过氧化氢诱导体外损伤性白内障模型的构建及晶状体上皮细胞的凋亡

背景：氧化应激能够诱导晶状体上皮细胞发生凋亡。 目的：观察Fas蛋白与过氧化氢诱发白内障中晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的关系以及表没石子儿茶素没食子酸酯对Fas蛋白表达及晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的影响。 方法：将健康成年兔透明晶状体随机分为3组：空白对照组仅加入DMEM培养液,过氧化氢组加入DMEM+过氧化氢,表没石子儿茶素没食子酸酯组加入DMEM+过氧化氢+表没石子儿茶素没食子酸酯。 结果与结论：各组体外培养72 h后过氧化氢组晶状体上皮细胞凋亡率及Fas蛋白阳性表达率显著高于空白对照组(P < 0.05)。表没石子儿茶素没食子酸酯组晶状体上皮细胞凋亡率及Fas蛋白阳性表达率显著低于过氧化氢组(P < 0.05)。结果显示,过氧化氢可能是通过上调Fas蛋白的表达诱导晶状体上皮细胞凋亡,而抗氧化剂表没石子儿茶素没食子酸酯可下调Fas蛋白的表达而减轻晶状体上皮细胞的凋亡。     

ATRA诱导胶质瘤C6细胞凋亡过程中Bcl-2和Caspase-3表达的研究

目的研究全反式维甲酸（ATRA）诱导胶质瘤C6细胞凋亡过程中Caspase-3和Bcl-2表达情况,探讨ATRA诱导胶质瘤C6细胞凋亡的机制。方法用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色法绘制ATRA不同浓度不同时间（6、12、24、48、72h）对胶质瘤C6细胞作用后细胞生长曲线,逆转录酶-多聚酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Caspase-3 mRNA水平的表达变化影响,Western blot分析Caspased和Bcl-2在胶质瘤C6细胞中的表达情况。结果胶质瘤C6细胞经ATRA诱导后,细胞的增殖明显受到抑制,通过RT-PCR结果证实Bcl-2 mRNA在ATRA作用下明显呈低表达而Caspase-3 mRNA的表达随时间延长逐渐增高,Western blot检测结果显示ATRA作用后,下调凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2的表达并激活了凋亡蛋白Caspase-3的表达。结论ATRA对胶质瘤C6细胞的增殖具有抑制作用。     

凋亡调控基因在难治性颞叶癫痫患者脑中表达的研究

目的:探讨神经元凋亡与难治性癫痫患者海马硬化关系。方法:16例颞叶癫痫患者手术标本,用光镜、电镜及原位末端标记(TUNEL)方法检测神经元凋亡;应用免疫组化方法检测Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果:对照组未发现凋亡神经元;癫痫组在电镜检查的3例标本中,1例有少量早期凋亡征象。对照组Bcl-2蛋白无表达,癫痫组Bcl-2蛋白表达明显增强(P<0.001);Bax蛋白在癫痫组与对照组中均微弱表达,两者差异无统计学意义(p>0.5)。结论:凋亡基因Bcl-2、Bax参与癫痫过程。     

局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡研究

目的 观察大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注(ischemia reperfusion,I/R)损伤后海马CA1区神经元凋亡、TUNEL阳性细胞变化,以及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2与Bax蛋白的表达情况.方法 将健康雄性SD (Sprague-Dawley)大鼠随机分为假手术组和I/R组,每组再分为缺血再灌注后3、6、12、24、48、72 h亚组.应用免疫组化方法检测再灌注后不同时间点大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡基因Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达及Bcl-2/Bax比值变化,采用原位细胞凋亡检测(TUNEL)技术检测凋亡阳性细胞数.结果 各组非缺血侧相应区域神经元胞质中Bcl-2均有微弱表达.I/R组缺血侧海马CA1区于再灌注3 h开始出现Bcl-2和Bax蛋白微弱表达,随再灌注时间延长神经元内Bcl-2表达逐渐增强,再灌注24 h后Bcl-2表达达高峰,假手术组与I/R组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 I/R损伤后海马CA1区神经元不仅存在变性坏死,还存在明显的细胞凋亡且细胞凋亡在大鼠I/R损伤中发挥重要作用;I/R可诱导海马CA1区细胞凋亡基因Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达,且其表达呈一定规律.     

