初孕药物流产对再妊娠影响的研究

目的：探讨初孕药物流产对再妊娠的影响。方法：采用回顾性调查方法对200例有药物流产史的初孕妇女及200例无流产史的初孕妇女进行比较。随访妊娠分娩结局。结果：两组妊娠病理发生情况（妊娠高血压综合征、过期妊娠、胎膜早破、前置胎盘）、两组分娩情况（胎盘粘连、产时出血）及两组胎儿情况（胎儿体重、畸形率、Apgar评分）比较无明显差异。结论：初孕药流后对丙次妊娠的影响不显著。     

手术终止妊娠对早孕妇女外周血中游离胎儿DNA的影响

目的检测在孕早期手术终止妊娠是否会对母体外周血浆中的胎儿DNA水平造成影响。方法选择孕6~9w妇女36例(自愿要求终止妊娠,无禁忌症,胎儿性别为男性),在其终止妊娠前后分别采取外周静脉血5m l,对其血浆中的游离胎儿DNA的SRY基因行荧光定量分析。结果在36例血浆标本中,术前有31例检测到胎儿DNA,术后全部检测到胎儿DNA。其浓度平均分别为62.40±21.70(31.80~128.00Eq/m l),101.04±37.40(58.20~209.70Eq/m l),术前与术后胎儿DNA含量有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论①孕妇外周血中游离胎儿DNA最早在孕45天即可检测到。②外周血中游离胎儿DNA的水平在妊娠终止后很快升高。③孕妇外周血中的游离胎儿DNA很可能来源于母胎之间出血。     

Tunel染色法对胚胎期小鼠肾小体内细胞凋亡的定量学研究

目的：定量研究胚胎期小鼠肾小体发生和发育过程中的细胞凋亡现象。方法：选用昆明种成年健康小白鼠，按雌、雄比例3：1同窝饲养，以观察到雌鼠阴道栓形成的最早时间计为怀孕的开始，分别记录受孕时间。选取胚龄13天后的各日龄孕鼠，每日龄分别取3只孕鼠，每只孕鼠只取2只胎鼠。先对孕鼠用乙醚麻醉后剖腹取出胎鼠，然后行断头法将胎鼠处死，     

妊娠高血压综合征尿蛋白和孕龄对新生儿出生体重影响的研究

目的几乎没有研究报道妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)患者尿蛋白、孕龄对新生儿出生体重影响的关系,本研究欲探讨各种变化因素对妊高征患者新生儿出生体重影响的量化关系.方法 1997年1月～2004年6月期间,在我院住院分娩患中、重度妊高征产妇136例,对新生儿出生体重与各种因素进行单变量和多变量回归分析.结果单变量回归分析尿蛋白、孕龄分别与新生儿出生体重有高度显著性关系(P＜0.001);尿蛋白和孕龄一起进入多元回归分析,校正影响因素,尿蛋白和孕龄仍然是影响新生儿出生体重显著性因素(P＜0.001),并且每增加一个等级尿蛋白,新生儿出生体重降低241.92g (95%CI:144.77～339.07);孕龄每增加一天,新生儿出生体重增加20.1g(95%CI:13.70～26.50).结论妊高征患者尿蛋白丢失将严重影响新生儿出生体重,孕龄的延长有增加新生儿出生体重.     

中药对小鼠骨髓细胞遗传物质影响的实验研究

目的：通过本实验研究探讨孕妇禁忌中药红花、牛膝对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核频率的影响。方法：选用体重18－22g的雌性昆明小鼠,随机分为8组,即阴性、阳性对照组分别灌胃生理盐水及腹腔注射环磷酰胺30mg/kg;实验组用红花及牛膝水煎剂分别以10g/kg,2g/kg,1g/kg的剂量灌胃,每天1次,连续5天后断颈取骨髓细胞涂片观察。结果：各用药剂量组诱发小鼠骨髓细胞微核率虽有数目的差异,但与阴性对照组相比无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,而与阳性对照组相比均有显著差异,P＜0．01。讨论：本实验结果提示孕妇禁忌中药红花、牛膝虽有影响生育的作用,但是无明显诱发小鼠骨髓微核率增高的作用,表明这两种中药均无损伤遗传物质的作用。     

莲须对动物子宫收缩的影响实验研究

目的 观察莲须对离体和在体动物子宫活动的影响．方法 将0．6—9．6mg／ml剂量莲须到小鼠离体子宫；将0．88、4．4、8．8mg／ml莲须加到大鼠离体子宫和2．2、4．4、8．8mg／ml莲须加到早孕大鼠离体子宫后，分别观察对子宫收缩力的影响．对兔静脉给予莲须5．2、10．4mg／ml后，观察对兔在体子宫活动的影响．结果 4．4mg／ml莲须可使小鼠、大鼠、早孕大鼠离体子宫收缩增加，莲须剂量与子宫肌兴奋作用存在剂量一反应关系；5．2mg／ml莲须可使兔在体子宫收缩加和频率增加．结论 莲须能增加多种实验动物子宫平滑肌收缩力，具有催产作用．     

