宁心律康颗粒抗心律失常作用研究

目的:通过宁心律康颗粒对乌头碱诱发的大鼠心律失常模型以及对冠状动脉结扎诱发的犬心律失常模型的作用,研究宁心律康的抗心律失常的作用.方法:①一次静注乌头碱复制大鼠心律失常模型,记录出现室性早搏、室性心动过速的出现时间以及心室颤动的发生率.②结扎犬冠状动脉左前降支1/3处复制犬心律失常模型,记录心律失常的潜伏期、出现心律失常后的心电图心律失常评分以及室性心动过速和心室颤动的发生率.结果:①宁心律康能明显推迟大鼠室性早搏、室性心动过速的出现时间,减少心室颤动的发生率;②宁心律康能明显推迟犬冠状动脉结扎后心律失常的出现时间,减少心律失常的分值以及降低室性心动过速和心室颤动的发生率.结论:宁心律康具有良好的抗实验性心律失常作用.     

苦参碱抗心律失常作用的实验研究

[目的 ]观察苦参碱 (Matrine ,MT)的抗心律失常作用。 [方法 ]通过分别静脉注射乌头碱、氯化钡、氯化钙 -乙酰胆碱混合液的方法制备大鼠心律失常模型。 [结果 ]MT15× 10 - 6 ,30× 10 - 6 能明显对抗乌头碱 2 0× 10 - 9,Bacl2 2× 10 - 6 和结扎左冠状动脉前降支诱发的大鼠室性心律失常。MT也能明显对抗CCL -Ach (CCL 0 .6 % +Ach 0 .0 0 2 5 % )混合液 10ml/kg诱发小鼠心房纤颤或扑动。大鼠心电图试验证明MT有负性频率作用 ,负性传导作用。这些作用可能是MT抗心律失常作用的药理学基础。 [结论 ]苦参碱对大鼠有明显的抗心律失常作用。     

氧化苦参碱抗心律失常作用的实验研究

目的：观察氧化苦参碱的抗心律失常作用。方法：制备大鼠心律失常模型。结果：氧化苦参碱(Oxymatrine,OM)10mg／kg,20mg／kg能明显对抗乌头碱20ug／kg,Bacl2 2mg／ks和结扎左冠状动脉前降支诱发的大鼠室性心律失常。OM也能明显对抗Cacl2-Ach(Cacl2 0．6％ Ach 0．0025％)混合液10mg／kg诱发小鼠心房纤颤或扑动。大鼠心电图试验证明OM有负性频率作用,负性传导作用。这些作用可能是OM抗心律失常作用的药理学基础。结论：氧化苦参碱对大鼠有明显的抗心律失常作用。     

粉防己碱与利多卡因抗心律失常作用比较

目的：探索粉防己碱的抗心律失常作用并与利多卡因相比较。方法：采用5个化学物质诱导的动物实验性心律失常模型。结果：粉防己碱和利多卡因在同等剂量（20mg/kg)时均可明显降低氯仿诱发的小鼠室颤发生率（P＜0．05），但利多卡因利用强于粉防己碱；在Cacl2或BaCl2诱发大鼠心室颤动模型上，粉防己碱和利多卡因在同等剂量（10mg/kg)明显提高存活率（P＜0．05）；两药的作用强度无明显差异；粉防己碱和利多卡因在同等剂量（10mg/kg)明显提高哇巴因或乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常的剂量（P＜0．05）。结论：粉防己碱和利多卡因具有抗实验性室性心律失常作用。两药作用强度接近。     

磷酸喹哌对实验性心律失常的作用初报

磷酸喹哌(Piperaqune phosphate,PQP)ip 18mg/kg 对氯仿诱发小白鼠室颤具有保护作用,iv PQP 9 mg/kg 明显降低氯化钙所致小鼠室颤的死亡率,iv PQP 3.36mg/kg 明显缩短肾上腺素诱发家兔心律失常的持续时间。ivPQP6.3mg/kg 显著增加恒速滴注乌头碱引起麻醉大鼠室性早搏(VE)、室性心动过速(VT),室性纤颤(VF)所需的乌头碱用量。结果提示 PQP 具有抗心律失常作用。小白鼠 iv PQP LD_(50)为93.33mg/kg。     

苦参碱和氧化苦参碱抗心律失常和实验研究(摘要)