凋亡调控因子在凝血酶诱导海马神经元凋亡中的变化

目的探讨凝血酶（TM）对海马神经元凋亡调控凶子Bcl-2、Bax及c-jun氨基末端激酶（JNK）表达的影响，阐明TM诱导凋亡的机制。方法海马神经元经40U／mLTM作用0h、6h、12h、24h、48h、72h后终止培养，应用免疫细胞化学方法检测Bcl-2及Bax蛋白表达，Western blot检测磷酸化JNK（P—JNK）及JNK蛋白表达。结果TM作用6h后，Bcl-2蛋白表达增加，12h后开始下降，到48h达到最低值（P〈0．01），72h后Bcl-2蛋白表达开始回升。TM作用6h后，Bax蛋白表达增加，随作用时间的延长，Bax蛋白表达水平逐渐上升，到48h达到最高值（P〈0．01）。Bcl-2／Bax比值逐渐降低，在48h达最低。TM作用0h时P-JNK蛋白无表达，6h后开始表达，与0h组比较差异存在显著性（P〈0．011，12h时达高峰（P〈0．01），并持续到24h，48h后逐渐降低。0h组可见有少量JNK蛋白表达，6h后JNK蛋白表达显著增加（P〈0．01），随TM作用时间的延长，JNK蛋白表达无明显变化。结论TM可能是通过抑制Bcl-2的表达，增强Bax的表达，降低Bcl-2和Bax的比值，激活JNK信号传导通路导致海马神经元凋亡。     

大鼠脑创伤后海马CA3区细胞凋亡及相关基因表达研究

目的研究弥漫性脑损伤后不同时间,大鼠海马CA3区细胞凋亡及相关基因Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3蛋白的表达情况,探讨脑创伤后神经细胞凋亡的分子生物学机制.方法应用流式细胞仪和免疫组化法,分别检测脑创伤后不同时间海马CA3区细胞凋亡率及Bcl-2,Bax和Caspase-3基因在蛋白质水平的表达情况.结果脑创伤后海马CA3区存在不同程度细胞凋亡,Bcl-2在脑损伤后表达下降,而Bax和Caspase-3在脑创伤后表达升高;Caspase-3表达的峰值时间(72 h)出现在Bax之后(48 h).结论弥漫性脑损伤后,大鼠海马CA3区存在细胞凋亡及Bcl-2,Bax和Caspase-3的表达变化.Bcl-2/Bax表达比值下降早于Caspase-3的上升,Bcl-2/Bax表达比值改变可能与Caspase-3活化有关,进而启动并加重脑损伤后神经细胞凋亡.     

粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子对体外培养的大鼠海马神经元氧糖剥夺后凋亡的影响

目的 探讨粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)对体外培养大鼠海马神经元氧糖剥夺(OGD)后凋亡的影响.方法 体外培养乳鼠海马神经元并分为正常对照组、OGD组、GM-CSF 1 ng/ml、10ng/ml、20 ng/ml和100 ng/ml组;制备OGD模型,并给与相应剂量的GM-CSF干预.应用流式细胞仪及Annexin V/PI双染色法检测神经元凋亡率,测定上清液乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性了解神经元细胞膜损伤程度,RT-PCR法检测凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax mRNA表达.结果 与正常对照组相比,OGD组细胞凋亡率及LDH活性明显升高(均P＜0.01);与OGD组相比,除GM-CSF 1 ng/ml组外,GM-CSF各浓度组神经元凋亡率及LDH活性明显降低(均P＜0.01),其中GM-CSF 20 ng/ml组对神经元凋亡影响最显著.与正常对照组比较,OGD组Bcl-2 mRNA表达明显下降,Bax mRNA表达显著升高,Bcl-2/Bax降低(均P＜0.01);与OGD组比较,GM-CSF 20 ng/ml组Bcl-2 mRNA表达升高,Bax mRNA表达降低,Bcl-2/Bax增加(均P＜0.01).结论 GM-CSF能够有效地抑制OGD后海马神经元的凋亡,20 ng/ml抗凋亡的效果最佳.其神经保护作用机制可能与其调节凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Bax表达有关.     

