会阴“H”形切口在腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术中的应用

目的探讨会阴“H”形切口在腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术中的临床应用价值。方法2005年1月～2011年5月共完成46例腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术,其中23例采用传统会阴横切口进行阴道造穴（横切口组）,23例采用会阴“H”形切口进行阴道造穴（H形切口组）。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间及术后6个月时阴道深度、性生活满意率、两口间距、泌尿系感染人次。结果2组46例手术均取得成功,无术后并发症发生。2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。与横切口组相比,H形切口组术后6个月时阴道深度长[（9．5±0．6）cmVS．（8．6±0．4）cm,t=5．986,P=0．000],两口间距长[（1．0±0．4）cmvs．（0．6±0．3）cm,t=3．837,P=0．000],性生活满意率高[95％（38／40）VS．80％（32／40）,X2=4．114,P=0．043],泌尿系感染人次少（4人次VS．11人次,X2=4．847,P=0．028）。结论会阴“H”形切口用于腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术操作简单,成形的阴道较长,性生活满意率高,有推广应用价值。     

改良腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术与腹腔镜辅助回肠代阴道成形术的对比研究

目的 探讨改良腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术与腹腔镜辅助回肠代阴道成形术的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2011年6月-2013年6月我院60例先天性无阴道的临床资料,其中40例行改良腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术（腹膜组,n=40）,20例行腹腔镜辅助回肠代阴道成形术（回肠组,n=20）,对比2种术式的围手术期情况及术后疗效.结果 60例手术均成功.腹膜组手术时间（107.6±23.4）min明显短于回肠组（175.3±35.7）min（t=-8 819,P=0.000）;腹膜组术中出血量（23.2±1.8）ml显著少于回肠组（56.5±3.9）ml（t=-45.438,P=0.000）;腹膜组手术费用（4360±252）元明显少于回肠组（10 210±430）元（t=-66.471,P=0.000）;腹膜组术后住院时间（8.3±1.1）d明显短于回肠组（9.2±1.6）d（t=-2.557,P=0.013）;腹膜组无术后并发症,回肠组术后出现1例不全肠梗阻,保守治疗后痊愈,2组并发症发生率无统计学差异（Fisher＇s检验,P=0.333）.腹膜组人工阴道长度（7.5±2.1）cm与回肠组（8.5±3.4）cm无统计学差异（t=-1.405,P=0.165）.术后随访：2组人工阴道均可容2指,阴道壁黏膜粉红,弹性良好.腹膜组：3例人工阴道顶端出现肉芽组织,经切除、换药后愈合;阴道分泌物正常,1例已婚术后性生活满意,8例术后结婚,性生活满意.回肠组：阴道分泌物较多,无色水样液或黏液,无异味,但总量呈减少趋势,3个月后基本稳定;6例术后结婚,性生活基本满意.腹膜组9例性生活启动者女性性功能指数量表（female sexual function index,FSFI）总分（26.73±0.93）分,与回肠组6例性生活启动者FSFI总分（26.19±1.24）分比较无统计学差异（t=0.961,P=0.354）.结论 改良腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术与腹腔镜辅助回肠代阴道成形术均是满意可行的手术方式,但改良腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术手术时间短、术中出血量少、手术费用低,值得推广应用.     

腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术与乙状结肠阴道成形术的对比研究

目的比较腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术与乙状结肠阴道成形术的疗效. 方法 1998年3月～2003年4月对29例先天性无阴道采用腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术14例(腹膜阴道成形术组),乙状结肠阴道成形术15例(乙状结肠阴道成形术组). 结果腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术组1例失败,改乙状结肠阴道成形术,2组无手术并发症及术后病率.腹膜阴道成形术组手术时间(118.9±19.0) min 明显短于乙状结肠阴道成形术组(202.0±18.6)min (t=-11.674,P=0.000);术中出血量(36.2±12.6)ml明显少于乙状结肠阴道成形术组(105.3±46.3)ml (t=-5.205,P=0.000);2组手术术后阴道情况基本相同,但乙状结肠阴道成形术组阴道长度(10.8±1.1)cm长于腹膜阴道成形术组(9.0±0.8)cm(t=-4.882,P=0.000);乙状结肠阴道成形术组3例阴道分泌物偏多,4例有异味;2组性生活满意程度基本相同. 结论腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术与乙状结肠阴道成形术疗效相似,但手术创伤小于乙状结肠阴道成形术.     

