国产ZQL型可回收式腔静脉滤器的初步临床应用与观察

目的　探讨自行开发的可回收式腔静脉滤器 (国产ZQL型可回收式腔静脉滤器 ,以下简称滤器 )预防肺动脉栓塞的临床应用价值。方法　对 2 4例下肢深静脉血栓形成 (deepveinthrombosis,DVT)和 (或 )肺动脉栓塞 (pulmonaryembolism ,PE)的患者经右侧颈内静脉或经健侧股静脉置入滤器 ,并同时行肺动脉造影。术后第 3和第 7天摄腹部平片。术后 3、6、12、18个月摄腹部平片及行下腔静脉、肺动脉造影。如果在 2周内下肢深静脉血栓完全清除 ,则取出滤器 ,取出前摄腹部平片及行下腔静脉、肺动脉造影 ;如果在 2周内下肢深静脉血栓未能完全清除则将滤器长期留置于下腔静脉内。如果随访期间出现病情变化 ,则需随时复查。所有影像资料经 2位主任医师采用盲法进行评价。结果　 2 4例患者的下腔静脉滤器均成功置入预定部位 ,其中肾静脉水平以下 2 3例 ,肾静脉水平以上1例 ,2例患者置于肾静脉水平以下的滤器分别于术后第 7天和第 9天顺利取出。中位随访期为 6个月。未发生滤器展开不良、滤器移位 (>10mm)、滤器倾斜 (>10°)、滤器断裂或滤器穿透静脉壁造成血肿等。除 1例腔静脉滤器捕获栓子外 ,未发生滤器血栓形成 ,无下腔静脉闭塞发生 ,随访期内全部患者未再发生肺动脉栓塞。结论　国产滤器置入操作简便、定位准确、稳定性     

Gunther Tulip下腔静脉滤器置入术的临床应用

目的:评价GuntherTulip下腔静脉滤器置入术对预防肺栓塞(PE)的效果及使用中的问题。方法:对16例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者实施经皮股静脉穿刺GuntherTulip下腔静脉滤器置入术,术后立即行下腔静脉(IVC)造影及术后1,3,6,12个月分别摄腹部平片或做滤器处彩超,观察滤器位置、形态及有无并发症。结果:16例均经股静脉成功置入滤器于肾静脉下方1·16±1·21cm的IVC内,3例滤器释放瞬间有一向前弹性冲力,但滤器前跳均<0·5cm。1例经左股静脉置入滤器倾斜度>15°,无扩展不良。复查时均未发现滤器移位及PE发生。结论:GuntherTulip下腔静脉滤器置入术对预防肺栓塞是一种操作简便、安全、有效的方法,其可取出体外的特点而具有广阔的应用前景。     

下腔静脉可回收滤器置入预防肺栓塞

目的:评价可回收下腔静脉滤器在下肢深静脉血栓患者中预防肺栓塞效果和安全性。方法:34例下肢深静脉血栓患者全部行下腔静脉滤器置入术,其中12例采用永久性Trap Ease Filter(TEF),16例采用可回收性OptEaseTMFilter(TEF),6例采用可回收性Gunther Tulip Filter(GTF)滤器,滤器均置于肾静脉水平以下的下腔静脉中。结果:34例滤器均经股静脉穿刺置入,16例可回收性OptEaseTMFilter中12例2周后经股静脉取出。6例可回收性Gunther Tulip Filter(GTF)滤器两周后经右颈内静脉取出。手术成功率100%。随访30例(随访时间:2~28个月),12例永久滤器病人中有1例出现倾斜,但角度小于15℃,1例下腔静脉血栓形成,术中术后未出现滤器移位,穿破管壁和肺栓塞。结论:可回收性下腔静脉滤器是预防肺栓塞安全、有效的方法之一,且并发症少。     

滤器置入后症状性下腔静脉血栓形成的介入治疗

目的 评估局部置管溶栓治疗滤器置入后症状性下腔静脉血栓形成的疗效和安全性.方法 2005年10月至2009年9月采用局部置管溶栓治疗滤器置入后症状性下腔静脉血栓形成患者4例,累及8条肢体.经右颈内静脉置入下腔静脉滤器后,采用导丝及导管开通闭塞的下腔静脉并置管溶栓治疗.血栓消融后分别经骨静脉或颈内静脉取出滤器.记录技术成...     

