腹腔镜脾切除术63例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术的安全性及疗效。方法回顾分析2008年5月至2012年10月期间笔者所在医院完成的63例腹腔镜脾切除术患者的资料。其中特发性血小板减少性紫癜8例,自身免疫性溶血性贫血1例,脾囊实性占位性病变6例,肝硬变伴门静脉高压、脾功能亢进48例。结果63例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜脾切除术,无中转开腹,手术时间80～250min,平均136．5min;术中出血100-2100mL,平均220mL;住院时间6-14d,平均7．4d。术后无手术死亡。结论腹腔镜脾切除术安全、有效、可行,手术成功的关键是防止术中大出血。     

腹腔镜下脾切除治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术在治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的应用,手术方法及临床效果。方法 对我科于1999年6月-2006年6月期间的24例7特发性血小板减少性紫癜在腹腔镜下行脾切除术进行回顾性分析。结果 本组24例腹腔镜脾切除术中,22例是顺利完成脾切除术,2例是分别由于术中脾蒂出血．胃短血管出血而中转开腹脾切除术。22例腹腔镜脾切除中,平均手术时间为150rain,术中平均失血量为100m1．术后胃肠蠕动恢复时间为10—24h,平均住院时间为4d。术后未发现有并发症。结论 腹腔镜脾切除术是治疗特发性血小板减少性紫瘢安全可行的最佳方法之一。     

脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床疗效观察

目的探讨分别采用腹腔镜下脾切除术或开腹脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床安全性和临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年7月至2013年10月来我院就诊的86例特发性血小板减少性紫癜病人的临床资料,其中43例观察患者采用腹腔镜下脾切除术治疗,另外43例患者采用开腹脾切除术;记录患者的手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量、术后胃肠道功能恢复及临床疗效。结果 86例手术均顺利完成,术后两个月通过随访记录患者的手术疗效,发现手术总有效率88.4%（76/86）。结论开腹脾切除术或腹腔镜下脾切除术用于治疗难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床疗效确切,安全性好。     

腹腔镜脾脏切除术中出血的防治体会

目的：探讨腹腔镜脾脏切除术中出血的防治措施。方法：回顾分析哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院2007年1月—2010年1月开展的63例腹腔镜脾脏切除（LS）患者的临床资料,其中门静脉高压症、脾功能亢进44例,特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）6例,外伤性脾破裂6例,脾恶性淋巴瘤3例,脾血管瘤3例,脾囊肿1例。结果：全部病例均在腹腔镜下完成手术。53例行脾动脉预处理,48例行二级脾蒂法脾切除。手术时间120～200min,平均150min,术中出血150～800mL,平均250mL。结论：脾动脉预处理,二级脾蒂法脾切除是降低术中出血的关键。     

腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除

目的总结腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除的应用价值。方法2006年9月～2007年5月,行腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除13例,其中外伤性脾破裂出血5例、特发性血小板减少性紫癜2例、肝硬化脾功能亢进6例。结果全部镜下完成,未使用手辅助。手术时间150～300min,平均210min,术中出血50～800ml,平均350ml,术后住院5～9d,平均7.5d,无手术并发症。随访1～6个月,血小板均在正常范围。结论腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术安全、可行、微创。     

腹腔镜辅助脾切除与腹腔镜脾切除40例比较

目的比较腹腔镜脾切除术(LS)与腹腔镜辅助脾切除术(LAS)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析40例腹腔镜脾切除术病例(包括15例腹腔镜脾切除术和25例腹腔镜辅助脾切除术)。结果LAS平均手术时间、平均失血量、中转开腹率及术后并发症均较行IS低，而平均住院时间相对较长。术后胃肠蠕动恢复时间及特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者术后血小板上升程度差异尢显著性。结论LAS是一种相对优越的脾切除微创治疗方法。     

