香菇多糖注射液提高胃肠癌化疗患者生活质量的临床研究

目的:研究香菇多糖注射液对胃肠癌化疗患者生活质量的影响.方法:采用随机对照,将172例患者分为两组,治疗组为香菇多糖注射液+全身化疗,对照组仅行全身化疗,2周期后评定患者白细胞、血红蛋白,及肿瘤患者生活质量核心问卷各项指标的变化.结果:香菇多糖组在提高患者血红蛋白指标,改善患者生活质量、躯体功能、角色功能、疲乏、恶心呕吐、便秘、腹泻方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05).结论:香菇多糖注射液可改善胃肠癌化疗患者临床症状及毒副反应,使患者生活质量明显提高.     

利用海浮石为载体的固定化酵母酒精发酵

本文叙述了海浮石作为载体的固定酵母细胞方法和海浮石再生方法,并分别介绍实验室试验和加工厂小试固定化酵母细胞酒精发酵的情况和数据,试验成果,夏季发酵1个月平均对糖转化率为90%,最高为98.5%。工厂小试表明,固定化酵母细胞柱发酵比发酵罐快。     

顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液32例疗效观察

目的 探讨顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效及机制。方法 将64例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为观察组(32例)和对照组(32例)。观察组32例患者放尽胸水后经胸腔内注入顺铂加香菇多糖进行治疗；对照组32例患者放尽胸水后经胸腔内注入顺铂进行治疗。结果 观察组有效率(84．4％)高于对照组(50.0％)具有显著性差异(P＜0．05)。结论 顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液患者有确切疗效。明显提高化疗药敏感性，提高患者生存期及生活质量。     

具有抗突变活性的香菇柄PJF1多糖的研究

通过酸水解、甲基化和Ｓｍｉｔｈ降解等分析方法，借助于气相色谱和红外光谱对存在于香菇柄中ＰＪＦ１多糖组分的化学本质作了剖析，建立了结构模型。应用姐妹染色单体互换和微核双指标生物试验法证实ＰＪＦ１具有明显的抗突变活性，是一种廉价而又很实用的天然活性物质。     

香菇多糖腔内灌注联合热疗治疗老年恶性胸腹腔积液疗效观察

目的观察胸腹腔灌注香菇多糖联合热疗对老年恶性胸腹腔积液的临床效果。方法对68例老年患者,采用中心静脉导管腔内置管术充分引流胸腹水后注入香菇多糖4~6 mg,联合胸腹腔局部热疗。结果完全缓解12例、部分缓解37例、稳定18例,进展1例,总有效率72.1%;治疗后,所有患者胸闷、胸痛或腹胀均有不同程度的缓解。主要不良反应为低热、轻度胸痛和胃肠反应。无胸腹腔感染发生。结论对老年恶性胸腹腔积液采用腔内灌注香菇多糖联合热疗,疗效可靠,局部及全身不良反应小,有临床研究及应用价值。     

大米生料发酵酒精生产的研究

报告了新型颗粒淀粉水解酶在大米酒精生产上的最新进展.采用杰能科公司的颗粒淀粉水解酶STARGENTM以大米为原料,发酵效率可大大提高,同时对发酵醪液进行了GC-MS分析结果表明,生料工艺的发酵产物杂质与传统工艺相比也有很大程度上的减少.     

同步糖化发酵菊芋生产酒精中黑曲霉菌株的选育

使用以菊粉为惟一碳源的培养基从自然界中分离出6株产菊粉酶较强的菌种，其中黑曲霉SL-08还可以最大程度地提高塞尔雏亚酵母Z—06的发酵活力和耐酒精能力，通过紫外和亚硝基胍诱变，得到菌株SL-09，酶活提高近两倍。以菊芋粉为底物，利用黑曲霉SL-09和塞尔雏亚酵母Z-06采用同步糖化与发酵法，30℃发酵60h，使发酵醪酒精体积分数达到19．0％，转化率为理论转化率的86％。     

香菇多糖及参麦注射液改善胃肠癌化疗患者生活质量的对比研究

目的:对比研究香菇多糖注射液、参麦注射液对胃肠癌化疗患者生活质量的影响.方法:采用随机双盲法,将258例患者分为三组,香菇多糖组为香菇多糖注射液+全身化疗,参麦组为参麦注射液+全身化疗,对照组仅行全身化疗,2周期后评定患者白细胞、血红蛋白,及肿瘤患者生活质量核心问卷各项指标的变化.结果:香菇多糖组及参麦组在提高患者血红蛋白指标,改善患者疲乏、恶心呕吐、便秘、生活治疗、躯体功能、角色功能方面均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(p＜0.05);而香菇多糖组和参麦组两组间无显著差异.结论:香菇多糖注射液及参麦注射液均可改善胃肠癌化疗患者临床症状及毒副反应,使患者生活质量明显提高,而两者间无显著差异.     

