肝移植术后胆道并发症的预防

目的　探讨如何预防肝移植术后胆道并发症的发生。方法　对 1993年 4月至 2 0 0 1年10月我科实施的 12 0例肝移植病人临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　共有 10例病人通过胆道造影确诊为肝移植术后胆道并发症 ,8例治愈 ,1例好转 ,1例死亡。胆道并发症发生率为 8 3 % (10 / 12 0 ) ,与胆道并发症相关的死亡率为 0 8% ,与T管相关的胆道并发症发生率为 4 3 % (5 / 116) ,与肝动脉供血相关的胆道并发症发生率为 1 7% (2 / 12 0 )。热缺血时间 >3min、冷缺血时间 >8h组胆道并发症发生率明显升高 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　胆道保存性损伤是引起肝移植术后胆道并发症的重要原因。缩短供肝的热、冷缺血时间和确保供肝胆管系统的血供可减少胆道并发症的发生。改进T管置管方法可显著降低与T管相关的胆道并发症发生率     

冷缺血时间对大鼠部分肝移植存活率的影响

目的　建立新的稳定 5 0 %大鼠部分肝移植的模型上 ,研究不同冷缺血时间对移植术后存活率和肝再生的影响。方法　 A组为对照组 :5 0 %肝切除 ;实验组 :5 0 %部分肝移植组 (B、C、D组冷缺血时间分别为 4 5 min、4 h和 1 0 h)。观察各实验组生存率 ,并分别于移植术后 2 4 h、4 8h、96 h免疫组化检测各实验组增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)的表达 ,采用统计学的方法分析不同冷缺血时间对大鼠部分肝移植术后 2 4小时存活率和肝再生的影响。结果　 B、C、D组存活率分别为 80 %、4 5 %、2 5 % ;PC-NA表达在术后 4 8小时达到峰值分别为 5 4± 5 .2 ;4 4± 3.0 ;2 0± 1 .9。D组 PCNA表达明显降低 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　部分肝移植术后肝再生峰值较肝切除后延迟 ,冷缺血时间的延长降低了部分肝移植术后肝细胞增殖细胞核抗原表达和移植术后存活率     

原位肝移植术后胆道并发症的预防与诊治

目的　探讨肝移植术后胆道并发症的预防、诊断和治疗。　方法　对 1993年 4月～2 0 0 1年 11月我科实施的 12 3例肝移植患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。　结果　 12 3例肝移植患者中11例通过胆道造影确诊为肝移植术后胆道并发症 ,9例治愈 ,1例好转 ,死亡 1例。胆道并发症发生率为 8 9% ( 11/ 12 3) ,与胆道并发症相关的死亡率为 0 8% ( 1/ 12 3) ,与T管相关的胆道并发症发生率为4 2 % ( 5 / 119) ,与肝动脉供血相关的胆道并发症发生率为 1 6 % ( 2 / 12 3)。热缺血时间 >3min、冷缺血时间 >8h组胆道并发症发生率明显升高 (P <0 0 5 )。　结论　保存性损伤和缺血性损伤是肝移植术后胆道并发症的重要原因。修肝时应维护肝外胆管的血供和警惕变异胆管的存在。改进T管置管方法可显著降低与T管相关的胆道并发症发生率。术后早期胆道造影有助于及时诊断胆道并发症。介入技术是胆道并发症的主要治疗手段。     

供肝快速切取法大鼠原位肝移植模型的建立

目的采用供肝快速切取法建立大鼠原位肝移植模型,研究其稳定性及成功率。方法健康雄性SD大鼠2 0 0只,随机分为两组。实验组采取供肝快速切取法原位肝移植,对照组采用传统肝移植方法。比较两组的手术时间,供肝冷、热缺血时间,术后受体肝功能变化及手术成功率。结果对照组供体手术时间(3 3.8±4.2)m in,供肝热缺血时间(3.5±1.2)m in,冷缺血时间(6 2.0±4.2)m in,手术成功率8 0%。实验组供肝切取时间为(1 3.1±2.2)m in,供肝热缺血时间0m in,冷缺血时间(3 8.0±3.1)m in,术后肝功能恢复快,手术成功率9 4%(P<0.0 5)。结论新的建模方法可明显缩短手术时间,改善供肝质量,提高手术成功率。该法为肝移植研究提供了更为科学的模型。     

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胆道并发症通常是指具有临床表现又有放射学依据、需行介入性治疗或手术的胆道狭窄、梗阻、胆漏及胆泥形成等 ,处理困难 ,可直接影响术后生存率及长期存活病人的生活质量。肝移植术后的胆道并发症发生率高达 2 0 % 3 4%。其发生与供肝的冷、热缺血时间、缺血再灌注损伤、胆道血供受损、免疫排斥反应及巨细胞病毒感染等有关。1　肝移植术后胆道并发症的发病机理1.1　供肝冷、热缺血时间及缺血再灌注损伤虽然ＵＷ液的应用延长了供肝的安全保存时间 ,但供肝的冷、热缺血时间仍与肝移植术后的胆道并发症有关。除了外科技术引起的胆管并发症外 ,…     

肝移植术后胆道并发症的预防和治疗

目的探讨肝移植术后胆道并发症预防和治疗。方法回顾性分析我院24例肝移植患者临床资料。结果3例患者通过MRCP和ERCP确诊为肝移植术后胆道并发症,经内镜微创治疗1例1年后死亡,2例随访2年仍健康存活。胆道并发症发生率为12.5%,没有与肝动脉相关胆道并发症发生。热缺血时间>5 min,冷缺血时间>12 h,胆道并发症发生率呈明显升高倾向。结论保存性损伤和缺血性损伤是肝移植术后胆道并发症的重要原因,修肝时肝外胆管的血供和警惕变异血管的存在,不放置T管和肝动脉、门静脉同步开放可显著降低胆道并发症。MRCP、ERCP和肝活检是早期诊断胆道并发症的主要手段,内镜微创和再次肝移植则是主要治疗措施之一。     