腹腔镜下脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床应用研究(附15例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下脾切除术的手术方法和治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,ITP)的临床效果。方法:选择15例ITP患者在腹腔镜下完成脾切除术,比较手术前后的血小板计数。结果:15例均在腹腔镜下完成脾切除术,平均手术时间160min,术中平均失血50ml,术后平均住院8d,总有效率为94%。术后1周内血小板的反应率为100%。无死亡、出血等严重并发症发生。结论:ITP患者行腹腔镜脾切除术是安全可行的,手术效果满意。     

预防腹腔镜脾切除术出血的外科技术要点

目的:探讨预防腹腔镜下脾切除术术中出血的技术。方法:完全腹腔镜手术治疗肝硬化脾肿大6例,特发性血小板减少性紫癜(idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,ITP)5例,脾恶性淋巴瘤3例,脾血管瘤2例,外伤性脾破裂1例。手术步骤包括解剖结扎脾动脉,切断脾周韧带,解剖结扎脾门血管并离断。结果:全部病例均用腹腔镜完成手术。患者均行脾门血管逐条解剖后结扎离断。手术时间50～240min,平均(110±35)min。出血20～1500ml,平均(160±87)ml。结论:完全腹腔镜脾切除术可行,术中早期脾动脉结扎、脾门血管逐条解剖结扎后离断是控制术中出血的关键,紧贴脾实质处理脾蒂可防止胰腺损伤。     

腹腔镜与开腹脾切除术治疗血小板计数偏低的特发性血小板减少性紫癜的对比研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜与开腹脾切除术治疗血小板计数偏低的特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床疗效。方法:选取2011年10月至2014年10月手术治疗的80例血小板计数偏低的特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者,根据手术方式分为对照组与观察组,每组40例,对照组行开腹脾切除术,观察组行腹腔镜脾切除术,比较两组手术情况、术后疗效及术后并发症。结果:观察组手术时间长于对照组,但术中出血量、术后2 d引流量、术后排气时间、住院时间、术后总有效率、术后并发症总发生率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后炎症细胞因子水平均较术前降低(P0.05)。结论:治疗血小板计数偏低的特发性血小板减少性紫癜,腹腔镜脾切除术手术时间较长,但术中出血量少,术后康复快,术后并发症少,疗效可靠,手术安全性、可行性更高。     

保留脾脏功能术式在脾良性占位疾病应用

背景与目的：脾脏是人体重要免疫器官,全脾切除术可导致机体免疫功能下降、血栓等风险。保留脾脏功能的术式在脾良性疾病治疗中逐渐被认同,然而开展此类术式有一定的难度。本文旨在探讨不同手术方式在脾良性占位治疗中的应用。 方法：回顾性分析2013年6月—2019年6月手术治疗17例脾良性占位患者的临床资料。 结果：行开腹脾部分切除术7例,行腹腔镜脾囊肿开窗引流术4例,行腹腔镜脾部分切除术4例,行腹腔镜脾大部分切除术2例;均为腹腔镜下手术,无中转开腹。手术时间：开腹脾部分切除术平均135 min,腹腔镜脾囊肿开窗术平均42 min,腹腔镜脾部分切除术平均128 min,腹腔镜脾大部分切除术平均156 min。术后病理：脾假性囊肿5例,良性囊肿3例,表皮样囊肿2例,脾血管瘤5例,脾淋巴管瘤1例,脾错构瘤1例。术中出血量：开腹脾部分切除术平均416 mL,脾囊肿开窗术平均10 mL,脾部分切除术平均395 mL,脾大部分切除术280 mL。术后血小板变化：脾部分切除术血小板术后平均2周恢复正常,脾大部分切除术后血小板平均3周恢复正常,术后均未使用抗血小板聚集药物。17例随访6~78个月,中位时间35个月,无复发及远期并发症。 结论：脾良性占位的外科治疗首选腹腔镜下保留脾脏功能的手术,二级血管离断联合脾蒂阻断是脾部分切除术中一种新的阻断方法,可在腹腔镜脾部分切除术中选择性使用。     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床经验

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(idioathic thrombocytopenic purpura,ITP)的可行性及临床疗效.方法 对2003年8月至2006年12月间17例ITP病例行腹腔镜脾切除术的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 17例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜下脾切除术,无中转开腹.手术失血少,术后无出血、无消化道瘘及腹腔感染.术后血小板均有明显上升,停用激素药后1个月复查,除2例(2/17,11.8%)部分有效外,其余15例(15/17,88.2%)为完全缓解.随访3～43个月,无复发病例.结论 腹腔镜脾切除术安全可行,效果良好.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for treatment of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is one of the advanced laparoscopic procedures that benefit most from minimally invasive surgery. This study was undertaken to compare the operating time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, and platelet count response for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) undergoing open splenectomy (OS) versus LS. METHODS: We performed OS in 20 cases before 1992 and LS in 14 cases after 1993 for the treatment of ITP. RESULTS: The operating time was significantly shorter for OS than for LS (126 +/- 52 min versus 203 +/- 83 min, p < 0.01). Blood loss was less for OS than for LS (321 +/- 264 ml versus 524 +/- 648 ml, p = 0.287). None of the patients who underwent LS were converted to open surgery. Accessory spleens were found in four OS patients (20.0%) and four LS patients (28.6%). The postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer for OS patients than for LS patients (15.2 +/- 5.8 days versus 8.9 +/- 2.9 days, p < 0.0005). No significant difference was noted in the long-term results of splenectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with OS, LS required more operating time, had the potential to cause greater blood loss, had a comparable incidence of accessory spleen and response rate, and appeared to shorten the postoperative stay.     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术（laparoscopic splenectomy，LS）治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜（idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura，ITP）的疗效。方法头高左侧高位，常规四孔法。超声刀分离脾结肠韧带、脾胃韧带、脾肾韧带及脾膈韧带，其内血管用钛夹或Hem-o-lok结扎夹夹闭。内镜血管切割闭合器（Endo-Cutter）闭合切断脾蒂；或沿脾脏逐-分离、结扎、剪断脾动、静脉的分支，或分离出脾下极动脉和脾动静脉主干，7号丝线分别结扎，血管夹夹闭，逐-结扎、剪断其分支。脾脏放入标本袋，经扩大的trocar切口提出标本袋边，脾脏于标本袋内搅碎后取出。结果2例因术中出血中转开腹手术。26例完成LS，手术时间75～230min，平均121min；术中出血量20～350ml，平均89ml。5例发现副脾并切除。术后1～2d恢复饮食并下地活动。术后住院4～11d，平均5．3d。2例切口感染，1例切口皮下血肿，1例皮下气肿。26例LS随访2．5～62个月，平均20、5月，18例（69．2％）有效，4例（15．4％）部分有效，4例（15．4％）无效。结论LS治疗ITP安全可行、效果良好。     

腹腔镜脾切除术的临床体会(附51例报告)

