负压封闭引流技术结合皮瓣移植治疗深度手足烧伤

目的探讨深度手足烧伤创面的处理及修复方式。方法 13例手足深度烧伤Ⅰ期切痂扩创后采用封闭负压引流技术（VSD）处理7～10天;Ⅱ期采用腹部带蒂皮瓣移植修复手部创面9例,股前外侧游离皮瓣移植修复足背创面4例。结果经VSD持续使用7～10天后,13例患者手足创面干净,无分泌物,肉芽新鲜,神经、肌腱、骨、关节组织部分或全部为肉芽组织覆盖,创面培养无细菌生长;9例腹部带蒂皮瓣移植全部成活;4例股前外侧皮瓣移植除1例因静脉回流受阻皮瓣远端出现部分坏死,经换药肉芽创面植皮修复外,其余皮瓣均成活。随访6～12个月,皮瓣外观稍显臃肿,手足功能良好。结论负压封闭引流技术能清洁创面,刺激肉芽生长,改善创面微循环,为皮瓣移植创造有利条件。VSD结合皮瓣移植能及时覆盖手足深度烧伤后软组织缺损伴神经、肌腱、骨及关节等外露组织,保护了手足功能。     

功能部位皮肤软组织缺损创面治疗的新选择

目的：总结封闭式负压引流（vacuum-assisted closure, VAC）技术联合人工真皮（PELNAC）治疗功能部位皮肤软组织缺损创面的良好效果,推广该治疗方法的『陆床应用。方法：2008年3月-2011年12月,笔者应用VAC联合FELNAC治疗11例患者13处创面,其中车祸伤9例、自行车辐条搅伤1例、过山车滚轮碾压伤1例,所有创面均位于下肢,均为关节功能部位创面,9例有深部组织外露,伴有不同程度的关节功能障碍。围手术期行全身支持治疗,尽快扩创,行VAC治疗,创面肉芽组织生长新鲜后行PELNAC移植,PELNAC血管化后,行自体刃厚皮片移植。结果：所有创面经VAC治疗后,肉芽组织生长迅速,部分或完全覆盖深部外露组织,行PELNAC加自体刃厚皮片移植,12处创面一次性愈合,总治愈率为92．3％。随访半年-3年,创面愈合后无明显瘢痕增生,外观较好,功能佳。结论：VAC联合人工真皮治疗功能部深创面,明显缩短疗程,提高愈合质量,值得进一步推广使用。     

小面积深度烧伤创面大张厚皮移植临床应用

深度烧伤创面由于种种原因常常导致延期愈合,创面肉芽老化易感染,导致植皮失败,故多主张小片皮、网状皮或大张薄皮片移植.但愈合后遗留瘢痕,不耐磨擦,外观差,关节部位易挛缩,影响功能[1].随着生活水平的提高,病人对愈合质量要求越来越高,特别是一些小面积深度烧伤患者和一些暴露部位深度烧伤.笔者对这类创面处理进行了改良,有效控制肉芽创面感染,同时利用整形外科技术,用大张自体中厚或全厚皮移植修复晚期创面,取得了比较满意的效果.现总结如下.     

人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片移植治疗烧伤后关节瘢痕挛缩

目的观察人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片移植治疗烧伤后关节部位瘢痕挛缩的疗效。方法选择深度烧伤后期瘢痕严重增生挛缩造成关节畸形的患者40例,共46个关节部位。在全身麻醉下切除挛缩瘢痕,彻底松解,矫正关节畸形,先用人工真皮覆盖创面,后移植自体刃厚皮片。嘱患者早期行功能锻炼。术后随访6个月,对术后局部外形、弹性、硬度、关节功能等进行效果评价。结果所有患者利用人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片移植后皮瓣全部成活,外形、质地及关节功能明显改善。结论人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片移植术可用于治疗深度烧伤患者关节部位的瘢痕挛缩。     

