305/600)。与对照组比较,实验组豚鼠肝脏肿大,边缘呈球状隆起,部分肝叶表面可见水泡状凸起病变,水泡内液清亮;病变组织横切面可见胆管管壁增厚,管腔内有华支睾吸虫成虫寄生;镜下可见华支睾吸虫虫卵切面,周围大量炎症细胞浸润,胆管管壁增厚,管周纤维组织增生伴胆管扩张,肝小叶结构破坏。结论广州珠三角地区家猫华支睾吸虫感染率较高。豚鼠是华支睾吸虫合适的终末宿主,且肝脏病变明显。     

四川省绵阳地区华支睾吸虫病自然疫源地的调查

本文报告了四川绵阳地区华支睾吸虫病自然疫源地的调查研究,结果证实11个县有9个县为华支睾吸虫病自然疫源地。人群感染率平均为10.90％(2479/27734)。各年龄组均有感染,以青少年受染较重,有别于陈祖泽等报道的广东省感染特点。查明赤豆螺和纹沿螺及19种淡水鱼类为华支睾吸虫的第一、二中间宿主,华支睾吸虫携带率前者0.19％(20/10710),后者为21.89％(366/1672)。保虫宿主感染率为45.56％(128/281)。水分地势与华支睾吸虫感染有关。提出开展疑似病区流行病学调查方法与步骤。     

华支睾吸虫生活史在实验室的建立

目的 构建华支睾吸虫生活史的室内生态系统。 方法 解剖自然感染华支睾吸虫的家猫,收集华支睾吸虫虫卵,放入养殖缸内自然感染纹沼螺和长角涵螺,待尾蚴发育成熟,分离阳性螺,放入养殖缸内与各种鱼类同缸饲养,使阳性螺释放的尾蚴自然感染缸内的各种鱼类。螺类释放尾蚴后的第30天开始,定时检查鱼类的感染情况,分别采用鱼肉压片法和消化法检查各种鱼体内的感染率和感染度。分离、收集鱼肉中囊蚴感染家猫和SD大鼠。 结果 水温在24.3～37.2 ℃时,尾蚴发育成熟逸出螺体的时间需95 d。纹沼螺的感染率为12.5%（25/200）,长角涵螺为18%（9/50）。水温在20 ℃以下时,螺体内尾蚴停止逸出。鱼类感染尾蚴后形成囊蚴的时间为30 d,至囊蚴完全成熟需45 d。麦穗鱼、草鱼、鳑鮍鱼、鳙鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、鲤鱼和罗非鱼体内囊蚴的感染度不尽相同,每克鱼肉含囊蚴数分别为1 792、16、8、6、5、4、4和2个。将鱼体内分离的囊蚴分别感染大鼠和家猫均获得成虫。 结论 华支睾吸虫生活史室内生态系统构建成功。     

广西横县淡水鱼吸虫囊蚴感染情况调查

目的 了解广西横县野生鱼类吸虫囊蚴感染情况.方法 从横县旺天塘水库采集常见的小型野生鱼类,用肌肉压片法和消化法检测吸虫囊蚴,根据囊蚴形态、排泄囊结构和囊壁厚度等特征区分吸虫的种类.结果 检查490尾鱼,共查到4种鱼源性吸虫囊蚴,分别是华支睾吸虫、台湾棘带吸虫、棘隙吸虫和台湾次睾吸虫,感染率依次为43.88％、1.84％、1.84％和0.61％.华支睾吸虫囊蚴寄生于尾鳍基部的概率高于其他部位.结论 横县野生鱼类的鱼源性吸虫感染严重,其中华支睾吸虫感染率最高,鱼尾鳍基部寄生的囊蚴最多.     

辽西地区野生淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况

从辽西女儿河、辽河和狗河采集野生淡水鱼共1 131尾,直接压片法检查华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染率,人工消化法检查感染度。结果显示,6种淡水鱼全部感染华支睾吸虫,麦穗鱼的感染率最高(82.8%,216/261),洛氏鱥的感染率最低(1.5%,2/137)。感染度最高的为鲈塘鳢(平均2 390个/尾),最低的为洛氏鱥(平均30个/尾)。以狗河和女儿河的野生淡水鱼感染率为高。     

华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染度与麦穗鱼体重关系分析

<正> 麦穗鱼(Psludorasbors parra)是华支睾吸虫最适宜的第二中间宿主。据易氏报告华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染率与感染度均随鱼体重增加而下降,为探明该现象作者1982～1991年在华支睾吸虫病流行区,定时定点作了连续观察,现报告于后。 观察方法:每年5月或10月捕麦穗鱼30尾以上,称重后用直接压片法计数华支睾吸虫囊蚴。按鱼体重分组统计分析。     

