食盐对普通玉米杂交种淀粉糊化性质的影响

采用快速粘度分析仪（RVA）研究了食盐对18种普通玉米杂交种淀粉糊化性质的影响。结果表明：食盐显著降低了所有普通玉米杂交种淀粉的峰值、破损值和回生值;提高了谷值、终粘度、出峰时间和成糊温度。但对不同的普通玉米杂交种淀粉的糊化性质的影响程度有显著差别。随着食盐溶液质量分数的增加,普通玉米杂交种淀粉的谷值、终粘度、出峰时间和成糊温度也逐渐增加,破损值和回生值则显著降低,峰值受食盐溶液质量分数的影响很小。     

红豆淀粉的性质

对红豆淀粉的颗粒形貌、X-光衍射图样、相对分子质量分布及糊粘度等理化性质进行了研究,并与马铃薯淀粉和玉米淀粉进行了比较,为红豆淀粉的应用提供了一定的理论基础.     

高交联木薯淀粉的非糊化特性

以三氯氧磷为交联剂制备非糊化的高交联木薯淀粉,并测定了反应的取代度和布拉班德粘度曲线,研究了在沸水中受热后非糊化淀粉的颗粒形貌及粒度分布等特性．提出高交联非糊化木薯淀粉存在着不同于原淀粉颗粒的在沸水中只发生轻度有限溶胀的非糊化颗粒态     

淀粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物性质的研究

研究了小麦淀粉与丙烯酰胺的接枝共聚物的物理特性和结构特征,实验结果表明:该接枝共聚物在热性质上与原淀粉有明显的区别,其糊化温度比原淀粉略低,粘度热稳定性及溶解度较原淀粉均有提高。接枝共聚反应不仅发生在淀粉颗粒的表面上,而且也发生在颗粒结构的内部,但反应仅发生在淀粉的无定型区。     

芋头淀粉糊的粘度性质

研究了芋头淀粉糊在不同质量分数、pH值以及不同蔗糖、食盐、明矾、硼砂添加量的条件下,Micro Visco-Amylo-Graph粘度曲线的变化情况,与马铃薯、木薯、玉米淀粉糊的粘度性质进行比较,为进一步了解芋头淀粉的特性及应用开发提供了一定的理论依据.     

磷酸酯化改性对玉米杂交种淀粉糊化过程中热力学性质的影响

采用湿法在实验室条件下提取18种玉米杂交种淀粉,并制备了磷酸酯淀粉.采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析了原淀粉和羟丙基淀粉的糊化过程中的热力学性质.结果表明:磷酸酯化改性显著降低了所有玉米杂交种淀粉的热焓值,小幅度降低了起始糊化温度、峰值糊化温度和终止糊化温度,平均降幅分别为15.1%、6.3%、4.8%和1.7%.但磷酸酯化改性对不同的玉米杂交种淀粉热力学性质的影响程度明显不同,即热力学性质各参数的降幅在杂交种间存在显著差异,热焓值、起始糊化温度、峰值糊化温度及终止糊化温度的降幅的变化范围分别为0 7%～37 0%、3 3%～10 2%、2 6%～7 8%、0 2%～6 4%.     

不同淀粉原料及前处理方法对β-环糊精生产的影响

为了获得β-环糊精生产的高转化率.通过对不同淀粉的比较,得出玉米淀粉具有较高的经济适用性;通过对不同前处理方法得到的淀粉生产β-环糊精转化率的比较,得出影响转化率的几个因素,分别是淀粉颗粒大小、淀粉的晶体结构的破坏程度和小分子糖的抑制作用;并得出将糊化淀粉作为底物最有利于环化反应的进行,但由于高粘度却无法工业化生产;通过研究,确定了一种新型的前处理方法,即将质量分数7%玉米淀粉浆在85℃下保温1 h,水浴摇床中65℃200 r/min转化24 h,获得了29.86%的高转化率,克服了大规模生产中糊化淀粉粘度过高无法搅拌均匀和酶解处理后的淀粉中小分子糖抑制作用的问题.     