腹腔镜下乙状结肠联合直肠代阴道成形术的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下乙状结肠联合直肠代阴道成形术的手术疗效。方法回顾性分析25例行腹腔镜下乙状结肠联合直肠代阴道成形术患者（腹腔镜组）的临床资料,并与同期行开腹乙状结肠代阴道手术的16例患者（开腹组）进行比较。结果与开腹组相比,腹腔镜组病例手术时间更短、术中出血量更少、术后排气更快、术后住院时间更短（均P〈0．05）。开腹组围手术期并发症发生率为25％（4／16）．而腹腔镜组无一例出现围手术期并发症,术后1年．腹腔镜组患者性生活满意率为77．3％（17／22）,明显高于开腹组的40．0％（6／15,P〈0．05）。结论腹腔镜下乙状结肠联合直肠代阴道成形术除了具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点,更能获得较为满意的性生活质量。     

腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术21例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术的临床价值。方法 2006年1月～2011年1月对21例先天性无阴道在腹腔镜监视下,分离盆腔腹膜,于尿道、膀胱与直肠间隙间建立阴道＂隧道＂,将4根腹膜牵引线经人工阴道牵出,覆盖人工阴道腔穴,直达阴道口,与前庭黏膜切口做间断缝合,腹腔镜下关闭盆腔内腹膜,将木制阴道模型置入人工阴道内,术后定期扩张阴道。随访Olson婚姻质量问卷ENRICH性生活因子评分。结果 21例手术均成功,无尿道、膀胱、直肠损伤。手术时间（80.5±10.7）min,术中出血量（10.8±4.6）ml,术后住院时间（5.0±1.6）d。截止2011年1月,21例术后随访10 d～5年,（2.0±0.3）年,术后有性生活的20例性生活因子评分为（35.50±4.54）分,问卷常模为（37.60±6.90）分,无显著性差异（t=2.070,P=0.052）。结论腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术具有创伤小、恢复快和术后性生活满意的特点。     

腹腔镜下乙状结肠襻移植阴道成形术后性功能比较的研究

目的评价腹腔镜下乙状结肠襻移植阴道成形术后的性功能。方法 2007年8月～2010年10月,我院对67例先天性无阴道实施腹腔镜下乙状结肠襻移植阴道成形术,术后通过体格检查、性功能评分及患者满意度调查,评估术后性功能。结果 67例手术均获成功,术后外阴形态良好,再造阴道长度10～15 cm,（12.9±1.3）cm,阴道宽度2.5～3.8cm,（3.2±0.3）cm,阴道壁柔软、湿润,有弹性。41例术后有性生活,37例（90.2%）对性生活感觉满意;手术总体效果满意度评分6～10分,（8.4±0.7）分;术后生活质量改善程度评分6～10分,（8.2±0.6）分。通过女性性功能指数量表（FSFI）对患者术后性生活情况进行评分,并与30例健康女性（对照组,年龄与研究组无显著性差异）比较,研究组除阴道润滑度得分与对照组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）外,其余方面得分及总分均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论腹腔镜下乙状结肠襻移植阴道成形术后患者性生活满意度高,FSFI评分除阴道润滑度得分与健康女性无显著性差异外,其他方面得分及总分均明显低于健康女性。     

腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术人工穴道的形成(罗湖Ⅱ式)(附391例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术人工穴道的形成方法及并发症的预防措施。方法:2007年11月至2013年11月为391例先天性无阴道患者施行腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术(罗湖Ⅱ式),观察分析其手术情况、手术效果及并发症情况。结果:390例顺利完成腹腔镜手术,1例中转开腹行带血管蒂回肠代阴道成形术。手术时间平均(55±15)min;术中中位出血量10 ml。其中直肠损伤8例,发生率2.05%,无膀胱尿道损伤。术后21~28 d阴道长度8~12 cm,平均(9.0±1.5)cm。结论:人工造穴是腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术的关键步骤之一,术中应预防出血及膀胱直肠损伤等并发症的发生。弹头型阴道扩张棒使人工造穴手术操作更简单、安全,术中使用水压分离可有效减少膀胱及直肠损伤。     

改良Vechitti阴道成形与腹膜阴道成形术的对比研究

目的 对比于腹腔镜下采用改良Vechitti阴道成形与腹膜阴道成形术的临床效果.方法 2005年1月至2011年3月,对43例患者于腹腔镜下分别行改良Vechitti阴道成形(改良Vechitti组,n=26)和腹膜阴道成形术(腹膜组,n=17),并分析比较了2组患者的手术用时、术中出血量,以及术后阴道长度和成形阴道的性状.结果 改良Vechitti组26例均取得成功,仅1例于术后1个月模型脱出,经更换小一号模型逐渐扩张3d后再换回原大模型,结果预后良好.腹膜组17例均取得成功,无并发症发生.2组患者成形之阴道均宽敞,黏膜呈粉红色,有皱壁、润滑、弹性好,外阴外观也无改变,性生活均满意.改良Vechitti组的手术用时、术中出血量均较腹膜组少,但成形的阴道长度为(7.8±0.4) cm,明显短于腹膜组的(8.8±0.6) cm(t =6.45,P＜0.01).结论 腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术手术操作相对复杂,手术时间长,但成形后的阴道长,阴道性状更接近正常女性,远期疗效也较好.     

腹壁悬吊式腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠阴道成形术在治疗先天无阴道的临床应用

目的通过气腹腹腔镜和腹壁悬吊式腹腔镜2种条件下进行乙状结肠阴道成形术的对比研究,评价腹壁悬吊式腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠阴道成形术的安全性和可行性。方法对83例先天性无阴道女性实施腹腔镜乙状结肠阴道成形术,其中悬吊组31例,气腹组52例,比较2组手术时间、术中出血量和术后肛门排气时间。结果全部手术均成功,无中转开腹病例。悬吊组手术时间（151.0±26.6）min,较气腹组（170.2±32.1）min明显缩短（t=2.806,P=0.006）;悬吊组术中出血量（94.5±46.5）ml,较气腹组（127.1±76.0）ml明显减少（t=2.157,P=0.034）;悬吊组术后肛门排气时间为（2.5±0.7）d,与气腹组（2.3±0.7）d无统计学意义（t=-1.259,P=0.212）。结论腹壁悬吊式腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠阴道成形术在手术通路的建立、腹腔内外操作的转换以及腹腔镜监视下完成阴道造穴全过程等方面较气腹腹腔镜有明显的优势,使手术变得更安全、更简捷。     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗直肠癌的临床对照研究

目的对比腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗直肠癌的临床疗效,探讨腹腔镜治疗直肠癌的安全性及短期疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年4月至2012年6月复旦大学附属中山医院治疗直肠癌患者的临床资料,其中腹腔镜手术96例（腹腔镜组）,开腹手术216例（开腹组）,对两组患者的临床结果进行分析对比。结果腹腔镜组与开腹组全直肠系膜切除总体完成率分别为86．5％（83／96）和89．4％（193／216）（P〉0．05）,总体保肛率分别为78．1％（75／96）和75．0％（162／216）（P〉0．05）。肿瘤近切缘距离分别为（10．3±4．1）cm和（10．0±4．3）cm（P〉0．05）,肿瘤远切缘距离分别为（3．4±0．9）cm和（3．6±1．4）cm（P〉0．05）,淋巴结清扫数目分别为（12．8±5．2）枚／例和（13．7±6．4）枚／例（P〉0．05）。腹腔镜组与开腹组相比,术中出血量减少[（98．0±28．7）ml比（175．0±41．0）ml,P〈0．05]、术后排气时间缩短[（2．7±0．9）d比（3.4±0．9）d,P〈0．05]、术后进食半流质时间缩短[（3．7±1．2）d比（4.4±1．5）d,P〈0．05]、术后住院天数减少[（9．4±4．9）d比（11．6±6．2）d,P〈0．05]以及术后并发症发生率降低[15．6％（15／96）比25．9％（56／216）,P〈0．05],但手术时间延长[（155．7±48．4）min比（120．0±26．7）min,P〈0．05]。均无手术死亡病例。术后随访6—24月,两组均无死亡病例,局部复发率分别为2．1％（2／96）和2．3％（5／216）（P〉0．05）。结论腹腔镜治疗直肠癌能获得与传统开腹直肠癌根治术相同的肿瘤根治效果。     

不同ABO血型病人自控静脉镇痛药物用量的比较

目的 比较不同ABO血型病人自控静脉镇痛的药物用量.方法 择期全麻下行子宫肌瘤剔除术或子宫全切术病人100例,年龄30～50岁,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,体重指数＜30 kg/m2,根据血型分为A组(n=25)、B组(n=30)、AB组(n=11)和O组(n=34).手术结束前30 min静脉注射氟比洛芬酯1 mg/kg,术毕时静脉注射舒芬太尼,VAS评分≤4分时行病人自控静脉镇痛,镇痛药物为舒芬太尼1.2μg/ml,背景输注速率0.5 ml/h,PCA量2.0 ml,锁定时间5 min.记录舒芬太尼的负荷量和术后第1、2天的用量.结果 舒芬太尼负荷量和术后第1天用量A组和B组最高,AB组次之,O组最低(P＜0.05).结论 不同ABO血型病人自控静脉镇痛药物用量存在差异.     