血浆冷存的异体神经移植对神经再生影响的实验研究

目的 用经动物血浆处理后冷存的异体神经移植体,缝接神经缺损,提高神经再生。方法 用15只兔左、右肢正中神经30条,分别切除2.5 cm为实验材料,动物分两组:A组15条神经用经受体动物血浆浸泡冷冻处理的异体神经移植为实验组,B组15条神经只经冷冻处理的异体神经缝接,术后不同时间,采用光、电镜组织学,图像分析仪测定,神经外周粘连定量测定和电生理指标等观察。结果(1)A组再生神经纤维在数量上和直径上均明显较B组的多而粗(p<0.03);(2)A组神经缝合段的结缔组织增生和与其外周组织粘连程度均较B组轻(p<0.01)。结论 经受体血浆处理后冷存的异体神经移植体,有提高神经再生的作用。     

当归多糖对佐剂性关节炎足趾肿胀值及小鼠醋酸作用扭体反应的实验研究

目的：探讨当归多糖对佐剂性关节炎小鼠、大鼠模型的炎症及镇痛作用及机制。方法：制备佐剂性关节炎模型,观察当归多糖对大鼠关节炎症及醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应的作用。以雷公滕多甙为阳性对照药进行比较。结果：当归多糖对小鼠扭体反应及大鼠佐剂性关节炎足趾肿胀均有显著的抑制作用。结论：当归多糖具有镇痛、抗佐剂性关节炎的作用。     

妊娠浓度雌、孕激素对小鼠H-Y皮肤移植物存活的影响及机制研究

目的:探讨妊娠浓度雌激素(E2)、孕激素(P4)对小鼠H-Y皮肤移植的影响及其机制。方法:建立小鼠去势模型,每天分别注射E2、P4及E2+P4联合注射,14 d后受鼠行H-Y皮肤移植并继续给药。检测移植前及移植后72 h外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Treg)变化及外周血细胞因子水平;观察H-Y皮肤移植物的存活情况。结果:E2可提高外周血Treg的比例(P0.05),移植后Treg的比例进一步升高(P0.05);P4对Treg没有显著影响(P0.05),而E2+P4联合对Treg的影响与单独应用E2结果相似(P0.05)。移植后P4对Treg仍无明显影响(P0.05),而E2+P4联合亦不能进一步提高Treg的比例。细胞因子检测显示,E2、P4均能减少促炎因子分泌,并提高抗炎因子分泌(P0.05)。两者均能有效延长H-Y皮肤移植物存活(P0.05),且具有协同效应。结论:P4可通过诱导免疫偏移促进H-Y皮肤移植物的存活。而E2除诱导免疫偏移外,还通过提高Treg水平而延长移植物的存活时间。     

词形知觉线索对英语单词记忆影响的实验研究

本研究把英语单词记忆中词形效应从语义中分离出来，利用计算机程序，单独探讨词形知觉践索和词形特征是否会对英语单词记忆产生影响，其影响能否进入长时记忆系统?结果发现：①词形线索对英语单词记忆在短时记忆中有促进作用，但是没有语义加工的参入，很难达到长时记忆系统中去。②词形特征效果显著，对于亚词汇类英语单的记忆效果无论在短时记忆还是长时记忆中比非亚词汇类单词都显著。     

The effect of cimetidine on immunological parameters in Crohn's disease: A double blind trial

Thirty-six patients with Crohn's disease were entered into a double-blind trial to assess any beneficial effect that cimetidine might have on immunological and clinical status. Eighteen patients were randomized to receive cimetidine, 1 g orally for 28 days, and the other 18 patients to receive a placebo. There was no alteration in clinical status in the cimetidine-treated group. Although 64% of the patients were anergic, augmentation of skin tests to candida, mumps, tuberculin, streptokinase/streptodornase and trichophyton antigens, was not observed in the cimetidine-treated patients. The patients with Crohn's disease, as a whole had higher absolute numbers of suppressor T-lymphocytes, 0.70 × 10⁹/litre (0.21?2.36, n = 35) compared to control values, 0.5 × 10⁹/litre (0.16–1.55, n = 25) (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in proportions of suppressor and helper T-lymphocytes, lymphocyte activation and humoral immunity after cimetidine treatment. The lack of any clear modulation of immunity by cimetidine, would be against trying H₂ antagonists in a long term clinical trial.     

Changes in the interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 generation in duodenal ulcer patients during cimetidine treatment

The effect of cimetidine treatment on the generation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was studied in 11 duodenal ulcer patients. The results obtained were compared with those for untreated healthy subjects. The drug was administered intravenously in a dose of 200 mg four times a day for 8 days. The investigations were performed before, during and 1 wk after cimetidine therapy. IL-1 generation was determined by the ability of supernatants from 2-day cultured adherent cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide to enhance proliferation of PHA-stimulated mice thymocytes. IL-2 generation was determined by the ability of supernatants from 2-day cultured, PHA-stimulated mononuclear cells to proliferate autologous 17-day cultured T cells. In all ulcer patients IL-1 generation diminished during cimetidine treatment (P less than 0.005). It continued to decrease in 4 subjects and increased in the other 7 ones following drug withdrawal. All the values were higher than those in healthy controls. IL-2 activity in ulcer patients was similar to that in healthy subjects and it increased significantly in all ulcer patients following the onset of the treatment (P less than 0.005) and decreased nearly to the initial values 1 wk after termination of the treatment (P less than 0.005). The present studies indicate that cimetidine, a selective histamine H2-receptor antagonist, deeply changes mechanisms of immunoregulation in patients with duodenal peptic ulcer.     