<正> 本文以三种实验性心律失常动物模型研究了陕西所产的苦参Sophora flaveacens Ait.根中提取的苦参碱和氧化苦参碱抗心律失常的作用,以及治疗心律失常的药理基础。Ⅰ、实验动物模型一、对大鼠由鸟头碱诱发心律失常的影响:给大鼠静注0.04—0.05毫克/公斤乌头碱,3—5分钟即出现心律失常,心律失常持续2—4小时。对照组10只,诱发多种类型的心律失常。苦参碱组10只,按LD_(50)的量0.1631/4克/公斤股静脉给药,5.34±1.0分,消除异位节律;氧化苦参碱组10只,按LD_(50)的1/4量0.12克/公斤,静脉给药8.50±0.65分,开始恢复窦性心律,给药组与对照组相差非常显著(P<0.01)。二、对抗由氯仿——肾上腺素引起心律失     

早搏宁冲剂的抗实验性心律失常作用

目的：观察早搏宁冲剂对实验性心律失常的影响。方法：采用Wistar大鼠，豚鼠，家兔，观察早搏宁冲剂对乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常和哇巴因诱发豚鼠心律失常的影响，以及早搏宁冲剂对电刺激家兔室颤阈及结扎大鼠冠状动脉诱发心律失常的影响。结果：早搏宁冲剂可增加乌头碱及哇巴因诱发心律失常的用量，提高电刺激家兔室颤阈值，延迟结扎大鼠冠状动脉心律失常出现时间，减少早搏次数及室速持续时间。结论：早搏宁冲剂具有抗实验性心律失常作用，且有一定的量效关系。     

槲皮素抗实验性心律失常作用的研究

目的 观察槲皮素抗实验性心律失常的作用,并探讨其可能机制.方法 应用乌头碱,氯化钙制备大鼠心律失常模型,哇巴因制备豚鼠心律失常模型,观察槲皮素不同剂量对上述模型的保护作用.结果 槲皮素(0.2mg/kg,0.4mg/kg)能提高乌头碱致大鼠和哇巴因致豚鼠发生室性早搏(VE)、室性心动过速(VT)、室颤(VF)的用量;延长氯化钙诱发大鼠心律失常出现的时间,缩短心律失常持续时间,减少心律失常发生率及死亡率.结论 槲皮素具有抗多种实验性心律失常的作用.     

二丙酰基莲心碱抗实验性心律失常作用的研究

目的：研究二丙酰基莲心碱抗心律失常的作用。方法：采用乌头碱、哇巴因、氯化钙三种抗心律失常模型。结果：二丙酰基莲心碱（5mg/kg,iv)可明显提高乌头碱致头鼠、哇巴因致豚鼠发生室性早搏、室性心动过速、室颤及心脏停搏用量;延长氯化钙诱发大鼠心律失常的出现时间,减少早搏、室颤的发生率及死亡率。结论：二丙酰基莲心碱具有广泛的抗心律失常作用。     

安神定志汤对实验性大鼠心律失常的作用

目的:观察安神定志汤对乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素诱导的实验性心律失常的对抗作用以及对血清Ca~(2+)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)水平的影响。方法:70只SD大鼠随机分为乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组、乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组,氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组,肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组、肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组及正常对照组,每组10只。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠分别采用舌下静脉注射乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素构建大鼠心律失常的3种动物模型,治疗组灌胃给予安神定志汤,以BL-420生物机能实验系统记录分析心电图曲线,并取血检测大鼠血清Ca~(2+)、LDH水平。结果:与乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组比较,乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠相应体质量累积乌头碱用量显著降低(P0.05);与氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组比较,氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠心律失常发生时间显著推迟(P0.05),心律失常的持续时间也显著缩短(P0.05);与肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组比较,肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组心律失常发生时间显著推迟(P0.05),心律失常的持续时间也显著缩短(P0.05)。与正常对照组比较,乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组和肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组大鼠血清中Ca~(2+)、LDH水平明显升高(P0.01)。而乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组和肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠分别与相应模型组比较,血清中Ca~(2+)、LDH水平明显降低(P0.01)。结论:安神定志汤可以通过降低血清Ca~(2+)、LDH水平来发挥对乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素诱导的实验性心律失常的对抗作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.