电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸130例

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术(video assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)治疗自发性气胸的价值。方法 1999年3月～2009年12月,对130例自发性气胸行VATS下肺大疱切除及胸膜固定术。结果 130例手术均成功,无中转开胸。手术时间30～150min,平均45min;术中出血50ml。1例术后出现血胸,24h引流量700ml,二次VATS探查出血原因为胸壁粘连带钛夹脱落。10例漏气时间4d,均为合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者。术后住院3～10d,平均5d。130例随访1～84个月,平均48个月,无复发。结论 VAIS安全可靠、创伤小,是治疗自发性气胸的首选方法 。     

腋下单孔电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性血气胸

目的探讨腋下单孔电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)治疗自发性血气胸的可行性和疗效。方法 2011年2月~2015年9月对15例自发性血气胸施行腋下单孔VATS,采用双腔气管插管全麻后健侧卧位,腋下垫枕,于腋下腋中、前线间的第3或4肋间做2~3 cm切口。单肺通气,使用5 mm或10 mm 30°胸腔镜探查,吸引器、卵圆钳清除血凝块,行肺大疱结扎或缝扎,胸膜摩擦固定术。结果 15例均在腋下单孔完成VATS,手术时间15~40 min,平均25 min。术中出血10~100 ml,平均30 ml。清除血凝块及积血500~3000 ml,平均1260 ml。术后住院时间3~8 d,平均5 d。15例随访1~48个月,平均24个月,均无复发。结论腋下单孔VATS治疗自发性血气胸切实可行,简单快捷,疗效可靠,经济实用,创伤小,切口美观隐蔽,值得推广。     

急诊胸腔镜在自发性血气胸诊治中的应用

目的探讨急诊胸腔镜手术（video—assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS）在自发性血气胸诊治中的应用价值。方法2008年1月-2013年6月,急诊VATS治疗自发性血气胸37例,术中电凝或钛夹止血,同期切除肺大疱。结果全组手术顺利,无中转开胸,手术时间50～110min,平均70min。术后胸管留置时间1—5d,平均2．8d,住院时间3—9d,平均5．4d。全组治愈出院,无严重并发症及围术期死亡。32例随访12～24个月,平均17个月,无气胸或血气胸复发。结论急诊VATS治疗自发性血气胸安全有效,创伤小,恢复快,住院时间短,值得临床推广。     

胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸（附88例报道）

目的探讨电视胸腔镜（video—assisted thoracoscopic surgery，VATS）治疗自发性气胸的价值。方法1999年3月～2006年4月，对88例自发性气胸行VATS。做3个2cm切口（一个置入镜头，另两个操作孔），应用切割缝合器行肺大疱切除及胸膜固定术。结果88例手术均成功，无中转开胸。手术时间1．0～2．5h，平均1．5h。术中出血〈60ml。1例术后血胸，24小时引流量〉700ml，当天行剖胸止血，出血原因为胸壁粘连带钛夹脱落。2例漏气时间〉4天。术后住院时间4～10d，平均6d。88例随访1～84个月，平均48个月，无复发。结论胸腔镜是治疗自发性气胸的首选方法。     

电视胸腔镜治疗全肺不张型原发性自发性气胸

目的评价电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)治疗全肺不张型原发性自发性气胸(primary spontaneous pneumothorax,PSP)的价值。方法 2002年4月～2008年5月,对38例全肺不张型PSP均行VATS。用内镜切割缝合器(Endo-GIA)切除肺大疱(6例)或丝线结扎(32例)。结果 37例手术顺利,因胸腔粘连呈蔓状中转小切口手术1例。手术时间45～256min,(115±31)min。术中出血量30～300ml,(110±95)ml。术后并发症2例(1例术后锁骨下动脉分支小血管出血,1例脓胸,均再次VATS手术),无围术期死亡。38例术后随访2～85个月,(43.2±16.1)月,气胸无复发。结论全肺不张型PSP应积极行VATS治疗。     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗创伤性膈疝