大米糊化特性曲线探讨

本文利用Brabender淀粉粘度仪,详细研究了糯型与非糯型大米样品在特殊情况下的糊化特性,并证明有明显差别。在糊化特性曲线上发现糯米型最高粘滞峰值低于籼米型。这两种类型大米的最高粘滞峰值与它们的酶含量成负相关,与直链淀粉含量和糊化温度成正相关。     

醚化、交联对玉米淀粉功能性质的影响

本文研究了醚化和交联反应对玉米淀粉物理性质和结构的影响。实验结果表明:醚化明显地改善了淀粉糊的透明度和低温稳定性,降低了糊化温度;醚化淀粉再经交联后,可改善淀粉糊的粘度稳定性。醚化及交联反应主要在淀粉的非结晶区进行,反应并未破坏淀粉颗粒。醚化影响直链淀粉的构象并在颗粒表面形成空穴,交联则使淀粉颗粒在蒸煮后仍保持完整并抑制了直链淀粉的渗出。     

小麦B淀粉的性质

对实验室制备的小麦B淀粉的组分及其溶解度、透光度、凝沉性、粘度、热力学等性质进行了研究,比较了B淀粉和A淀粉在组分和性质上的差别.试验结果表明:小麦B淀粉中蛋白质、脂肪、戊聚糖等杂质含量高于A淀粉,B淀粉的沉降体积、膨润力和凝沉值大于A淀粉,而溶解度、透光率、粘度、相变温度和相变热焓低于A淀粉.     

A prospective randomized comparison of the Zadik procedure and chemical ablation in the treatment of ingrown toenails

BACKGROUND: We present the results of a prospective randomized trial of the Zadik procedure versus chemical ablation by sodium hydroxide for the treatment of ingrowing toenails. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients had the Zadik procedure, and 45 patients had chemical ablation by sodium hydroxide. Mean followup was 12.45 months for the Zadik group and 11.69 months for the chemical ablation group. RESULTS: In the Zadik group, the average return to normal shoe-wear was 2.13 weeks and in the chemical ablation group 3.73 weeks. Average return to normal activity was 2.18 weeks for the Zadik group and 3.89 weeks for the chemical ablation group. The median number of dressings were 3 and 8 for the Zadik and chemical ablation groups, respectively. The pain score, using the visual analogue scale were not statistically significant between the two groups. The recurrence rates were 23 recurrences in the Zadik group (60.5%) and seven recurrences in the chemical ablation group (15.6%). CONCLUSION: The use of chemical ablation by sodium hydroxide in the treatment of ingrowing toenails shows statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in recurrence rates of ingrowing toenails compared to the Zadik procedure.     

Effects of aldosterone and dexamethasone on blood chemical mediators in endotoxin shock

Although the pathogenesis of endotoxin shock is still a matter of speculation, we attach importance to chemical mediators in endotoxin shock. We measured chemical mediators such as histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and catecholamines and investigated the anti-toxic effects of aldosterone and dexamethasone on rabbits in endotoxin shock. Histamine, serotonin and catecholamines were measured by fluorometric assay. Bradykinin was measured by bioassay using rat uteri. The blood concentration of chemical mediators after endotoxin administration was elevated. Aldosterone and dexamethasone inhibited the release of chemical mediators, thereby preventing endotoxin shock.     

壮药土生地化学成分预试研究

目的通过预试实验,对壮药土生地的化学成分进行初步研究。方法采用化学反应鉴别法,对壮药土生地的水提取液、乙醇提取液及石油醚提取液进行化学成分研究。结果壮药土生地预实验反应显示,皂苷、蒽醌、糖类、苷类、植物甾醇、有机酸、鞣质、强心苷、三萜、挥发油均产生正反应现象,其余产生负反应现象。结论实验结果为土生地活性成分进一步研究提供了理论基础。     

Effects of aldosterone and dexamethasone on blood chemical mediators in endotoxin shock.

Although the pathogenesis of endotoxins shock is still a matter of speculation, we attach importance to chemical mediators in endotoxin shock. We measured chemical mediators such as histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and catecholamines and investigated the anti-toxic effects of aldosterone and dexamethasone on rabbits in endotoxin shock. Histamine, serotonin and catecholamines were measured by fluorometric assay. Bradykinin was measured by bioassay using rat uteri. The blood concentration of chemical mediators after endotoxin administration was elevated. Aldosterone and dexamethasone inhibited the release of chemical mediators, thereby preventing endotoxin shock.     

Methylene Chloride Burns: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Chemical burns account for a small percentage of burns but contribute to significant number of burn-related mortalities. The major challenge posed by chemical burns is difficulty in correct depth estimation, as the damage continues to progress until they are effectively neutralized. Besides the most common etiology of chemical burns by alkalis and acids, there are many other unique causes of chemical burns. The author describes a case of chemical burns by heavy duty paint remover, the main composition of which is methylene chloride. Although several studies about methylene chloride poisoning are available in literature, only one case report of burns due to methylene chloride exists in literature. These burns are unique in their presentation. The author describes the presentation and challenges in management of this burn. Clinical trial registration  Not applicable.     

渗出法与压榨法提汁中转化速率的研究及蔗汁成分的比较

作者模拟了甘蔗压榨法和渗出法提汁过程,研完了酶转化速率和化学转化速率。测定并摸索了蔗汁中主要成分的变化规律,得到了一系列线性回归方程。分析比较了渗出汁和压榨汁的化学稳定性和生化稳定性。对两家不同提汁方法的糖厂进行了生产查定。论证了渗出汁和压榨汁的异同及其相应提汁方法的优缺点。     

鸦胆子油乳注射液联合去雄药物治疗中晚期前列腺癌

目的：观察中药鸦胆子油乳注射液联合化学去雄药物治疗中晚期前列腺癌临床效果。方法：将67例患者随机分为两组,治疗组应用化学去雄药物联合中药鸦胆子油乳注射液治疗,对照组仅应用化学去雄药物治疗方案,3个周期后评价疗效。结果：两组患者近期临床疗效差异无统计学意义,治疗组患者生活质量、临床症状改善明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义。结论：中药鸦胆子油乳注射液联合化学去雄药物治疗中晚期前列腺癌,可以明显提高患者的生活质量,改善临床症状。     

Long-term aging behavior of ultraviolet-absorbing intraocular lenses

The chemical composition and molecular weight distribution of typical materials used for fabrication of intraocular lenses have been determined by high performance liquid chromatography and on-line electronic and FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. The leaching rate of unreacted monomers was determined by Soxhlet extraction techniques. These analytical methods were then utilized to monitor chemical changes in one type of intraocular lens subjected to accelerated aging conditions.     

Experimental cerebral vasospasm: Resolution by chlorpromazine

Vasospasm of the cat basilar artery was produced by electrical, mechanical, or chemical stimuli or by subarachnoid hemorrhage. The vasospasm induced by these stimuli was relieved by the topical application of chlorpromazine to the vascular wall. Chlorpromazine appears to be a nonspecific vasoparalytic agent. Unlike previously used substances, it is effective in resolving vasospasm caused by mechanical as well as chemical irritation.     

应用胆道化学性栓塞治疗肝内胆管结石的实验和临床研究

目的探讨胆道化学性栓塞在肝内胆管结石治疗中的应用价值。方法应用肝内胆管结石动物模型评估胆道化学性栓塞能否达预防结石复发和化学性肝切除的效果。结果栓塞胆管的粘膜上皮完全消失,被增生的胶原纤维取代,从而有效的根除了慢性增生性胆管炎;各级靶胆管腔均被栓塞剂填充,因而也无结石产生。在栓塞肝叶的周边部可见完全纤维化区域,达到了化学性肝切除的效果,并有效的解决肝内胆管狭窄和结石复发的问题。结论胆道化学性栓塞有可能达到预防结石产生的目的,同时也可能达到化学性肝切除的效果。