Meek植皮技术在烧伤肉芽创面的临床应用

目的探讨治疗大面积深度烧伤病人因自体皮源缺乏，错过早期植皮机会时，形成肉芽创面，故在肉芽创面上行Meek植皮的可行性。方法本组16例病人，平均烧伤面积为65％TBSA，II度烧伤面积45％TBSA，伤后20～35天及肉芽创面上行Meek植皮。结果30个部位中26个部位效果良好，只有4个部位失败，有效率为86．7％。结论治疗大面积深度烧伤患者错过早期切痂机会时．在肉芽创面上行Meek植皮是可行的。     

大块中厚自体皮在功能部位感染创面的应用

功能部位深度烧伤的治疗,采用早期切、削痂移植大块中厚自体皮的效果已为人们公认。但对于已感染的创面失去早期切、削痂时机者,多采用肉芽创面上移植刃厚小皮片封闭创面。此法虽能封闭创面,但愈后将遗有较严重的疤痕挛缩和功能障碍,常需整形手术纠正。我们对已感染的功能部位烧伤创面行大块     

自体皮浆埋入植皮术在慢性肉芽创面上的应用

自体皮浆埋入植皮术在慢性肉芽创面上的应用吕国忠周锡兴樊玉卿在烧伤外科及普通外科，神经内科经常会遇到一些特殊部位如会阴部、尾骶部、臀部、大关节处等部位的慢性肉芽创面，由于反复感染，经久不愈。近２年，我们创用了自体皮浆埋入植皮的方法来治疗上述创面，取得了...     

不同止血法在头部取皮术中的应用效果

1 对象与方法 1.1 病例入选标准 (1)2000-2009年我院烧伤科住院患者,年龄2～60岁,性别不限.(2)因肉芽创面或非关节、功能部位深度烧伤创面切削痂后需移植刃厚皮者.(3)无头皮烧伤、颈椎头颅骨折等情况,无糖尿病等慢性疾病史.     

不同止血法在头部取皮术中的应用效果

1 对象与方法 1.1 病例入选标准 (1)2000-2009年我院烧伤科住院患者,年龄2～60岁,性别不限.(2)因肉芽创面或非关节、功能部位深度烧伤创面切削痂后需移植刃厚皮者.(3)无头皮烧伤、颈椎头颅骨折等情况,无糖尿病等慢性疾病史.     

不同止血法在头部取皮术中的应用效果

1 对象与方法 1.1 病例入选标准 (1)2000-2009年我院烧伤科住院患者,年龄2～60岁,性别不限.(2)因肉芽创面或非关节、功能部位深度烧伤创面切削痂后需移植刃厚皮者.(3)无头皮烧伤、颈椎头颅骨折等情况,无糖尿病等慢性疾病史.     

异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与头皮薄皮片复合移植

目的探索异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与头皮薄皮片复合移植在整形修复方面应用的可行性.方法将制备好的异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质移植于烧伤切痂、肉芽及瘢痕切除的创面上,4～5 d后再移植自体头皮薄皮片,并观察其成活率,以及创面修复后的质量.结果 15例25个创面,脱细胞真皮基质的成活率(96.40±2.60)%,头皮薄皮片的成活率(97.44±3.50)%,创面愈合后皮肤的颜色与正常皮肤近似,外观平整,弹性良好,无明显的瘢痕增生,相当或接近于自体大张中厚皮片移植的修复效果.结论异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与自体头皮薄皮片复合移植,成活率高,整复效果较为满意,头皮供区可反复供皮而不留瘢痕及影响头发生长,是修复深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后创面的可行手术方法.     