玉米原料细菌酒精发酵的研究

对运动发酵单胞菌ＺｙｍｏｍｏｎａｓｍｏｂｉｌｉｓＡＴＣＣ３１８２１的试验表明：该菌株最适发酵糖浓度为１５０～２００ｇ／Ｌ，ｐＨ为７左右。以玉米粉为原料，该菌株在发酵速率及淀粉出酒率等方面均比Ｋ字酵母优越。玉米粉在糖化３０ｍｉｎ，添加ＣＡＸ２０ｇ／Ｌ３５℃发酵４０ｈ后，酒精度达７２ｇ／Ｌ残糖（还原糖）４．２ｇ／Ｌ淀粉利用率９１．５％；淀粉出酒率４８．５％（按无水酒精计）。     

微创置管胸腔内注射顺铂及香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液

目的：总结微创置管引流、胸腔内注射顺铂及香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效。方法：70例患者按顺序分为治疗组（35例）和对照组（35例）,均采取留置中心静脉导管穿刺引流,治疗组胸腔内注射顺铂及香菇多糖,对照组注射顺铂。结果：治疗组、对照组有效率分别为88．6％、54．3％（P〈0．05）,治疗组胸水中CEA、CYFRA21—1、NSE浓度较治疗前明显下降,较对照组明显降低（P〈0．05）,外周血NK细胞活性,T淋巴细胞中的CD3^＋、CD4^＋及CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值明显增高（P〈0．05）。结论：微创置管引流、胸腔内注射顺铂及香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液安全有效,具有创伤小、操作简便、痛苦少、对年老体弱患者也适用等特点.     

植酸酶产生菌产酶条件研究

经采样、分离，筛选出多株植酸酶产生菌；并将其中产酶水平较高的黑曲霉（Ａｓｐ．ｎｉｇｅｒ７０）和无花果曲霉（Ａｓｐ．ｆｉｃｕｕｍＮＲＲＬ３１３５）用固态培养法进行了产植酸酶条件的对比研究。     

Studies on prognosis of prostate cancer with bone metastasis by using pretreatment bone scintigraphy

The pretreatment bone scans on 40 patients with prostate cancer with bone involvement were reviewed and the prognostic impact of the initial extent of bone metastasis was evaluated. On the bases of the number or extent of bone metastasis, the patients were divided into 2 groups and survival for each group was compared. We also assessed the correlations between the extent on bone metastasis and other pretreatment characteristics: age, symptoms, serum acid phosphatase, serum alkaline phosphatase, and the histological differentiation of primary tumor. At the same time, the prognostic impacts of these pretreatment characteristics were evaluated. The extent of bone metastasis on the scan correlated with survival, but other characteristics did not have a predictive value except for histological grade. Though the histological differentiation of primary tumor was related to survival, the survival rates differed by the initial extent of disease among the same histological grade patients. Thus the extent of bone metastasis was shown to predict survival in metastatic prostate cancer.     

Studies on supratentorial subdural bleeding using a porcine model

Summary A porcine model for an acute lethal arterial subdural bleeding in man is presented. Blood from the abdominal aorta was led via an electronic drop recorder into a collapsed intracranial subdural rubber balloon. Systemic arterial pressure (SAP), two intracranial pressures and 6 other vital parameters were monitored continuously in spontaneously breathing (n=4) and mechanically ventilated (n=4) pigs.In both animal groups bleeding caused an immediate rise in intracranial pressures (ICP) with transtentorial pressure gradients developing. As a result the cerebral perfusion pressures (CPP) decreased progressively, leading to an isoelectric EEG.In spontaneously breathing animals, the pressure changes resulted in apnoea within 2–4 minutes, irregularities in heart rhythm and in a marked rise in SAP (the Cushing reaction). A final collapse of all pressures occurred after 222 ± 68 sec at a mean bleeding volume of 10.3 ± 1.9ml.In contrast, in mechanically ventilated animals, the course of bleeding was less dramatic. No change in cardiac rhythm or rise in SAP appeared despite a larger mean bleeding volume (12.0 ± 1.6ml). Instead, SAP slowly fell, reaching a level of approximately 40 mm Hg within 1 hour, while CPP concomitantly decreased from 120 mm Hg to 15 mm Hg.The findings in this and in a parallel study are explained in terms of the intracranial volume tolerance concept (Zwetnowet al. 1986). The beneficial effect of assisted ventilation on the course of subdural bleeding is multifactorial, involving both metabolic and mechanical mechanisms.This study has been supported by the University of Oslo, The Anders Jahre Foundation for The Advancement of Science, and by the Norwegian Cancer Society.     

