Blood glucose level after sodium nitrite injection and combined administration of sodium nitrite and carbon monoxide in rats

Summary Doses of 0.4–1.2 mMol NaNO₂/kg (i.p.) produced hyperglycemic reactions in rats. This effect is not demonstrable in adrenalectomized rats. The blood glucose decreased after combined application of 0.8 mMol NaNO₂/kg and 2.4 mMol CO/kg (s.c.) but increased after 0.8 mMol NaNO₂/kg or 2.4 mMol CO/kg alone. The results support our assumption that the variation of blood glucose after CO administration is a nonspecific hypoxic effect.We should like to thank Miss Dagmar Liedtke and Miss Dagmar Schneider for valuable assistance during the investigations. We also thank Dr. M. Roschig, VEB Leuna-Werke, for the kind gift of carbon monoxide in gas cylinders.     

阿魏酸钠、小牛血清去蛋白联合高压氧治疗急性一氧化碳中毒的临床研究

目的 探讨阿魏酸钠(川芎素)、小牛血清去蛋白对急性一氧化碳中毒的治疗作用.方法 将有昏迷史的75例急性一氧化碳中毒患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组(37例)和对照组(38例),两组均应用高压氧、高流量吸氧及对症支持治疗,治疗组加用川芎素、小牛血清去蛋白;对照组加用胞磷胆碱等药物.结果 治疗组心肌损伤发生率和严重程度评分均低于对照组(P＜0.05),昏迷时间和住院时间均短于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗组迟发性脑病发生率为2.7％(1/37),对照组为23.7％ (9/38),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组病死率为2.7％(1/37),对照组为5.3％(2/38),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 川芎素、小牛血清去蛋白对急性一氧化碳中毒有较好的治疗作用.     

金属硫蛋白对急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用研究

[目的]研究含金属硫蛋白(metallothionein,MT)蛋奶粉对CCl4致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。[方法]70只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组10只、模型组20只、低和高剂量MT蛋奶粉治疗组各20只。低和高剂量MT蛋奶粉治疗组大鼠以含MT蛋奶粉灌胃1周,然后对除正常对照组以外的大鼠复制CCl4肝损伤模型,于造模当日,正常对照组和模型组大鼠用蒸馏水,治疗组用含MT蛋奶粉连续灌胃2周后,断头处死大鼠,观察各组大鼠血清酶类含量的变化和肝脏过氧化物质和抗氧化酶类(SOD、CAT)和GSH含量的变化。[结果]与正常对照组相比,模型组大鼠血清中ALT、AST、GGT和ALP含量显著升高(P<0.01),而含MT蛋奶粉治疗组大鼠血清中ALT、AST、GGT和ALP含量均显著低于模型组,尤其以高剂量组为显著(P<0.01)。含MT蛋奶粉组大鼠肝脏MDA含量显著低于模型组(P<0.01),抗氧化酶类SOD活性和抗氧化物质GSH含量显著高于模型组(P<0.05或P<0.01),对CAT活性并无显著性影响。[结论]含MT蛋奶粉对CCl4造成的大鼠急性肝损伤具有一定程度的保护作用。     

Effect of exposure to 0.5 ppm hydrogen cyanide singly or combined with 200 ppm carbon monoxide and/or 5 ppm nitric oxide on coronary arteries,aorta, pulmonary artery,and lungs in the rabbit

Summary Exposure of rabbits to 0.5 ppm hydrogen cyanide alone or in combination with 200 ppm carbon monoxide for one and four weeks or combined exposure to 0.5 ppm hydrogen cyanide, 200 ppm carbon monoxide, and 5 ppm nitric oxide for two weeks did not cause morphological changes in lungs, pulmonary arteries, coronary arteries, or aorta. The need for selective toxicity studies with tobacco smoke constituents is stressed.Supported by a grant from the Forschungsgesellschaft Rauchen und Gesundheit, Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany