非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术91例

目的 总结91例非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）的手术经验。方法 2002年4月～2007年4月,采用非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术治疗冠心病91例,男83例,女8例,年龄36～80岁,其中二支血管病变13例,三支血管病变78例,合并左主干病变15例,均在非体外循环、心脏不停跳下进行冠状动脉旁路移植术,8例搭桥4支,67例搭桥3支,16例搭桥2支。89例应用左乳内动脉吻合前降支,15例应用桡动脉吻合后降支,其余均采用大隐静脉吻合。8例应用主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）。结果 全组91例共行冠脉搭桥265支,平均2．91支／人,全组死亡1例,全组无出血和脑部并发症发生。结论 非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术是安全可行的手术方式,可避免体外循环的并发症．手术效果满意。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术45例临床分析

目的报告冠状动脉旁路移植手术治疗冠心病的临床结果及体会。方法回顾性分析冠状动脉旁路移植手术45例临床资料。应用体外循环9例,非体外循环36例。总搭桥144支,平均搭桥3.2支,其中双乳内动脉搭桥2例、左乳内动脉搭桥38例、＂Y＂型桥8例、序贯搭桥5例。结果全组无手术死亡,术后患者心绞痛症状均有缓解或消失。结论合理的选择患者和手术方式、充分的术前准备、良好的心肌保护以及围术期治疗是开展冠状动脉旁路移植手术保证安全和疗效的关键因素。     

13例冠状动脉旁路术的临床分析

目的 报告13例冠状动脉旁路术的临床体会。方法 体外循环下手术9例。非体外循环心脏跳动下手术4例,其中3例同期行心肌激光血运重建术,单支病变2例、双支病变3例、三支病变7例、左主干病变1例。平均每例搭桥2.3支。结果 全组无手术死亡,术后心绞痛消失11例,减轻2例。结论 冠状动脉旁路术是安全的手术,非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路术可减少术后输血及并发症,患者术后恢复快。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术56例报道

目的总结分析56例冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的临床经验.方法 1999年10月～2003年11月,我院对56例冠心病患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术.左主干病变4例,单支病变3例,双支病变13例,三支病变36例.全部胸骨正中切口,42例在体外循环下进行,17例在非体外循环下进行.乳内动脉搭桥26根,大隐静脉搭桥128根,人均搭桥2.8支.结果全组死亡1例,其余患者痊愈出院,术后心绞痛完全消失或明显减轻.随访2～48个月效果良好.结论 CABG是治疗冠心病的一种安全有效的方法,合理选择病人,妥善围手术期管理,术中良好的心肌保护及不断提高外科操作技术是提高手术成功率的关键.     

重症冠心病非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术及围术期处理

目的总结重症冠心病在非体外循环心脏不停跳下行冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCABG)的经验.方法 20例重症冠心病者,全部采用OPCABG,选用乳内动脉、桡动脉、大隐静脉作为移植血管材料.共搭桥64支,平均3.2支.术中使用CTS心脏固定器.加强围手术期处理.结果全组无围术期急性心肌梗塞,无死亡病例.术后心绞痛症状全部缓解,住院天数为19～45天,平均25.2天.结论非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥手术安全、有效,可用于多支病变或/和危重急症患者.主动脉内球囊反搏是治疗冠心病严重并发症和围手术期心衰很有效的辅助装置.合理的围术期处理对手术效果很重要.     

重症冠心病非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术及围术期处理

目的总结重症冠心病在非体外循环心脏不停跳下行冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCABG)的经验.方法 20例重症冠心病者,全部采用OPCABG,选用乳内动脉、桡动脉、大隐静脉作为移植血管材料.共搭桥64支,平均3.2支.术中使用CTS心脏固定器.加强围手术期处理.结果全组无围术期急性心肌梗塞,无死亡病例.术后心绞痛症状全部缓解,住院天数为19～45天,平均25.2天.结论非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥手术安全、有效,可用于多支病变或/和危重急症患者.主动脉内球囊反搏是治疗冠心病严重并发症和围手术期心衰很有效的辅助装置.合理的围术期处理对手术效果很重要.     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病25例

目的 :回顾冠状动脉旁路移植术 ( CABG)治疗冠心病的早期效果和经验。方法 :2 5例冠心病病人92 %为多支冠状动脉病变。 1 0例左室射血分数 ( EF)≤ 45 % ,其中 4例 <30 %。所有患者均有心绞痛症状 ,CCS ～ 级。 1 0例在非体外循环、心脏不停跳下手术 ,余为低温体外循环 ( CPB)下手术。 1 4例采用左乳内动脉与左前降支搭桥 ,余均为大隐静脉桥 ,人均搭桥 3.0 8支。同期行激光心肌血管重建术 ( TMLR) 3例。结果 :2 5例 CABG临床效果良好 ,无手术死亡。术后 96%的患者心绞痛症状完全消失。结论 :CABG是一种治疗冠心病安全和有效的方法 ,近期临床效果满意。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植135例围手术期处理

目的:总结非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植的围手术期处理经验。方法:对135例冠心病患者施行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术,其中单支病变15例,双支病变21例,三支病变99例。有经皮冠状动脉腔内支架治疗史1例。结果:每例行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植1～5支,平均3.1支。死亡1例(0.74%),围手术期并发症发生率15.5%(21/135)。结论:提高围术期处理技巧对提高冠状动脉旁路移植手术成功率、减少并发症具有重要意义。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床应用

目的:探讨非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的手术经验及临床应用。方法:回顾分析我院自2004年3月-2007年12月采用非体外循环不停跳下进行冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病37例的临床资料,全组均应用左乳内动脉吻合前降支,2例患者术前及术中应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)临时辅助。结果:全组37例共行冠脉搭桥109支,平均2.94支/人,3例搭桥4支,29例搭桥3支,5例搭桥2支。全组死亡1例,全组无出血和脑部并发症发生。结论:非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术是安全可行的手术方式,可避免体外循环的并发症,手术效果满意。     

冠状动脉搭桥970例

目的总结我院970例行冠状动脉搭桥手术(CABG)患者的临床资料,分析手术中的难点,总结围术期处理的要点,以提高CABG的疗效。方法1997年5月至2004年11月共行CABG 970例,其中停跳下行CABG 394例,不停跳下行CABG 382例,单纯激光心肌血运重建术(TMLR)30例,CABG TMLR 50例,CABG 瓣膜手术67例,CABG 室壁瘤手术41例,CABG 左房黏液瘤切除术2例,CABG 室间隔穿孔修补术2例,CABG 升主动脉成形术1例,CABG 纵隔内肿瘤切除术1例。结果平均冠状动脉搭桥数量为(2．8±1．0)支。住院期间死亡37例,病死率为3．8%。术后心绞痛症状明显缓解,生活质量较术前大为提高。结论合理地开展CABG是治疗冠心病的有效手段。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.