The effect of cimetidine on plasma lipoproteins

The concentration of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A-I and -B were measured in the plasma of 12 patients with peptic ulcer disease before and after five weeks of treatment with cimetidine. No statistically significant changes were found, but HDL cholesterol and HDL2 cholesterol tended to increase, and VLDL cholesterol and plasma triglycerides tended to decrease. A review of published studies indicates that the data at present are too uncertain to warrant use of cimetidine as a lipoprotein modulating drug.     

Antiprostatic effect of cimetidine in rats

Administration of large doses of cimetidine for 45 days to rats decreases the weight of the prostate and seminal vesicles without affecting the testicles. The decrease in weight is due to a marked regression in the prostate of both epithelial and stromal tissue.Treatment with cimetidine also causes an increase in the plasma testosterone level without modifying the plasma values of LH and prolactin. The mechanism of action of cimetidine is discussed. In presence of high levels of testosterone, cimetidine depresses structures such as the prostate and seminal vesicles, which are sensitive to androgens, but does not depress the weight or change the histology profile of the testicles, which are also rich in androgen receptors. Perhaps cimetidine binds to androgen receptors differently in the prostate and in the testicles because of differences in receptor structure or more probably, cimetidine interacts with zinc metal ion essential to prostate growth and androgen action by lowering zinc prostatic levels and consequently depresses the prostatic weight.     

西咪替丁对小儿轮状病毒肠炎的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨西咪替丁对小儿轮状病毒肠炎的临床疗效分析.方法 选择2012年1月-2015年12月收治的150例轮状病毒感染的肠炎患儿,根据随机数字表法,将所有患儿分为观察组与对照组.两组均给予常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗基础上给予利巴韦林用药,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予西咪替丁用药,观察两组患儿平均退热时间、平均止泻时间、平均止吐时间、疗效及不良反应.观察两组治疗前后的IL-2、IL-6及TNF-α水平.结果 观察组的平均退热时间、平均止泻时间、平均止吐时间明显低于对照组,观察组的总有效率明显高于对照组,治疗后两组患儿的IL-6、TNF-α均显著降低,组内对比差异明显,组间对比发现观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);治疗后两组的IL-2均明显升高,组内对比差异明显,组间对比观察组明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组的不良反应率低于对照组,但组间对比无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 西咪替丁可通过调节轮状病毒引起的炎症反应,提高治疗总有效率,加快患儿临床症状的恢复,治疗小儿轮状病毒肠炎安全有效,值得临床推广应用.     

Therapeutic effect of cimetidine on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that may cause hepatic toxicity in humans and experimental animals. Cimetidine is an H₂ blocker used for suppression of gastric acid secretion. One of the side effects of cimetidine is blockade of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system which results in increased half-life of some drug. In this study, 120 female rabbits, randomized into 12 groups (three control and nine test groups), were used. Acetaminophen, 3.24 g/kg, in suspension form as the LD₅₀, was administered orally to induce liver necrosis. Cimetidine (40 mg/kg) was administered intravenously at 0, 2, and 4 h after administration of acetaminophen. Some treatment groups received cimetidine in two equal divided doses—20 mg/kg cimetidine was administered at 2 and 12 h, 2 and 24 h, 4 and 12 h, and 4 and 24 h after administration of acetaminophen. Blood samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, and 36 h after induction of acetaminophen toxicity. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and arginase were measured in all groups and were found to be increased in acetaminophen control group and some treatment groups (p < 0.05). Results showed that the best treatment effect of cimetidine could be obtained with whole dose of cimetidine administration and 2 h after acetaminophen intake.     

Therapeutic effect of cimetidine on acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits

Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that can cause nephrotoxicity in humans and experimental animals. Cimetidine is an H₂ blocker used for suppression of gastric acid secretion. One of its side effects is blockade of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system which results in an increased half-life of some drugs. In this study, 120 female rabbits were randomized into 12 groups (three control and nine test groups). The LD₅₀ of acetaminophen was calculated to be 3.24 g/kg, and a suspension at this concentration was administered orally to induce renal necrosis. Three treatment groups received a single dose of cimetidine (40 mg/kg) administered intravenously at 0, 2, or 4 h after administration of acetaminophen depending upon treatment group. The six remaining treatment groups received cimetidine in two equal doses of 20 mg/kg administered at 0 and 12 h, 0 and 24 h, 2 and 12 h, 2 and 24 h, 4 and 12 h, or 4 and 24 h after the administration of acetaminophen. Blood samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, and 36 h after the induction of acetaminophen toxicity. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were measured in all groups and were significantly raised in the acetaminophen control group and some treatment groups (p < 0.05). The results indicate that the most effective treatment with cimetidine was obtained with a single dose of cimetidine administered 2 h after acetaminophen intake.