Principles and practices for treatment of cutaneous wounds with cultured skin substitutes

BACKGROUND: Skin substitutes prepared from cultured skin cells and biopolymers may reduce requirements for donor skin autograft, and have been shown to be effective in treatment of excised burns, burn scars, and congenital skin lesions. DATA SOURCES: Cultured skin substitutes (CSS) generate skin phenotypes (epidermal barrier, basement membrane) in the laboratory, and restore tissue function and systemic homeostasis. Healed skin is smooth, soft and strong, but develops irregular degrees of pigmentation. Quantitative analysis demonstrates that CSS closes 67 times the area of the donor skin, compared to less than 4 times for split-thickness skin autograft. CONCLUSIONS: CSS reduce requirements for donor skin autograft for closure of excised, full-thickness cutaneous wounds, and demonstrate qualitative outcome that is not different from meshed, split-thickness autograft. These results offer reductions in morbidity and mortality for the treatment of burns and chronic wounds, and for cutaneous reconstruction.     

微粒皮移植治疗大面积深度烧伤后关节瘢痕挛缩的初步体会

目的 探讨大面积深度烧伤病人自体微粒皮与大张异体皮移植术治疗关节部位瘢痕挛缩的方法.方法 选择大面积深度烧伤后期瘢痕严重增生挛缩造成关节畸形而自体皮匮乏的病人11例,共31个关节,在全麻下切除部分瘢痕,彻底松解,矫正关节畸形,用微粒皮加异体皮覆盖创面,术后进行植皮区压迫和早期功能锻炼.随访12个月以上.通过术前、术后的皮肤外观、关节功能、组织学观察等进行效果评价.结果 微粒皮移植者皮肤外观及关节功能明显改善;组织学可见表皮较厚,部分可见表皮脚,真皮层较薄,胶原纤维排列较有规律.结论 微粒皮加大张异体皮移植术可用于治疗大面积深度烧伤病人关节部位瘢痕挛缩.     

大面积皮肤撕脱伤32例治疗分析

目的：观察大面积皮肤撕脱伤的治疗效果.方法：32例大面积撕脱伤患者,在早期抗休克、治疗脏器合并伤基础上,撕脱面积较小、创基血运好者直接原位缝合;挫伤严重、已游离的大面积撕脱皮肤组织切取后,反取成大张中厚皮片,原位缝合于创面.骨质裸露的创面,以腓肠肌肌瓣、趾长屈肌肌瓣、胫前肌肌瓣等转移覆盖骨,再植以反取的大张中厚皮片.术后第2天开始行高压氧治疗,疗程1周.结果：32例患者中12例植皮一次成活;17例移植皮片部分坏死,肉芽创面经换药后愈合;3例因回植皮片挫伤严重而片状坏死,后期肉芽创面植皮后愈合.对17例瘢痕增生及粘连较重者行肢体功能锻炼,并随访2年,功能基本恢复正常.结论：大面积皮肤撕脱伤伤情严重,需首先处理危及生命的颅脑损伤和休克,同时彻底清创,封闭创面,裸露的骨面用邻位健康的肌瓣覆盖后再植以大张游离皮片,治疗效果满意.     

The use of MatriDerm in early excision and simultaneous autologous skin grafting in burns--a pilot study

The application of dermal substitutes in deep partial and full-thickness burn wounds in a two-stage procedure prior to skin grafting has become increasingly popular. Synchronous application of dermal substitutes and skin graft has not yet been established as a standard procedure. In a consecutive study 20 wounds in 10 patients with severe burns (age 49.5+/-16.2 years; TBSA 45.6+/-14.5%) were treated with either simultaneous transplantation of Matriderm, a bovine based collagen I, III, V and elastin hydrolysate based dermal substitute and split-thickness skin grafting (STSG), or STSG alone after appropriate excision of the burn wound. The study was designed as a prospective intra-individual comparative study. After 1 week all wounds were assessed for the percentage of autograft survival. Autograft survival was not altered by simultaneous application of a dermal matrix (p=0.015). Skin elasticity was measured after 3-4 months with the Vancouver Burn Skin Score (VBSS). The VBSS demonstrated a significant increase of elasticity in the group with dermal substitutes (p=0.04) as compared with non-substituted wounds for sheet autograft, but not for meshed autograft (p=0.24). From this pilot study it can be concluded that simultaneous application of a dermal matrix is safe and feasible, yielding significantly better results with respect to skin elasticity. Skin elasticity was considerably improved by the collagen/elastin dermal substitute Matriderm in combination with sheet autograft.     