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术（video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS）在创伤性膈疝治疗中的应用价值。方法 2005年12月～2011年12月对27例创伤性膈疝行VATS膈疝回纳联合膈肌修补术。术中探查损伤情况,分离粘连并止血后,将膈疝回纳入腹腔,丝线8字缝合后prolene线加固缝合膈肌裂口。出血、裂伤脏器行修补或切除,损伤严重者中转开胸探查。结果 26例术后均恢复顺利,好转或痊愈出院,1例因病情严重术中死亡。5例中转开胸,其余21例均在VATS下完成手术,中转率18.5%（5/27）。手术时间45～190 min,平均135 min;术中出血量20～680 ml,平均278 ml。术后胸腔引流2～5 d,平均3.5 d;引流量30～280 ml,平均185 ml。术中、术后无并发症。术后住院时间2～10 d,平均6.5 d。26例随访1～24个月,平均12.5月,无并发症发生。结论 VATS治疗创伤性膈疝可行、安全。     

电视胸腔镜在小儿胸外科中的临床应用

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)在小儿胸部疾病诊治中的应用价值. 方法对41例平均年龄6.9岁(9 d～16岁),平均体重22.5 kg(2.8～54.0 kg)的患儿施行VATS,其中14例＜5岁.手术包括脓胸清除 15例、纵隔肿瘤活检或摘除11例,肺楔形切除6例,肺囊肿或肺隔离症行肺叶切除5例、血胸清除与先天性膈疝处理各2例. 结果全组患者平均手术时间 74 min,平均失血量33 ml(10～220 ml).术后留置胸腔引流管平均2.4 d,平均住院7 d(4～15 d).术后并发症发生率7.3%,手术病死率2.4%.40例患儿术后随访15.6个月(2.0～30.0个月),生长发育良好.结论 VATS能安全有效地用于小儿胸部疾病的诊断和治疗,这一新技术将在小儿胸外科占有重要的地位.     

电视胸腔镜在血胸处理中的作用

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)在血胸处理中的适应证和禁忌证.方法用VATS诊断和治疗血胸34例.其中12例为自发性血气胸,21例为创伤性血气胸,手术后血胸1例.结果平均手术时间52(25～130)min.术中从胸内平均清除血量1 460(400～3 400) ml.术后留置胸腔闭式引流管平均1.5(1～4)d.全组无手术死亡.无中转剖胸手术,亦无术后并发症.结论 VATS能彻底清除胸内积血和血凝块,并有效地止血和处理胸内合并损伤.尤其适应于自发性血胸、活动性血胸、凝固性或包裹性血胸以及并发化脓感染的血胸.     

胸腔镜手术治疗老年自发性气胸70例

目的 探讨老年自发性气胸胸腔镜手术治疗的价值.方法 1994年9月～ 2011年3月胸腔镜手术治疗70例60岁以上老年自发性气胸,采用切除,缝扎或结扎方法处理肺大疱,对于中重度肺气肿者采用内镜直线切割缝合器加奈维垫片切除肺大疱,对于肺气肿肺大疱具有区域无功能肺者行肺减容术.结果 电视胸腔镜手术（video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS） VATS 33例,胸腔镜辅助小切口（video-assisted minithoraeotomy,VAMT） 37例.肺大疱切除43例,结扎或缝扎13例,切除加缝扎或结扎11例,肺减容术3例.VATS手术时间30 ～70 min,平均38 min;术中出血量20～100 ml,平均35 ml;术后带管时间3～78 d,平均12.9 d;术后住院时间3～81 d,平均13.7 d.VAMT手术时间40 ～85 min,平均50 min;术中出血量20 ～150 ml,平均40 ml;术后带管时间6～26 d,平均11.8d;术后住院时间7～28 d,平均12.9d.6例术后持续漏气超过15d,无其他并发症发生.随访54例,其中＜1年5例,1～4年12例,＞5年37例,复发2例（3.7％）,术后11、17个月各1例,经胸腔闭式引流术治愈.结论 胸腔镜手术治疗老年性自发性气胸安全、有效,奈维垫片应用可避免术后肺漏气,扩大手术适应证.     

电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸52例围手术期护理

目的 探讨电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)治疗自发性气胸的护理方法.方法 对52例采用VATS治疗自发性气胸的患者进行精心护理并分析总结护理资料.结果 52例患者均手术成功,顺利出院,无胸部中转辅助小切口,手术时间20 ～ 70 min,平均35 min;术中出血20 ～ 150 ml,平均60ml;术后胸腔引流量120～350 ml,平均190 ml;术后住院4～8d,平均6d.结论 严密观察,精心护理,可提高VATS治疗自发性气胸的治愈率,降低并发症发生率.     

Efficacy of uniportal video assisted thoracoscopic surgery in management of primary spontaneous hemopneumothorax

IntroductionPrimary spontaneous hemopneumothorax (PSHP) is an accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space without trauma or obvious etiology. It is a rare surgical emergency and may lead to hypovolemic shock if not treated. Early and fast recognition will improve patient outcomes.Presentation of the caseWe present a case of PSHP in a young male utilizing the uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) through the same incisional site of the thoracostomy tube. The patient made an uneventful recovery.DiscussionVATS has become the first line and the gold standard surgical management of most thoracic surgeries. In case of PSHP, some thoracic surgeons still skeptical about the minimal invasive approach in such emergency. Applying the concept of uniportal technique, which can be used for diagnostic as well as major therapeutic purposes. There is vast literature that support the notion that it reduces postoperative pain and paresthesia and lead to fast patient recovery.ConclusionAs demonstrated in our case, uniportal VATS is safe and effective in the management of PSHP.     

Early Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Primary Spontaneous Hemopneumothorax

Introduction Primary spontaneous hemopneumothorax (PSHP) is a rare surgical emergency. The aim of this study was to compare the previous strategy of tube thoracostomy followed by thoracotomy when complications developed with early video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for PSHP. Methods Between November 1989 and May 2005, a total of 24 consecutive patients with PSHP were retrospectively reviewed. Before January 2000, there were 13 patients who were subjected to the treatment strategy of initial tube thoracostomy and underwent operation if the condition deteriorated or later complications occurred (group T). Under this strategy, all of these patients later required operations. After January 2000, another 11 patients were treated with VATS as soon as their condition stabilized after tube thoracostomy and resuscitation (group V). The data for the two groups were compared: sex, age, involved side, initial heart rate (HR) and mean blood pressure (BP), initial hemoglobin (Hb), preoperative blood loss, operating time, amount of blood transfusion, period of chest tube drainage (POD), length of hospital stay (LOS), complications, and length of follow-up. Results The sex, age, involved side, and the initial HR, BP, and Hb of the two groups were similar. The patients of group V had a significantly longer operating time [group V, 111 minutes (mean); group T, 85 minutes, P = 0.002]; less preoperative blood loss (group V, 946 ml; group T, 1687 ml, P = 0.003); less blood transfusion (group V, 465 ml; group T, 1044 ml, P = 0.002); shorter POD (group V, 4 days; group T, 7 days, P = 0.011); and shorter LOS (group V, 5 days; group T, 10 days, P = 0.002). No mortality or recurrence was noted in the entire series. Conclusions Our study suggests that surgery should be undertaken for PSHP as soon as possible after the clinical condition has stabilized. Under this strategy, VATS is an acceptable approach. It allows a shorter hospital stay and is exempt from unnecessary blood transfusion. Later complications, such as empyema and impaired lung reexpansion, can also be avoided.     

Video-assisted thoracic surgery for thorascopic resection of giant bulla

This report outlines our experience of 6 patients who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) using a linear endoscopic stapler to remove a giant bulla from the lung. Successful treatment with VATS was carried out in 4 patients, but the procedure needed to be changed to a thoracotomy in 2 patients — in one because of difficulty in single-lung ventilation, and in the other, due to a persistent air leak. Thus, we conclude that giant bulla without any associated severe respiratory failure can be an indication for VATS.     

Video-assisted thoracic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax in children: is there an optimal technique?

Objective

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax refractory to nonoperative management was first reported in children by Rodgers in 1986 (Ann Surg. 1986; 204:677-680). Small series have shown success with apical blebectomy, mechanical or chemical (talc) pleurodesis, or combination techniques. We report the largest pediatric series of VATS for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) to date, to assess outcomes and compare techniques.

Methods

Retrospective review of all children undergoing VATS for PSP between 1999 and 2007 at 2 university-affiliated hospitals by the same group of surgeons. Mann-Whitney U tests and χ² used (P < .05 = significant).

Results

Thirty-two patients underwent 41 VATS procedures (32 initial-30 unilateral, 2 bilateral; 9 subsequent-7 contralateral, 2 ipsilateral recurrences). Mean age at presentation was 16.5 years (range, 13-20 years). Blebs were identified at the time of VATS in 95% of patients, but in 12.5%, they were on lower lobes. Mean duration of postoperative air leak was 2.7 days, postoperative hospital length of stay was 5.0 days, and postoperative chest tube duration was 5.1 days; 2 patients required Heimlich valves, which were managed at home. Five different surgical techniques were used as follows: blebectomy plus mechanical pleurodesis had the shortest length of stay (4.3 days) and need for chest tube drainage (4.1 days) but had a higher recurrence risk (6% major, 16% minor) than blebectomy plus chemical pleurodesis. The risk of requiring an additional VATS procedure (ipsilateral or contralateral) was 28%. Mean follow-up was 46 months.

Conclusions

Blebectomy plus either mechanical or chemical pleurodesis were both associated with acceptable outcomes. Blebectomy plus chemical pleurodesis appears to have less risk of ipsilateral recurrence but longer postoperative stay and chest tube drainage.     

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) segmentectomy for small peripheral lung cancer tumors: intermediate results

Background We investigated the feasibility and suitability of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) segmentectomy for curing selected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with this less invasive technique Methods We performed VATS segmentectomy for small (<20 nm) peripherally located tumors and pathologically confirmed lobar lymph node-negative disease by frozen-section examination during surgery. Of the 34 patients who underwent this limited resection, 22 were treated with complete hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection (intentional group), whereas 12 patients who were deemed to be high risk in their toleration for lobectomy underwent VATS segmentectomy with incomplete hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection (compromised group). The surgical and clinical parameters were evaluated and compared with those of segmentectomy under standard thoracotomy to evaluate the technical feasibility of VATS segmentectomy. Results We found that VATS segmentectomy could be performed safely with a nil mortality rate and acceptably low morbidity. The mean period of observation was relatively short at 656.7±572.1 and 783.4±535.8 days in the intentional and compromised groups, respectively. At the time of writing, all intentional patients remain alive and free of recurrence. There were two cases of non-cancer-related death in the compromised group. Clinical data indicated that VATS segmentectomy caused the same number or fewer surgical insults compared with segmen-tectomy under standard thoractomy Conclusions The present results are intermediate only; the rate of long-term survival and the advantages of the less invasive procedure still need further investigation. Nevertheless, we believe that VATS segmentectomy with complete lymph node dissection is a reasonable treatment option for selected patients with small peripheral NSCLC.     

Hybrid video-assisted thoracic surgery basilar (S9-10) segmentectomy

We perform segmentectomy for patients with cT1N0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of 2 cm or less, even in good-risk patients. Hilar dissection and intersegmental dissection are performed by using mainly direct visualization through the access thoracotomy, which is called hybrid video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). Identification of the intersegmental plane is performed by selective jet ventilation under bronchofiberscopy. With this method, the segment to be removed can be inflated, while the segments to be preserved are kept deflated. When the intersegmental plane is being divided by electrocautery, direct visualization during the hybrid VATS approach is extremely important, because a 3-dimensional understanding of the pulmonary anatomy is crucial to avoid ambiguous procedures.     

Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: Applications and Outcome

Thoracoscopy has been revived and expanded by recent improvements in endoscopic technology. The enhanced application and outcome of VATS (video assisted thoracic surgery) was retrospectively studied. Between 1992 and 1995, 82 patients underwent diagnostic thoracoscopy or interventional VATS. Indications included: shortness of breath with nonspecific x-ray abnormality (45%), pulmonary nodule (25%), pleural effusion/empyema (21%), pneumothorax (14%), and hemoptysis, chronic cough or lung consolidation (5%). Sixty-six (83%) of the procedures were completed thoracoscopically. Eight procedures (10%) required addition of a utility mini-thoracotomy and 6 procedures (7%) were converted to formal thoracotomy. Specific diagnostic and/or therapeutic applications of VATS included: inspection; lysis of adhesions; stapling of blebs; biopsy of lung, pleura, or mediastinal structures; drainage and decortication of empyema; mechanical and chemical pleurodesis; wedge resection; and segmental resection.Diagnosis was established and/or treatment completed in 95% of cases. Pathologic diagnoses included: interstitial pneumonitis (22%), cancer (19%), bullous disease (15%), cocci nodule (9%), and other (18%). There were twentytwo complications (28.9%) and four deaths (4.8%). All four deaths were from causes unrelated to the surgery. The most common complications were: residual pneumothorax or hydrothorax (7), failed pleurodesis (3), and prolonged incisional pain (2).The advantage of reduced chest wall and muscle trauma utilizing VATS as opposed to traditional thoracotomy translates to less patient discomfort. The excellent magnified visualization afforded by VATS offers the opportunity to successfully conduct diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in the chest with equal or better visibility. Our findings suggest that the applicability and success of VATS is greatly expanding and its complication rate is less or, at worst, comparable to traditional thoracotomy.     

电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸61例

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)治疗自发性气胸的效果。方法2003年1月~2006年6月,对61例自发性气胸行VATS,用切割缝合器(Endo-GIA)切除肺大疱、肺大疱缝扎及胸膜固定术。结果58例行单侧VATS,其中1例加腋下小切口辅助;3例行同期双侧VATS。无中转开胸及术后严重并发症,术中56例发现肺大疱。58例单侧手术时间35~55min,平均46min,3例双侧手术时间分别为85、175、190min;术中出血量单侧30~45ml,平均40ml,双侧分别为55、60、200ml;术后胸腔引流量单侧230~500ml,平均390ml,双侧分别为350、1030、1200ml;术后胸腔引流管留置时间,单侧3~6d,平均4d,双侧分别为3、4、5d。61例随访4~24个月,平均8个月。1例术后2个月术侧复发,经闭式引流治愈。余60例无复发。结论VATS治疗自发性气胸疗效可靠,快捷安全。     

椎弓根钉钩板复位固定治疗腰椎滑脱的远期疗效

目的 研究椎弓根钉钩板(PSHP)复位固定治疗腰椎滑脱的远期疗效，并提出PSHP术式的适应征。方法 对12例施行椎弓根钉钩板复位固定治疗腰椎滑脱的患者(男5例，女7例，年龄25-53岁，平均38岁)，进行了近期平均6．3月，远期平均9年10个月的随访，进行影像学测量，包括滑脱率、滑脱角、椎间盘指数、融合率，并按日本骨科学会(JOA)标准进行评分。结果 PSHP术后，近期随访滑脱率、滑脱角、椎间盘指数、JOA评分均明显改善，远期随访滑脱率、滑脱角、椎间盘指数有少量的丢失，JOA评分略有增加，融合率达91．7％，无一例断钉发生。结论 椎弓根钉钩板(PSHP)复位固定治疗腰椎滑脱可以最大限度的保留脊柱功能，只要手术适应征选择正确，可以取得良好的长期疗效。     

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Management of Subacute Retained Blood Syndrome after Cardiac Surgery

Purpose: Blood loss along with inadequate evacuation after cardiac surgery leads to retained blood syndrome (RBS) in the pleural and/or pericardial cavity. Re-sternotomy is often needed for clot evacuation. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) evacuation is a less-invasive procedure. However, sufficient evidence on safety and outcomes is lacking.Methods: Thirty patients who developed hemothorax and/or hemopericardium after cardiac surgery and underwent VATS evacuation between April 2015 and September 2020 were included in this retrospective single-center analysis.Results: The median patient age was 70 (interquartile range: IQR 62–75) years, body mass index (BMI) was 24.7 (IQR 22.8–29) kg/m², time between initial cardiac surgery and VATS was 17 (IQR 11–21) days, 30% of the patients were female, 60% resided in the ICU, and 17% were nicotine users. Coronary artery bypass graft was the most frequent initial cardiac procedure. Median operation time was 120 (IQR 90–143) min, 23% of the patients needed an additional VATS, and the median length of hospital stay after VATS was 8 (IQR 5–14) days. All patients survived VATS, and we experienced no mortality related to the VATS procedure.Conclusion: In our study, VATS for evacuation of RBS after cardiac surgery was a feasible, safe, and efficient alternative approach to re-sternotomy in selected patients.