实验性脑出血大鼠脑内Caspase-3mRNA的表达作用研究

目的动态观察实验性脑出血大鼠脑内血肿周围神经细胞凋亡情况和Caspas-3蛋白及mRNA表达水平的变化,探讨脑H{血后血肿周围神经细胞损伤机制。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组、假手术组和脑出血模型组,分为术后3h,6h,12h,24h,48h,3d,5d,7d共8个时相点,采用尾状核注射自体非抗凝动脉血复制大鼠脑出血模型,术后制作冰冻切片,对切片进行TUNEL染色,以及Caspase-5免疫组化和原位杂交染色,之后利用图像分析仪,观察阳性细胞数。结果脑出血后3h血肿周围尚无凋亡细胞出现,6h有凋亡发生,以后逐渐增多,3d达高峰后逐渐下降,生理盐水对照组仅有少量TUNEL阳性细胞。假手术组及生理盐水对照组3h无Caspase-3蛋白和mRNA表达,生理盐水对照组6h以后有少量表达,脑出血模型组在6hCaspase-3蛋白和mRNA开始表达,3d时Caspase-3的蛋白达到高峰,5d以后逐渐下降,24hCaspase-3mRNA表达达高峰,5d以后逐渐下降。脑出血后血肿周围脑组织Caspase-3蛋白的表达与TUNEL阳性细胞数呈正相关（r=0．515,P〈0．05）;Caspase-3蛋白表达与mRNA表达呈正相关（r=0．625,P〈0．05）。结论脑出血后血肿周围神经细胞损伤有凋亡机制参与,在出血后6h发生凋亡,第3天达高峰。Caspase-3的表达在Caspase-5蛋白水平变化趋势与脑m血后细胞凋亡的趋势一致,Caspase-3的mRNA水平的表达高峰时间先于Caspase-3蛋白的表达及凋亡的发生,提示Caspase-3的表达决定脑出血后细胞凋亡的发生,在脑出血后细胞凋亡中起促进作用。     

颞叶癫痫患者致痫灶中凋亡调控基因Bcl-2和Bax的表达

目的 探讨神经元凋亡与颞叶癫痫患者海马硬化的关系.方法 取16例颞叶癫痫患者手术切除标本,用光镜、电镜及原位末端标(TUNEL)方法检测神经细胞凋亡;应用免疫组化方法检测细胞凋亡相关基因表达产物Bax和Bcl-2蛋白的表达.结果 对照组患者光镜、电镜检查及TUNEL染色均未发现凋亡的神经细胞;癫痫组患者光镜检查及TUNEL染色未发现凋亡的神经细胞,但在电镜检查的3例标本中,1例有少量早期凋亡征象的神经元.免疫组化染色结果表明,对照组患者脑组织内Bcl-2蛋白无表达,癫痫组患者脑内Bcl-2蛋白表达明显增强(P<0.001);Bax蛋白在癫痫组与对照组中均微弱表达,两者差异无统计学意(P>0.05).结论 神经元凋亡部分参与了癫痫患者海马硬化的形成,Bcl-2和Bax 蛋白在这一过程中可能发挥了作用.     

α-细辛醚对KA癫痫大鼠海马组织中Bax、Bcl-2的影响

目的 探讨不同浓度的α-细辛醚对KA癫痫大鼠海马组织中细胞凋亡调节基因Bax、Bcl-2的mRNA及其蛋白表达的影响.方法 红藻氨酸(kainic acid,KA)侧脑室注入SD大鼠制备癫痫模型,随机分为模型对照组(KA组)、α-细辛醚低浓度组(6mg/kg)、中浓度组(12mg/kg)和高浓度组(24mg/kg),另设假手术组为正常对照组,每组10只.α-细辛醚组经腹腔注射连续给药10d后检测大鼠海马组织中Bax、Bcl-2的mRNA及其蛋白的表达.结果 α-细辛醚用药后,大鼠表现为明显的镇静、抗惊厥作用;与正常对照组相比,KA组、α-细辛醚低、中浓度组大鼠海马区Bax的mRNA及蛋白表达升高,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05),α-细辛醚高浓度组Bax的mRNA及蛋白表达下降(P＜0.05);与正常对照组相比,Bcl-2的mRNA及蛋白表达KA组显著降低,α-田辛醚中、高浓度组升高(P均＜0.05),低浓度组与对照组相比差异不明显(P＞0.05).结论 KA诱导的SD癫痫大鼠神经元存在Bax、Bcl-2的异常表达,α-细辛醚可能通过降低Bax和提升Bcl-2基因的表达从而减少SD癫痫大鼠神经元凋亡.     