Comparative study of skin grafting with and without surgical removal of granulation tissue in chronic burn wounds

A prospective comparative study of skin grafting of chronic wounds with and without surgical removal of granulation tissue was done on 51 patients with an objective of finding a better method of skin grafting objectively in the chronic burns wounds. Comparative study was done on those patients who had wounds on both the sides of their body. Wounds present on the right side of the body labeled as Group A were skin grafted after removal of granulation tissue and wounds present on left side of the body labeled as Group B were skin grafted without removal of granulation tissue. There was no significant difference in the comparative bacteriology, graft uptake and cosmetic appearance of the grafts. We found no effect of bacteriology and chronicity of the wounds on the uptake of grafts in the two groups. Serum albumin levels <4 g% was found to be associated with statistically significant decreased graft uptake only in Group A wounds. It was further observed that Group A wounds were associated with more blood loss, less secure haemostasis, prolonged surgical duration and thus more cost of surgery as compared to Group B wounds.     

厚中厚皮片游离移植修复下肢慢性溃疡创面

目的:探讨厚中厚皮片游离移植治疗下肢慢性溃疡创面的临床效果。方法:2016年1月-2018年12月,收治20例下肢慢性溃疡创面患者,切除肉芽创面基底纤维板层后,进行厚中厚皮片游离移植修复手术。结果:17例患者皮片完全成活,2例患者皮片出现少量水疱,1例患者皮片出现局部感染、坏死。术后随访6~12个月,下肢外观及功能恢复良好。结论:去除肉芽创面基底纤维板层,应用厚中厚皮片游离移植修复下肢慢性溃疡创面,可获得良好临床效果。     

封闭式负压吸引在四肢创伤中的应用

目的探讨封闭式负压吸引在皮肤或软组织缺损的四肢创伤中的治疗作用。方法对48例有皮肤或软组织缺损的四肢创伤的患者采用封闭式持续负压吸引治疗。7～14d后,在创面上行二期游离植皮或直接缝合伤口。结果45例患者创面肉芽生长新鲜,游离植皮或直接缝合后创面修复。3例发生创面感染,多次引流后行皮瓣转移成功。结论封闭式负压吸引能够促进创面的愈合,减少创面污染,患者痛苦少,且减轻医务人员工作量。     

跟腱外露难愈创面的封闭式负压吸引治疗

目的:总结封闭式负压引流(vacuum-assisted closure,VAC)技术治疗跟腱外露创面的良好效果,为这类创面修复提供更好的治疗方法。方法:2007年1月~2014年3月,笔者应用VAC治疗18例跟腱外露患者,其中跟腱断裂术后9例,车祸伤4例,重物卡压伤2例,钢绳切割伤1例,Ⅲ度烧伤1例,Ⅲ度电击伤1例。围手术期准备后,尽快手术扩创,行创面VAC治疗。结果:所有创面经VAC治疗后,创面明显缩小,肉芽生长迅速,部分或全部覆盖外露肌腱,其中12例全部被肉芽组织覆盖,行薄中厚皮片移植修复,11例患者一期愈合。余仍有部分肌腱外露者,5例行邻近皮瓣修复,全部一期愈合;1例行人工真皮加自体刃厚皮片移植一次性修复,所有创面一期愈合率达94.4%。所有患者均随访6月~3年,无复发,局部无挛缩,功能恢复良好。结论:VAC治疗跟腱外露难愈创面,明显缩短疗程,有效防治肌腱坏死,减少手术创伤及治疗疼痛,提高愈合质量。