202例糖尿病患者并发非糖尿病性肾损害的临床病理

目的 探讨糖尿病患者并发非糖尿病性肾脏病变（NDRD）的临床表现与病理特点。 方法 回顾分析2003年1月1日至2010年12月31日在我院住院肾活检证实的202例糖尿病并发NDRD患者的临床表现和病理类型。根据年龄将患者分为青年（≤35岁）组、中年（36～59岁）组和老年（≥60岁）组,对比分析3组患者的临床表现和病理特点。 结果 青年组33例,临床表现主要为慢性肾炎综合征,占42.4％;肾脏病理主要为IgA肾病,占36.4％。中年组136例,临床表现多样化,依次为慢性肾炎综合征（35.3%）、肾病综合征（27.2％）、慢性肾衰竭（17.6%）、隐匿性肾炎（14.7％）、急性肾衰竭（5.1%）;肾脏病理主要为IgA肾病,占42.6％。老年组33例,临床表现为肾病综合征（30.3％）、慢性肾衰竭（30.3%）;肾脏病理主要为膜性肾病,占27.3％。 结论 糖尿病并发NDRD患者临床表现方面,青年组以慢性肾炎为主,中年组临床表现多样化,老年组以肾病综合征和慢性肾衰竭为主;病理类型方面,青年组和中年组以IgA肾病为主,老年组以膜性肾病为主。     

改良间歇负压封闭引流治疗压疮疗效观察

目的克服负压封闭引流(VSD)治疗压疮的不足,提供高质量的压疮治疗方法。方法将87例Ⅱ~Ⅳ期压疮患者按分层随机抽样法分为三组。对照组(22例)处理创面后,喷撒利福平粉剂;VSD组(35例)创面应用VSD持续负压吸引;改良VSD组(30例)在常规VSD治疗的基础上,将1个厌氧包压在VSD敷料上,同时每日夜间停止负压吸引12 h。结果三组压疮治疗效果及治愈时间比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);改良VSD组和VSD组比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);改良VSD组、VSD组治疗效果均显著高于对照组,治愈时间显著短于对照组(均P<0.05)。改良VSD组匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)测评结果除睡眠时间外,其余6个成分及总分显著低于VSD组(均P<0.01)。结论改良间歇VSD治疗在保证与常规VSD治疗同等疗效的前提下,避免了持续吸引带来的噪声、影响睡眠质量、被动体位等不良影响。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后血浆TBIL、ALT、AST升高原因探讨

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy,LC)后血浆TBIL、ALT、AST升高原因。方法 本课题对我院1999年9-10月收治的胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎95例患者,随机分为A、B、C三组.A组32例,B组32例,C组31例。A组病人LC术中CO2气腹压维持在10mmHg,采用Stryker-200型单极电刀切除胆囊,胆囊床普遍电凝处理;B组病人LC术中CO2气腹压同A组,采用弯剪刀切除胆囊,钛夹钳闭止血,置放腹腔引流管;C组病人LC术中CO:气腹压维持在15mmHg,切除胆囊方法同B组。术后1、3、5、7天抽取患者外周静脉血送实验室测定TBIL、ALT、AST。结果 A组患者术后1、3天TBIL、ALT、AST水平变化均显著升高,第5天开始下降,第7天基本恢复正常,B、C组患者术后1、3、5、7天血浆TBIL、ALT、AST指标均无明显升高。三组患者血浆TBIL,、ALT、AST等三项指标变化均数经t检验统计学处理显示:A组患者术后1、3天三项指标变化与B组患者1、3天三项指标变化相比,A组差异有显著性临床意义(P<0.01);与C组患者术后1、3天三项指标变化相比,A组仍有显著性临床意义(P<0.01);而B组与C组术后1、3、5、7天三项指标变化相比无差异(P>0.05)。结论 LC术中CO2气腹压维持在15mmHg时对肝功能无明显影响,电凝电切所致热损是术后TBIL、ALT、AST指标升高的主要原因。     

Effect of Cold Application and Tizanidine on Clonus: Clinical and Electrophysiological Assessment

Background/Objectives:

Clonus is an involuntary rhythmic muscle contraction after sudden muscle stretch that occurs as a result of a lesion in the upper motor neurons. The real mechanism behind clonus remains obscure. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of central-acting tizanidine treatment and peripheral extremity cooling on clonus.