Effects of acupoint versus non-acupoint electroacupuncture on cerebral cortical neuronal Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 expression in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia

BACKGROUND： Several studies have demonstrated that electroacupuncture by acupoint selection can inhibit cerebral cortical neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. OBJECTIVE： To validate the effects of electroacupuncture by acupoint selection on the expression level of cortical neuronal anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and the apoptotic executive protein, caspase-3, in rat models of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This randomized grouping, neural cell and molecular biology animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Laboratory Animal Center of Henan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2006 and May 2007. MATERIALS： Atotal of 40 healthy male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into four groups： sham-operated, model, electroacupuncture and non-aeupoint control. G6895 electro-acupuncture instruments were purchased from Shanghai Huayi Instrument Factory, China. Caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax kits were provided by Wuhan Boster Bioengineering Co., Ltd., China. METHODS： Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the model, electroacupuncture and non-acupoint groups. In the electroacupuncture group, the acupoints Jianyu （LII5）, Waiguan （S J5）, Biguan （ST31）, and Zusanli （ST36） were given electroacupuncture. In the non-acupoint control group, at each time point （immediately after ischemia and after reperfusion, or 2 hours after reperfusion）, electroacupuncture was performed at the midpoints of Tianquan （PC2）-Quze （PC 3） line, Quze （PC 3）-Ximen （PC4） line, Zuwuli （LR10）-Yinbao （LR9） line, and Xiguan （LR7）-Zhongdu （LR6） line. Electroacupuncture parameters were set with a continuous wave with a frequency of 10 Hz, wave width 0.6 ms, voltage 1.5-3.0 V, and a duration of 10 minutes. The sham-operated and model groups received only animal fixation without electroacupuncture procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Five ra     

Apoptosis-related protein expression in rabbits with blast brain injury following early hyperbaric oxygen therapy

We treated detonator-explosion-induced craniocerebral injury in rabbits with hyperbaric oxygen 1-24 hours post-injury.Expression of the apoptosis-regulating protein cytochrome c,the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and the apoptosis marker caspase-3 in the tissues surrounding the area of injury was significantly reduced,while that of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased.Our findings indicate that the curative effects of early hyperbaric oxygen on cortical cell apoptosis is associated with suppression of cytochrome c release from mitochondria.This mechanism underlies the observed reduction in Bax expression and upregulation of Bcl-2 expression.     

Sex Differences and the Roles of Sex Steroids in Apoptosis of Sexually Dimorphic Nuclei of the Preoptic Area in Postnatal Rats

The brain contains several sexually dimorphic nuclei that exhibit sex differences with respect to cell number. It is likely that the control of cell number by apoptotic cell death in the developing brain contributes to creating sex differences in cell number in sexually dimorphic nuclei, although the mechanisms responsible for this have not been determined completely. The milieu of sex steroids in the developing brain affects sexual differentiation in the brain. The preoptic region of rats has two sexually dimorphic nuclei. The sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) has more neurones in males, whereas the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) has a higher cell density in females. Sex differences in apoptotic cell number arise in the SDN-POA and AVPV of rats in the early postnatal period, and an inverse correlation exists between sex differences in apoptotic cell number and the number of living cells in the mature period. The SDN-POA of postnatal male rats exhibits a higher expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and lower expression of pro-apoptotic Bax compared to that in females and, as a potential result, apoptotic cell death via caspase-3 activation more frequently occurs in the SDN-POA of females. The patterns of expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the SDN-POA of postnatal female rats are changed to male-typical ones by treatment with oestrogen, which is normally synthesised from testicular androgen and affects the developing brain in males. In the AVPV of postnatal rats, apoptotic regulation also differs between the sexes, although Bcl-2 expression is increased and Bax expression and caspase-3 activity are decreased in females. The mechanisms of apoptosis possibly contributing to the creation of sex differences in cell number and the roles of sex steroids in apoptosis are discussed.     

Dynamic changes of apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 family members in the posthatch hippocampus of Bengalese finches

The hippocampus of songbirds plays an important role in spatial memory, and probably in song learning. Although prolonged neuronal generation and apoptosis are thought to be closely correlated with memory function, natural changes of the number of neurons and in apoptosis in the hippocampus of songbirds have not been fully investigated during development and in the adult. In the current study, we examined developmental changes in the volume and the number of neurons and apoptotic cells in the hippocampus of songbirds (Lonchura striata) from posthatch day (P5) to adulthood. Apoptotic cells were determined by Nissl staining and immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase-3, a key apoptotic caspase executioner. The expression levels of Bcl-2 family member mRNA and protein, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bax, were also investigated. Our results indicated that: (1) the hippocampus volume significantly increased from P5 to P60, although the number of neurons remained stable in all studied stages; (2) the number of apoptotic cells was highest at P45, based either on the Nissl staining or on the immunohistochemistry for caspase-3; (3) Bcl-2 mRNA expression was high from P5 to adulthood, while Bax mRNA declined abruptly from P5 to adulthood, and Bcl-x mRNA was high after P45. Bcl-2 protein was only detected at P5 and P15, while detection of Bcl-xL and Bax proteins paralleled levels of mRNA expression. Our study provides detailed changes of apoptosis in the posthatch songbird hippocampus, suggesting an important role for caspase-3 and Bcl-2 family members in hippocampus apoptosis.     

Uteroplacental insufficiency lowers the threshold towards hypoxia-induced cerebral apoptosis in growth-retarded fetal rats

Infants suffering uteroplacental insufficiency and hypoxic ischemic injury often demonstrate cerebral apoptosis. Our objective was to determine the global effects of uteroplacental insufficiency upon cerebral gene expression of the apoptosis related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax and their role in increasing vulnerability to hypoxia-induced cerebral apoptosis. We therefore caused uteroplacental insufficiency and growth retardation by performing bilateral uterine artery ligation upon pregnant rats 2 days prior to term delivery and elicited further perinatal fetal hypoxia by placing maternal rats in 14% FiO(2) 3 h prior to delivery. We quantified cerebral levels of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA, lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 activity, and cAMP in control and growth retarded term rat pups that experienced either normoxia or hypoxia. Uteroplacental insufficiency alone caused a significant decrease in cerebral Bcl-2 mRNA levels without altering cerebral Bax mRNA levels, malondialdehyde levels, or caspase-3 activity. In contrast, uteroplacental insufficiency and subsequent fetal hypoxia significantly increased cerebral Bax mRNA levels, lipid peroxidation and caspase-3 activity; Bcl-2 mRNA levels continued to be decreased. Hypoxia alone increased cerebral cAMP levels, whereas uteroplacental insufficiency and subsequent hypoxia decreased cerebral cAMP levels. We speculate that the decrease in Bcl-2 gene expression increases the vulnerability towards cerebral apoptosis in fetal rats exposed initially to uteroplacental insufficiency and subsequent hypoxic stress.     

Inhibition of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced apoptosis:nicotilforin and JAK2/STAT3 pathway

Nicotilforin is a lfavonoid extracted from Carthamus tinctorius. Previous studies have shown its cerebral protective effect, but the mecha-nism is undeifned. In this study, we aimed to determine whether nicotilforin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced apoptosis through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. hTe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. Nicotilforin (10 mg/kg) was administered by tail vein injection. Cell apoptosis in the ischemic cerebral cortex was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Bcl-2 and Bax expres-sion levels in ischemic cerebral cortex were examined by immunohistochemial staining. Additionally, p-JAK2, p-STAT3, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 levels in ischemic cerebral cortex were examined by western blot assay. Nicotilforin altered the shape and structure of injured neurons, decreased the number of apoptotic cells, down-regulates expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, caspase-3, and Bax, decreased Bax immunoredactivity, and increased Bcl-2 protein expression and immunoreactivity. hTese results suggest that nicotilforin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced apoptosis via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.     

Neuroprotective effects of different frequency preconditioning exercise on neuronal apoptosis after focal brain ischemia in rats

ABSTRACT

Objective: Preconditioning exercise can exert neuroprotective effects after stroke; however, the effects of exercise intensity, frequency, duration are unknown. We investigated the neuroprotective effect of different frequency preconditioning exercise on neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia in rats.