广西淡水鱼携带异形科吸虫囊蚴的调查研究

目的了解广西淡水鱼异形科吸虫感染情况。方法使用消化法对从桂北的阳朔县及桂南的南宁市、马山县、扶绥县和宾阳县等地采集的淡水鱼进行检查。结果共检查各种鱼类316尾,分属鲤科33种、Centropomidae科和丽鱼科各1种。鲤科鱼33种中有28种、Centropomidae科的Coreoperca whiteheadi 1种带有异形吸虫囊蚴。共检出后殖吸虫、扇棘单睾吸虫、钩棘单睾吸虫和台湾棘带吸虫等4种异形吸虫囊蚴,其感染率分别为28.2%、27.5%、44.3%和10.8%。桂北检查112尾,后殖吸虫感染率为78.6%;桂南检查204尾,钩棘单睾吸虫感染率最高,为63.2%,其次为扇棘单睾吸虫42.7%和台湾棘带吸虫16.7%,后殖吸虫为0.5%。结论广西各地淡水鱼异形吸虫感染非常普遍和严重,尤以桂南为甚。异形吸虫与华支睾吸虫感染方式相同、流行区域重叠及虫卵形态相似,临床上要注意其鉴别诊断。     

Helminths of freshwater animals from five provinces in northern Thailand

Seven species of fishes, 6 species of mollusks, 1 species of crab, and 1 species of shrimp were collected from 12 natural freshwater sites from 5 provinces: Lumpang, Phrae, Phayao, Chiang Rai and Chiang Mai during the Rainy season of 2000. Fishes, Channa striatus, Dermogenus pusillus, Oxyeleotris marmoratus, Trichogaster trichopterus and Trichopsis vittatus were examined for helminths and 34.69% (17/49) were infected. There were 2 genera of monogenean identified as follows: Dactylogyrus and Trianchoratus; 3 genera of metacercariae were as follows: Acanthostomum, Posthodiplostomum and Stellantchasmus. Furthermore, 1 genus of Acanthocephala was found from fishes to be Pallisentis sp. The prevalence of infection in mollusks was 6.20% (17/274); Pleurolophocercous and Furcocercous cercariae were observed only in one species of mollusks, Melanoides sp. A crab and a shrimp were negative.     

A survey of metacercariae in cyprinoid fish in Nakhon Ratchasima,northeast Thailand

Metacercariae were recovered from freshwater fish taken from a stream in Lum Cha Muak, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, northeast Thailand during the year 2000. Seventy-nine cyprinoid fish comprising 3 species (52 Puntius leiacanthus, 22 Cyclocheilichthys armatus, and 5 Hampla dispar) were collected. The prevalence of infection with metacercariae was 51.9%. Only two genera of metacercariae were found: Haplochinae spp and Heterophyidae spp. Haplochinae metacercariae were found in all 3 species of fish, giving rates of infection of 95.5%, 20% and 1.9% for Puntius leiacanthus, Cyclocheilichthys armatus and Hampla dispar respectively. Heterophyidae metacercariae were found only in Puntius leiacanthus, whose infection rate was 30.77%. There were fish intected at the rate of 3.8% with unclassified metacercariae. Interestingly, no fish infected with Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae were found, which is at odds with previous reports from Thailand in which a higher infection rate was given. This is the first report of fish infected with Haplorchinae spp in Thailand.     

Intensity of trematode metacercariae in cyprinoid fish in Chiang Mal Province,northern Thailand

The intensity of infection of trematode metacercariae was determined in five species of cyprinoid fish collected from Mae Ngud reservoir, Chiang Mai Province. These species were Thynnichthys thynnoides, Puntioplites proctozysron, Hampala macrolepidota, Puntius leiacanthus and Puntius gonionotus. T. thynnoides contained the highest number (83.0%) of metacercariae, whereas P. gonionotus had the fewest (0.19%). The caudal fin was the area of highest infection of metacercariae (49.39%), with the anal fin having the fewest (5.93%). Most metacercariae was isolated from Haplorchis taichui (63.27%), with an intensity variation of 0.3-165.2 metacercariae/fish.     