置管溶栓术治疗下腔静脉滤器内栓子的疗效观察

目的 评价置管溶栓术治疗下腔静脉滤器内栓子的疗效及安全性.方法 2005年1月至2010年12月对31例经造影证实的下腔静脉滤器内存在栓子患者进行置管溶栓术治疗,栓子最大径均超过1 cm,溶栓药物采用尿激酶,用量为每日60万u,疗程为3～7d,术后观察临床疗效及并发症.结果 经置管溶栓治疗,18例栓子消失,7例栓子最大径缩小至3 mm以下,6例无明显变化.并发症有穿刺点渗血5例,血尿3例,腹膜后血肿1例,无严重并发症发生.并发症经对症治疗恢复良好.25枚滤器被成功取出,6枚滤器被留置.滤器取出术中及术后无急性肺栓塞发生.结论 置管溶栓术是治疗下腔静脉滤器内栓子安全、有效的方法,能提高下腔静脉滤器的取出率.     

滤器置入联合手术取栓治疗产后下肢DVT的临床分析

目的 总结产后急性期单侧下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)腔静脉滤器联合手术取栓治疗的疗效及应用.方法 回顾性分析59例产后单侧下肢急性期DVT行腔静脉滤器联合手术取栓治疗的患者临床资料.结果 56例成功行腔静脉滤器置入及手术切开取栓,3例因髂静脉近端血栓闭塞严重无法开通,股静脉切口远端成功行手术取栓,术后拔除腔静脉滤器.本组有效率为100%,治愈率为88.1%,无死亡及新发肺动脉栓塞病例.随访3~36个月,1例髂静脉狭窄病例于球囊扩张3个月后复发,再次手术置入髂静脉支架后患肢肿胀明显减轻.结论 腔静脉滤器置入联合手术取栓治疗急性期产后单侧下肢DVT安全可行、疗效确切.     

下腔静脉滤器在下肢深静脉血栓治疗中的意义

目的评价置入下腔静脉滤器预防下肢深静脉血栓脱落引起肺栓塞的价值及实行导管溶栓的方法.方法34例下肢深静脉血栓患者分别经右侧股静脉(26例)或右颈静脉(8例)置入波士顿公司的Greenfield滤器或巴德公司Simon's滤器.下腔静脉滤器置人后,将溶栓导管经右股静脉插人到左髂总静脉,经右颈内静脉插入到左髂总静脉进行溶栓.药物尿激酶100～150万u.结果下腔静脉滤器置入全部成功.溶栓经右侧股静脉26例,成功12例,成功率为47%;经颈静脉8例均成功.结论置人下腔静脉滤器防肺栓塞是操作简单、安全有效的方法.经颈静脉溶栓,成功率高,效果好,值得推广.     

下腔静脉滤器预防肺栓塞的长期随访结果

目的 探讨置入下腔静脉滤器(IVCF)预防肺栓塞(PE)的长期安全性、疗效及并发症.方法 回顾性分析1994年1月至2005年6月期间73例接受了IVCF置人术,并经多普勒超声、DSA、CT或MRI确诊的深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和(或)PE患者资料,随访时间为放置IVCF后5个月至11年,包括电话或问卷随访、病历回顾、腹部X线片复查、超声、CT肺动脉成像(CTPA)或下肢间接性CT静脉成像(CTV)检查.结果 73例患者共置入78枚滤器,置入时1例滤器张开不全.复查时2例滤器捕获血栓,1例滤器倾斜,无滤器移位、断裂和穿孔.73例中失访5例.14例死亡,存活时间5 d至41个月,平均存活期为14.5个月.存活的54例中,确诊的再发DVT 3例、下腔静脉血栓1例、滤器血栓1例,未发现再发PE.结论 长期使用IVCF预防PE是安全、有效的,并且IVCF置入后的远期严重并发症不常见.     

经皮穿刺下腔静脉滤器置入术

目的 评价下腔静脉滤器预防肺动脉血栓栓塞的作用。方法 ２８例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者实施了经皮穿刺下腔静脉小 置入术,２６例置入岛巢式滤器,２例置入Ｓｉｍｏｎ Ｎｉｔｉｎｏｌ滤器。结果 滤器全部置入肾静脉下方的下腔静脉内。２７例随访２￣３４个月,滤器无移位,１５例不伴有肺动脉血栓栓塞者无肺栓塞发生。结论下腔静脉滤器用于预防肺动脉血栓栓寒是一种安全有效的方法。     

下腔静脉滤器预防肺栓塞的临床应用

目的：评价置入下腔静脉滤器预防因下肢静脉血栓脱落引起肺栓塞的效果和安全性。材料与方法：１６例下肢深静脉血栓患者置入钛质Ｇｒｅｎｆｉｅｌｄｆｉｌｔｅｒ（ＴＫＧ）１２例,Ｂｉｒｄ’ｓｎｅｓｔｆｉｌｔｅｒ（ＢＮＦ）４例。滤器位于双肾静脉水平以下的腔静脉内。术后分别于１、６、１２个月摄腹部平片复查,观察滤器的位置、形态变化。结果：全部滤器经股静脉穿刺置入,经右股静脉１３例,左股静脉３例,无严重并发症发生。随访发现ＴＫＧ２例向足侧移位,１例向头侧移位,１例跨度增大,腹部ＣＴ,腔静脉造影发现滤器的１只脚穿透腔静脉壁,未出现任何症状;２例发生滤器偏斜,角度小于１５°。ＢＮＦ未见位置改变。无１例发生腔静脉阻塞或复发肺栓塞。结论：置入下腔静脉滤器预防肺栓塞是安全、有效的方法。     

Placement of a vena cava filter with an antecubital approach

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors performed this study to evaluate the use of an antecubital venous approach for inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An IVC filter was placed in 26 patients (15 men, 11 women) in whom the antecubital vein was the preferred access site. An antecubital vein was accessed with ultrasound guidance and used for IVC filter placement. This same access site was used to place a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in 17 of the 26 patients. Access was obtained via the basilic vein in 15 patients (58%), brachial vein in eight (31%), and cephalic vein in three (12%). RESULTS: The IVC filter was successfully placed in the infrarenal vena cava in all 26 patients (100%) by using an antecubital vein for access. All filters deployed appropriately without complication. No complications occurred during PICC placement. CONCLUSION: The IVC filter can be safely placed via an antecubital vein. When clinically necessary, this site can provide convenient access for the PICC placement.     

The Simon nitinol inferior vena cava filter: preliminary experience in the UK.

The Simon nitinol filter is one of a new range of inferior vena cava filters designed for percutaneous placement. It employs a thermal memory alloy allowing it to be introduced in a straight form via a 9F sheath when cool but transforming instantly into its predetermined filter shape at body temperature. It was placed rapidly and successfully in six patients via a femoral approach and one patient via an antecubital vein. The only complication was an asymptomatic IVC obstruction in one patient.     

TrapEase inferior vena cava filter placed via the basilic arm vein: a new antecubital access.

The authors' experience with the TrapEase vena cava filter deployed via a peripheral arm vein access in five patients is described. The filter placement, employing a 90-cm-long sheath and a modified coaxial dilator, is described in clinical and technical detail. The filter was placed successfully in five patients without complications. Deployment time is short (average, 25 min) and a peripherally inserted central catheter can be deployed through the same access. These results indicate that this method is technically feasible and fast.     

Factors Affecting Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis after Pharmacomechanical Thrombolysis and Left Iliac Vein Stent Placement in Patients with Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome

PurposeThis study evaluated the factors affecting contralateral and ipsilateral recurrent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after iliac vein stent placement in patients with iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS).Materials and MethodsData from 130 patients (95 female patients) who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis and stent placement for IVCS with left lower leg thrombosis at a single institution were retrospectively analyzed. Mean patient age was 69.0 ± 14.0 years old. Median follow-up was 14 months (range, 3–164 months). Anticoagulation therapy was prescribed for 6 months, followed by lifelong antiplatelet therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the factors affecting the development of contralateral and ipsilateral recurrent DVT.ResultsSeven patients (5.4%) developed contralateral DVT (median, 26 months; range, 2–61 months), and 11 patients (8.5%) developed ipsilateral DVT (median, 1 month; range, 0–53 months). Stent location (odds ratio [OR], 11.564; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.159–115.417) and in-stent thrombosis during follow-up (OR, 15.142; 95% CI, 1.406–163.119) were predictors of recurrent contralateral DVT. Thrombophilia (OR, 47.560; 95% CI, 2.369–954.711), remaining inferior vena cava filter (OR, 30.552; 95% CI, 3.495–267.122), and in-stent thrombosis during follow-up (OR, 82.057; 95% CI, 2.915–2309.848) were predictors of ipsilateral DVT.ConclusionsContralateral DVT occurs late and is associated with extension of the iliac vein stent to the inferior vena cava and in-stent thrombosis. Ipsilateral DVT occurs relatively early and is associated with thrombophilia, remaining inferior vena cava filter, and in-stent thrombosis.     

Günther Tulip filter retrievability multicenter study including CT follow-up: final report

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of retrieval of the Günther Tulip inferior vena cava (IVC) filter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a nonrandomized, single-armed, multicenter prospective investigation. Patients at temporary high risk for pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who did not require a permanent filter were eligible. Forty-one patients received 42 Günther Tulip filters: 22 men and 19 women with a mean age of 47.7 years. Indications for filter placement included prophylaxis, PE, and DVT. Three months after filter retrieval, contrast agent-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen, jugular vein ultrasonography, and clinical follow-up were performed. RESULTS: The filter retrieval rate was 57% (23 of 41). Günther Tulip filters were removed at a mean of 11.1 days (range, 2-14 d). The technical and clinical success rates for filter retrieval were both 100%. One placement complication and two protocol deviations occurred. These patients were excluded in terms of retrieval-related outcomes. One case of PE occurred with a filter in place, and one filter migrated to the heart. There were no acute complications caused by filter retrieval. At 3-month follow-up, there was no recurrent PE, DVT, jugular vein occlusion, or IVC stenosis or occlusion. CONCLUSION: In this multicenter study, retrieval of the Günther Tulip filter was safe and without recurrent thromboembolic events or evidence of IVC or jugular vein damage at 3-month follow-up.     

置管溶栓治疗下腔静脉血栓：附21例报道

目的探讨置管溶栓（catheter-directed thrombolysis,CDT）治疗下腔静脉血栓的安全性和疗效。 方法回顾性分析21例经CDT治疗的下腔静脉血栓患者的临床及影像资料。 结果21例患者均经静脉造影诊断为下腔静脉血栓,同时伴有下肢深静脉血栓。其中下肢深静脉血栓向上延续导致的下腔静脉血栓18例,下腔静脉滤器导致的下腔静脉血栓3例。21例患者均在下腔静脉滤器的保护下成功进行CDT治疗,其中7例患者伴有髂静脉压迫综合征,给予髂静脉支架治疗。随访3～48个月,1例肿瘤患者CDT术后2周再次出现下肢深静脉血栓,给予加强抗凝治疗后好转,其他患者无血栓复发,所有患者无严重并发症的发生。 结论下肢深静脉血栓和下腔静脉滤器均会导致下腔静脉血栓。在下腔静脉滤器的保护下,CDT治疗下腔静脉血栓是安全有效的方法。     

下腔静脉滤器预防肺栓塞及其并发症

目的 探讨下腔静脉滤器置入术(IVCF)预防肺动脉栓塞(PE)的疗效、相关并发症及处理.方法70例下肢深静脉血栓患者,溶(取)栓术前均行下腔静脉滤器置入术:永久性Trap Ease滤器(TEF)20枚,永久性Vena Tech滤器(VTF)31枚,可回收性OptEase~(TM)滤器(OEF)13枚,临时性TempoⅡ滤器8枚;71枚位置在肾静脉开口下方,1枚位置在肾静脉开口上方.结果 术后随访8～72个月.70例中,无一例出现PE,6例出现相关的并发症.结论 下腔静脉滤器置入可以有效预防肺梗死,但应严格掌握适应证.     

Greenfield filter: percutaneous placement in 50 patients

Greenfield filters for prevention of pulmonary emboli may be placed in the inferior vena cava by surgical cutdown or by percutaneous insertion through the femoral or jugular veins. We evaluated the use of the percutaneous techniques 52 times in 50 patients. The right femoral vein was used in 37 of the procedures, the right internal jugular vein in 12, and the left femoral vein in three. Twenty-two patients had altered coagulation factors: 11 were receiving heparin, four were receiving warfarin sodium, six had hepatic cirrhosis, and one had disseminated intravascular coagulation and had been receiving warfarin sodium. Filter placement was successful in 51 of 52 procedures. In the unsuccessful case, placement was attempted via the left femoral vein; the carrier could not be advanced from the common iliac vein to the inferior vena cava. This patient required surgical occlusion of the cava. There was one major complication, a hematoma in the right side of the groin that required transfusion. This occurred in the patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation who had extensive scarring from multiple previous vascular surgical procedures. Two patients required second filters because of severe angulation of the filter found 1 and 4 days after implantation. Clinical thrombosis of the femoral vein after femoral vein access occurred in two (5%) of 40 patients and was proved by venogram in one. Our experience shows that the percutaneous method is highly successful and suggests that this technique should be the primary method for filter placement in the inferior vena cava.     

Percutaneous Kimray-Greenfield filter placement by femoral vein puncture

Percutaneous placement of the Kimray-Greenfield vena cava filter was successfully performed in 12 consecutive patients, 10 from the right femoral vein, one from the left femoral vein, and one from the right internal jugular vein. Tract dilatation to allow placement of a 24-French sheath was easily performed and well tolerated. There was no occurrence of puncture site hematoma, significant blood loss, or postprocedural femoral vein thrombophlebitis. Percutaneous femoral vein approach is as effective as right internal jugular vein approach. The dependence on surgically obtained access for Kimray-Greenfield filter placement is no longer absolute.