Participants:

Thirty-eight patients with upper motor neuron involvement and sustained clonus.

Methods:

The 38 patients were divided into 3 groups: cold group (n = 19), tizanidine group (n = 13), and patient control group (n = 6). A separate group of 21 able-bodied volunteers served as controls for the cold group. The physiologic effects of cold application were measured in the able-bodied group and compared with the effects in the patients in the cold group. All participants were evaluated by clinical and electrophysiologic measurements.

Results:

Changes in clinical and electrophysiologic measurements in the cold group were statistically significant compared with those of the tizanidine and patient control groups.

Conclusions:

Subsequent and long-term cold application induced prolonged inhibitory effects on clonus. Tizanidine had no significant effect on clonus. Suppression of clonus by cold highlights the importance of peripheral input in relation to central mechanisms.     

Is endosonography guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for sarcoidosis as good as we think?

BACKGROUND: Preliminary data show that endosonography guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) may be an accurate method for diagnosing sarcoidosis. However, these data were obtained in a small selected group of patients with a very high pretest probability of sarcoidosis. This retrospective study reports on the use of EUS-FNA in an unselected group of patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy of unknown origin. METHODS: The EUS database of a single tertiary referral centre was reviewed for patients who underwent EUS-FNA for mediastinal lymphadenopathy of unknown origin. Clinical presentation and imaging studies of each case were carefully reviewed and the diagnosis "sarcoidosis" or "no sarcoidosis" attributed if possible. The diagnoses were compared with the result of EUS-FNA. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty four patients were investigated. In 35 cases EUS-FNA identified granulomas (group 1); in the other 89 cases (group 2) no granulomas were detected. The definite diagnoses in group 1 were sarcoidosis (n = 25), indefinite (n = 7), no sarcoidosis (n = 3). The definite diagnoses in group 2 were sarcoidosis (n = 3), indefinite (n = 9), no sarcoidosis (n = 77). Of the 77 cases with no sarcoidosis, 44 were diagnosed with other diseases. The other 33 showed non-specific changes in the FNA and sarcoidosis was excluded by negative non-EUS pathology (n = 17) and clinical presentation. The sensitivity and specificity for EUS-FNA were 89% (95% CI 82 to 94) and 96% (95% CI 91 to 98), respectively, after exclusion of the indefinite cases in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: EUS-FNA is an accurate method for diagnosing sarcoidosis in an unselected group of patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The reported sensitivity and specificity must be appreciated in the context of the difficult and often incomplete clinical diagnosis of sarcoidosis.     

Bronchial fistulae closure by hydatid lung cysts in children

The comparative analysis by bronchial fistulae closure by hydatid lung cysts in children using two surgical techniques was conducted. All patients were divided in two groups: the first group (n = 98) included cases of fistula closure using the traditional solitary Z-suture; the second group (n = 54) had fistula closure with the use of the original method. The least was thoroughly described in the paper. The were no cases of postoperative complications among patients of the 2nd group, whereas 6 patients of the 1st group had bronchial fistula recurrence after the operation.     

Primary cemented total hip arthroplasty: 10 years follow-up

Background:

Primary cemented total hip arthroplasty is a procedure for non-traumatic and traumatic affections of the hip. Long term follow-up is required to assess the longevity of the implant and establish the procedure. Indo-Asian literature on long term result of total hip arthroplasty is sparse. We present a 10-year follow-up of our patients of primary cemented total hip arthroplasty.

Materials and Methods:

We operated 31 hips in 30 patients with primary cemented total hip arthroplasty. We followed the cases for a minimum period of 10 years with a mean follow-up period of 12.7 years. The mean age of the patients was 60.7 years (range 37–82 yrs) male to female ratio was 2:1. The clinical diagnoses included - avascular necrosis of femoral head (n=15), sero positive rheumatoid arthritis (n=5), seronegative spondylo-arthropathy (n=4), neglected femoral neck fractures (n=3), healed tubercular arthritis (n=2) and post traumatic osteoarthritis of hip (n=2). The prostheses used were cemented Charnley’s total hip (n=12) and cemented modular prosthesis (n=19). The results were assessed according to Harris hip score and radiographs taken at yearly intervals.

Results:

The mean follow-up is 12.7 yrs (range 11-16 yrs) Results in all operated patients showed marked improvement in Harris hip score from preoperative mean 29.2 to 79.9 at 10 years or more followup. However, the non-inflammatory group showed more sustained long term improvement as compared to the inflammatory group, as revealed by the Harris hip score. Mean blood loss was 450ml (±3.7 ml), mean transfusion rate was 1.2 units (±.3). The complications were hypotension (n=7), shortening >1.5 cm (n=9), superficial infection (n=2) and malposition of prosthesis (n=1).

Conclusion:

The needs of Indian Asian patients, vary from what is discussed in literature. The pain tolerance is greater than western population and financial constraints are high. Thus revision surgery among Indian-Asian patients is less compared to western yard sticks.     

右肝蒂Glisson鞘外阻断在腹腔镜右半肝切除术中的应用初探

目的 探讨右肝蒂Glisson鞘外血流阻断在腹腔镜右半肝切除术中应用的安全性和近期疗效。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月1日至2019年6月30日湖南省人民医院行腹腔镜右半肝切除术患者的临床资料。本组共71例,按血流阻断方式分为两组,A组采用右肝蒂Glisson鞘外血流阻断（n=30）,B组采用Pringle血流阻断（n=41）,比较两组病例手术时间、术中失血量、术后住院时间、近期并发症及围术期白细胞计数、肝功能等。结果 两组均无围手术期死亡病例。两组手术时间、术中失血量、术后白蛋白和近期并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;A组术后住院时间较B组短,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A组术后第1、3天白细胞低于B组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,但术后第7天两组白细胞无统计学差异（P>0.05）;A组术后第1、3、7天ALT、AST、TBIL均低于B组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 右肝蒂Glisson鞘外血流阻断在腹腔镜右半肝切除中的应用是安全、有效的,并且对患者术后肝功能影响更小、患者术后恢复更快。     

Bladder management methods and urological complications in spinal cord injury patients

Background:

The optimal bladder management method should preserve renal function and minimize the risk of urinary tract complications. The present study is conducted to assess the overall incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI) and other urological complications in spinal cord injury patients (SCI), and to compare the incidence of these complications with different bladder management subgroups.

Materials and Methods:

545 patients (386 males and 159 females) of traumatic spinal cord injury with the mean age of 35.4±16.2 years (range, 18 – 73 years) were included in the study. The data regarding demography, bladder type, method of bladder management, and urological complications, were recorded. Bladder management methods included indwelling catheterization in 224 cases, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) in 180 cases, condom drainage in 45 cases, suprapubic cystostomy in 24 cases, reflex voiding in 32 cases, and normal voiding in 40 cases. We assessed the incidence of UTI and bacteriuria as the number of episodes per hundred person-days, and other urological complications as percentages.

Results:

The overall incidence of bacteriuria was 1.70 / hundred person-days. The overall incidenceof urinary tract infection was 0.64 / hundered person-days. The incidence of UTI per 100 person-days was 2.68 for indwelling catheterization, 0.34 for CIC, 0.34 for condom drainage, 0.56 for suprapubic cystostomy, 0.34 for reflex voiding, and 0.32 for normal voiding. Other urological complications recorded were urethral stricture (n=66, 12.1%), urethritis (n=78, 14.3%), periurethral abscess (n=45, 8.2%), epididymorchitis (n=44, 8.07%), urethral false passage (n=22, 4.03%), urethral fistula (n=11, 2%), lithiasis (n=23, 4.2%), hematuria (n=44, 8.07%), stress incontinence (n=60, 11%), and pyelonephritis (n=6, 1.1%). Clean intermittent catheterization was associated with lower incidence of urological complications, in comparison to indwelling catheterization.

Conclusions:

Urinary tract complications largely appeared to be confined to the lower urinary tract. The incidence of UTI and other urological complications is lower in patients on CIC in comparison to the patients on indwelling catheterizations. Encouraging CIC; early recognition and treatment of the UTI and urological complications; and a regular follow up is necessary to reduce the medical morbidity.