肝移植术后胆道并发症危险因素和诊治分析

目的 探讨肝移植术后胆道并发症的相关因素及综合诊治经验.方法 回顾性分析2000年10月至2012年3月366例连续术后肝移植患者的临床资料.男性292例,女性72例,年龄18 ～69岁,平均年龄44.5岁.记录患者术后胆道并发症情况.采用单因素分析及Logistic多因素回归分析术后胆道并发症的危险因素.并发胆漏患者予置管充分引流.吻合口狭窄者经皮经肝胆道造影或经内镜逆行胰胆管造影行球囊成形术,必要时放置胆道支架;非吻合口狭窄者行经皮经肝胆道造影联合胆道镜治疗.结果 术后随访10 ～ 129个月,平均58.5个月,366例原位肝移植患者术后发生胆道并发症42例(11.5％).单因素分析及Logistic多因素回归分析结果示,第2次热缺血时间(门静脉血流复通到肝动脉血流复通的时间)、术中出血量和胆道吻合口直径与肝移植术后胆道并发症的发生相关(Wald=9.474～ 17.208,P＜0.05).12例胆漏患者通过腹腔引流、鼻胆管引流治愈;22例吻合口狭窄患者经内镜逆行胰胆管造影或经皮经肝胆道造影球囊成形术治愈,其中6例放置了胆道支架;8例非吻合口狭窄患者中,6例经皮经肝胆道造影联合胆道镜治疗后痊愈,1例接受二次肝移植后痊愈,1例恢复不良.结论 第2次热缺血时间、术中出血量和吻合口大小是肝移植术后胆道并发症的危险因素.肝移植术后胆管非弥漫性狭窄及胆漏的微创治疗安全、有效.     

不同时期肝移植术后胆道并发症发生率差异及相关因素分析

目的分析不同时期实施的肝移植术后发生胆道并发症(biliary complication,BC)的发生率及其相关因素。方法将不同时期所做的181例肝移植患者分为A组(早期肝移植病例,2004年1月至2005年12月)95例,B组(近期肝移植病例,2006年1月至2008年12月)86例。统计两组肝移植患者的BC发生率,并对两组中与BC发生可能有关的因素进行单因素对照分析。结果181例肝移植中发生BC26例(14.4%);A组BC发生率为21%(20/95),B组BC发生率为7%(6/86),两组的BC发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组与B组肝移植患者在新的胆管缝合方式(含前后间断缝合,后壁连续、前壁间断改良缝合)所占比例(6%比23%)、冷缺血时间(cold ischemic time,CIT)、二次热缺血时间、手术时间、术中输血率(76%比62%),术后2周门静脉平均流速(PVMV)6个因素上比较差异有统计学意义。结论近期肝移植术后BC发生率低于早期肝移植,这与近期手术熟练程度提高和手术方法改进,从而缩短手术时间、二次热缺血时间有关。     

无心跳供肝发生胆道严重缺血性病变的危险因素分析

目的 探讨无心跳供肝发生严重胆道缺血性病变的危险因素.方法 北京朝阳医院2002年7月至2006年6月实施的同种异体原位肝移植病例中排除肝肾联合移植、二次肝移植、供受体ABO血型不符病例,统计人选病例131例,术后随访时间均>180 d.排除混杂因素后采用Logistic回归分析缺血再灌注相关性严重胆道并发症的危险因素.结果 无心跳供肝胆道二次热缺血时间>60 min是术后严重缺血性胆道并发症的独立危险因素.热缺血与冷保存协同作用于供肝,单独或同时延长热缺血、冷保存时间,术后严重缺血性胆道并发症发生率增高.结论 无心跳供肝热缺血或冷保存时间延长的协同作用以及胆道二次热缺血时间>60 min是肝移植术后严重缺血性胆道并发症的危险因素.将热缺血时间带入拟合直线回归方程可预知冷保存时间的相对"安全"时限.     

肝移植术后胆道并发症的防治

目的 探讨原位肝移植术后胆道并发症的预防与治疗.方法 对1995年5月至2006年12月中国医科大学附属第一医院183例肝移植患者术后胆道并发症的发生情况进行回顾性分析.结果 共发生胆道并发症15例,发生率为8.2%,其中近期并发症占6.0%(11例),远期并发症占2.2%(4例),未发生与肝动脉血栓形成有关的胆道并发症.15例中13例治愈,其中4例行经皮肝穿胆道造影(PTC)并留置支架管,8例行内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)并进行胆道冲洗及留置支架管,1例吻合口狭窄患者在外院行ERCP未成功而改行胆管空肠吻合术,均获治愈.2例因近期发生胆汁漏而行胆管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合者最后均死于真菌感染,胆道并发症相关死亡率为1.1%.结论 采用腹腔器官联合快速切取技术可缩短供肝冷、热缺血时间,防止变异胆管和血管损伤,降低胆道并发症.肝移植术中注意保护胆总管的血运是减少胆道并发症的关键.PTC和ERCP结合留置支架管是非缺血型胆道并发症的主要治疗手段.     

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术疗效与安全性的单中心回顾性分析

背景与目的:随着腹腔镜技术的发展与普及,腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术(LPD)也逐渐在临床开展,但由于LPD手术难度大,其效果与安全性方面仍存在一定程度的不确定性.因此,本研究通过对笔者中心实施LPD及同期实施开放胰十二指肠切除术(OPD)患者的临床资料行回顾性分析,进一步评价LPD的近期疗效与安全性.方法:收集2019年2...