Methods: Rats were divided into the following five groups: 5 times a week of exercise (5/w-Ex) group, 3 times a week of exercise (3/w-Ex) group, once a week of exercise (1/w-Ex) group, no exercise (No-Ex) group, and intact control (control) group. Rats were made to run on a treadmill for 30 min per day at a speed of 25 m/min for 3 weeks. After the running program, the rats were subjected to 60-min left middle cerebral artery occlusion. Two days after ischemia, the cerebral infarct volume, neurological and motor function, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) ratio, expression of caspase-3, and TUNEL positive cells were examined in the cerebral cortex surrounding the ischemic zone.

Results: The 3/w-Ex and 5/w-Ex groups showed significantly reduced infarct volumes compared with the No-Ex group, but the 1/w-Ex group did not. In addition, the 3/w-Ex and 5/w-Ex groups had improved neurological scores and sensorimotor function compared with the No-Ex group. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, expression of caspase-3, and TUNEL-positive cells significantly decreased in the penumbra area in the 3/w-Ex or 5/w-Ex groups compared with the No-Ex group.

Discussion: Our findings suggested that three times or more per week of high-intensity preconditioning exercise exert neuroprotective effects through the downregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activation after stroke.

Abbreviations: TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated dUTP nick and labeling; MCAO:middle cerebral artery occlusion; BAX:Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; TTC: 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazorlium chloride     

8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin intervenes with neural cell apoptosis following diffuse axonal injury

Previous studies have reported a neuroprotective effect of 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) against traumatic brain injury. In accordance with the Marmarou method, rat models of diffuse axonal injury were established. 8-OH-DPAT was intraperitoneally injected into model rats 8-OH-DPAT treated rats maintained at constant temperature served as normal temperature controls TUNEL results revealed that neural cell swelling, brain tissue necrosis and cell apoptosis occurred around the injured tissue. Moreover, the number of Bax-, Bcl-2- and caspase-3-positive cells increased at 6 hours after diffuse axonal injury, and peaked at 24 hours. However, brain injury was attenuated, the number of apoptotic cells reduced, Bax and caspase-3 expression decreased, and Bcl-2 expression increased at 6, 12, 24, 72 and 168 hours after diffuse axonal injury in normal temperature control and in 8-OH-DPAT-intervention rats. The difference was most significant at 24 hours. All indices in 8-OH-DPAT-intervention rats were better than those in the constant temperature group. These results suggest that 8-OH-DPAT inhibits Bax and caspase-3 expression, increases Bcl-2 expression, and reduces neural cell apoptosis, resulting in neuroprotection against diffuse axonal injury. This effect is associated with a decrease in brain temperature.     

糖尿病大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后海马组织中caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2的表达及醒脑静干预的研究

目的探讨醒脑静对糖尿病大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血（sAH）后海马组织凋亡相关因子天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶（casDase-3）、Bax和Bcl-2表达的影响。方法成年雄性Wistar大鼠28只,按随机数字表法随机分为空白对照组（n=7）、糖尿病对照组（n=7）、糖尿病SAH组（n=7）和醒脑静治疗组（n=7）;采用链脲佐菌素（STZ）腹腔注射方法建立糖尿病大鼠模型,然后采用枕大池两次注血法建立糖尿病大鼠SAH模型。SAH后48h取海马组织,用实时聚合酶链式反应检测caspase-3、Bax及Bcl-2的mRNA的表达,并用免疫印迹法测定它们蛋白表达,进行验证。结果空白对照组和糖尿病对照组大鼠海马组织中的caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2的mRNA表达量均无显著差异（P〉0．05）;与空白对照组和糖尿病对照组相比,糖尿病SAH组和醒脑静治疗组其mRNA表达量均显著升高（P〈0．05）;醒脑静治疗组caspase-3和BaxmRNA表达水平均显著低于糖尿病SAH组大鼠（P〈0．05）,而Bcl-2mRNA表达水平却明显高于糖尿病SAH组（P〈0．05）。它们蛋白表达变化与mRNA表达基本相符。结论醒脑静抑制糖尿病SAH大鼠海马组织促凋亡相关因子表达,而促进抗凋亡相关因子表达,从而发挥保护作用。