Studies on diagnosis of pancreas head region cancer using echotomography

On 67 cases of pancreas head region cancer with its definite diagnosis confirmed by laparotomy, studies were made of their ultrasonograms and of their urtrasonic tissue characterization obtained from the ultrasonography of the resected specimens immersed in water in 17 of 29 cases resected. The following results have been obtained. Ultrasonogram of pancreas head region cancer has the following characteristics. Direct findings: i) abnormal internal echo level of tumor images, ii) irregular images of tumor margin, iii) irregular internal echo of tumor images, iv) localized enlargement of the pancreas, v) altenuation or disappearance of back echo of tumor images. Indirect findings: i) dilated common bile duct ii) enlarged gallbladder, iii) dilated intrahepatic bile duct, iv) dilated pancreatic duct, v) abnormal deformation of vascular images surrounding the pancreas. Resected cases had less scanty ultrasonographic findings than non-resected cases. The detection of pancreas head region cancer by ultrasound was possible in 43 cases (64.2%). Differential diagnosis of pancreas head region cancer by ultrasound may be possible to a certain extent. Internal echo level of tumor images had a close relation with tissue-type, interstitial connective tissue hyperplasia and the cut surface structure of the resected specimens.     

双螺杆挤压对香菇膳食纤维色泽的影响

香菇膳食纤维采用双螺杆挤压机进行挤压处理.通过响应面分析方法对不同操作变量(螺杆转速、套筒温度、喂料水分)对产品色泽(以L、A、B值表示)的影响进行了探讨.总体而言，挤压处理使其L值低于原料组(对照组)，而A值高于原料组，B值介于对照组及挤压组之间，在高螺杆转速、低套筒温度、高喂料水分操作条件下L、A及E值变化最小.     

Revaccination of adults with spinal cord injury using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are predisposed to develop pneumonia. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of revaccination with the pneumococcal vaccine on the immune response and the frequency of adverse reactions in this population. METHODS: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure immunoglobulin G to selected pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides on sera collected from 23 persons who were revaccinated 5 years after primary vaccination. Sera were collected just prior to, 1 month, and 1 year following revaccination. Functional activities of serotype-specific antibodies were determined by opsonophagocytosis assays. RESULTS: Several subjects maintained protective antibody concentrations at baseline. Increases in antibody concentrations were observed for all serotypes at 1 month and 1 year. Opsonophagocytic activity increased over baseline when evaluated 1 month and 1 year after revaccination, and a significant positive correlation was observed between antibody concentration and opsonophagocytic activity at all 3 time points. Three persons (13%) experienced transient and self-limited local swelling and pain at the injection site following revaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Protective antibody may be present in some persons for at least 5 years after vaccination. Revaccination induces a secondary surge in antibody concentration and opsonophagocytic activity that varies according to serotype but may be of lesser magnitude than the primary response. Revaccination of persons with SCI is not associated with significant adverse effects. Whether revaccination is needed beyond 5 years will require additional investigation.     

Reconstruction of hematopoietic function in irradiated mice promoted by polysaccharide peptide

Objective:To study the effect of polysaccharide peptide (PSP) on the reconstruction of the hematopoietic function in mice irradiated by lethal dose.Methods:The characteristics of proliferation of colony forming unit-granulocyte macrophage(CFU-GM) and colony forming unit-spleen(CFU-S) were measured after continuous injection of PSP in mice for seven days with different doses.Results:Injection of 25 mg/kg PSP in mice could promote and increase CFU-GM proliferation and cell mitosis,markedly enhance survival ratio,survival time and CFU-S.Conclusions:PSP has significant regulative effects on the reconstruction of the hematopoietic and the immunologic functions in mice irradiated by lethal dose.