广州北部山区并殖吸虫流行分布现状初步研究

目的调查广州北部山区并殖吸虫流行分布现状。方法采集并解剖调查点山溪中螺蛳、溪蟹,检查并 殖吸虫尾蚴、囊蚴。用所获囊蚴人工感染猫、犬,解剖猫、犬查找并殖吸虫成虫。取成虫样本,进行COI 基因、ITS2基因序列分析,与GenBank检索并殖吸虫,COI基因与ITS2基因序列相比较。结果良口螺蛳尾蚴 感染率0.32%（4/1 210）,螺种为放逸短沟蜷。溪蟹囊蚴感染率100%（35/35）。感染度：79.4个囊蚴/只 蟹,11.12个囊蚴/g蟹,最高只蟹检出囊蚴1 050个,蟹种平和华溪蟹。南昆山螺蛳尾蚴感染率0.15%（3/2 000）,螺种为放逸短沟蜷。溪蟹囊蚴感染率 100%(59/59),感染度：105.66个/只蟹,7.87个/ g蟹。蟹 种为平和华溪蟹。吕田螺蛳尾蚴感染率0.03%（1/310）,螺蛳种为拟钉螺。溪蟹囊蚴感染率36.73% (36/98),感染度4.55个囊蚴/只蟹,0.53个囊蚴/ g蟹,蟹种为平远南海溪蟹。良口和南昆山成虫COI、 ITS2基因DNA序列与GenBank检索卫氏并殖吸虫COI、ITS2基因序列相比较：同源性分别为99%、98%和98%、 97% 。结论广州北部山区新发现卫氏并殖吸虫超高度疫源地两处,两疫源地虫种无差异。斯氏狸殖吸虫中 度疫源地一处。     

广州北部山区螺种、蟹类及其感染并殖吸虫的调查

目的 调查广州北部（从化市、增城市、龙门县、新丰县）山区淡水螺、淡水蟹感染并殖吸虫尾蚴、囊蚴的情况,了解并殖吸虫流行分布状况。方法采集山溪螺蛳、溪蟹,检查并殖吸虫尾蚴、囊蚴,鉴定并殖吸虫虫种。结果 从化市良口镇螺蛳尾蚴感染率0.32%,螺种为放逸短沟蜷;溪蟹囊蚴感染率100%,蟹种为平和华溪蟹。吕田镇螺蛳尾蚴感染率0.03%,螺种为拟钉螺;溪蟹感染率为36.73%,蟹种为平远南海溪蟹。龙门县南昆山尾蚴感染率0.15%,螺种为放逸短沟蜷;溪蟹囊蚴感染率为100%, 溪种为平和华溪蟹。增城市、新丰县各调查点收集的螺蛳、溪蟹均未检测到尾蚴及囊蚴。结论 首次发现广州北部山区从化市良口镇、南昆山为卫氏并殖吸虫超高度疫源地(Ⅰ级)。吕田镇为斯氏狸吸虫中度疫源地(Ⅲ级)。     

Seasonal variation of metacercariae in cyprinoid fish from Kwae Noi Bamroongdan Dam, Phitsanulok Province, northern Thailand

Abstract. A seasonal investigation of the occurrence of metacercariae in cyprinoid fish was conducted at the Kwae Noi Bamroongdan Dam, Phitsanulok Province, northern Thailand during December 2008-August 2009. A total 361 cyprinoid fish from 10 species were examined by artificial digestion method evaluating for metacercariae. The metacercariae determined were Haplorchis taichui, Haplorchis pumilio, Haplorchoides sp and Centrocestus caninus. The prevalence of metacercariae ranged from 76.5% to 82.6%, with an intensity of infection of 23.4 to 36.6. H. taichui, Haplorchoides sp and C. caninus had the highest prevalence in the cool season, while H. pumilio was more prevalent during the hot season. The highest infection prevalence (100%) was seen in Rasbora metallicus, Barbodes gonionotus and R. metallicus. No significant differences in the type of metacercariae were found between seasons, indicating year-round infestation of cyprinoid fish.     

福建省淡水溪蟹种类、地理分布及其携带并殖吸虫囊蚴

目的查清福建省淡水蟹类在34个各县市分布及其携带并殖吸虫情况。方法广泛收集各地溪蟹标本并鉴别种类,检查蟹体内感染并殖吸虫囊蚴种类与感染率。结果与结论发现在福建省已报告有福建华溪蟹等17种溪蟹和7种待报告的华南溪蟹属等新种。这些蟹体内发现感染有卫氏并殖等7种并殖吸虫囊蚴,总感染率为43.49%(3483/8009),显示福建省是一个并殖吸虫虫种和第二中间宿主淡水蟹类繁多的省份,人的感染也是此起彼伏的散在发生。