目的:总结腹腔镜脾切除术(laparoscopic splenectomy,LS)的手术经验与临床体会。方法:回顾分析2005年7月至2011年7月为51例患者行LS的临床资料,其中原发性血小板减少性紫癜(idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,ITP)38例,先天性溶血性贫血4例,遗传性球形红细胞增多症3例,门静脉高压症伴脾亢2例,外伤性脾破裂4例。结果:46例成功完成手术,5例中转手助腹腔镜手术。手术时间120～180 min,平均(150±12.1)min;术中出血量50～500 ml,平均(150±11.3)ml。术后住院3～7 d,平均(5±0.6)d,术后无并发症发生。38例ITP患者中37例血小板恢复正常,1例术后升高后又降低。结论:LS安全可行,术前准备工作、术中体位、术者与助手的配合及脾蒂处理是手术成功的关键。     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) has become the treatment of choice for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who do not respond to medical treatment. Long-term follow-up data of LS for ITP are scarce. METHODS: From May 1997 to December 2002, we performed 67 LS for patients with ITP. Data were assessed retrospectively. RESULTS: LS was successfully attempted in all 67 patients. There was no surgical mortality. Three postoperative complications (5%) were encountered. The mean operative time decreased significantly from 176.2 minutes in the first 41 cases to 125.2 minutes in the last 26 cases. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.2 days. Accessory spleens were found in 3 patients (5%) during the LS. The mean follow-up interval was 23.3 months. The initial response to LS was 83%, and overall remission of ITP was 74%. The preoperative effect of steroid therapy had no significant influence on postoperative remission rate. More significant indicators of LS effectiveness were either an immediate postoperative platelet count surge or an immediate postoperative platelet count >or=100000/microL. CONCLUSIONS: LS can be performed safely with a satisfactory remission rate for patients with ITP who do not respond to medical treatment. Our results indicated that an immediate postoperative platelet count surge and/or an immediate postoperative platelet count >or=100000/microL were positive predictors of long-term remission after LS for ITP.     

腹腔镜脾切除对难治性ITP治疗的应用价值

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术(LS)治疗难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的可行性和疗效。方法回顾性分析2 0 0 2年9月—2 0 0 6年3月1 8例难治性ITP(血小板计数<5 0×1 09/L)行LS的临床资料。结果1例中转传统开腹手术。1 7例完成LS,手术时间为5 2~1 7 2m in,平均9 2m in;术中出血量3 0~5 0 0mL,平均1 0 2mL。3例术中发现副脾并切除。术后1周内血小板上升,胃肠蠕动恢复时间为1 2~2 4 h,平均住院时间为8 d。发生并发症2例(腹壁静脉刺破出血)。1 7例随访2~3 7个月,1例复发。结论腹腔镜脾切除术治疗ITP是安全可行的,且临床疗效显著。     

Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a surgical disease

Background: We designed a study to assess the safety and long-term efficacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) for the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods: Over a period of 55 months, 104 patients underwent LS for chronic ITP. The perioperative course was documented and the long-term follow-up data were recorded. Results: The mean age was 36.9 years (range, 8-83) and 72 patients were female. Patients were operated on with a mean platelet count of 110,000/ml. Fifty-one patients were operated on with a platelet count of < 100,000; 18 of them had a count of < 50,000/ml and 11 had a count of < 10,000/ml. There were no conversions to laparotomy. Bleeding occurred in 14 patients, and five of them received a blood transfusion. The mean operating time was 56.5 min (range, 25-240). There were minor complications in five patients and major complications in three. The mean hospital stay was 2.1 days (range, 0-13). Over a mean follow-up period of 36 months (range, 4-62), all but four patients were available for follow-up. Eighty-four patients are in complete remission. Seven patients are in partial remission, with a platelet count of 50,000-100,000 \ml without medical treatment. Eleven patients did not respond or relapsed following a short initial response; three of them underwent later removal of an accessory spleen, two with partial response. All but two relapses occurred within 70 days of the operation. Conclusion: LS is safe and effective for the treatment of chronic ITP and yields excellent long-term results. Until another form of treatment emerges, LS should be considered the treatment of choice for this disease and recommended to the patient at an early stage of the disease.     

腹腔镜脾切除术中的操作与显露

目的　探讨腹腔镜脾切除术 (LaparoscopicSplenectomy ,LS)手术操作和术野显露。　方法回顾分析 1999年 6月以来 11例LS临床资料 ,包括 1例肝硬化脾功能亢进和 10例原发性血小板减少性紫癜 (IdiopathicThrombocytopenicPurpura ,ITP)。　结果　 9例获得成功 ,其中 6例采取仰卧位 ,手术时间平均 3 5小时 ,术中出血平均 2 0 0ml;1例采取右侧卧位 ,手术时间 4小时 ,术中出血 80ml;2例采取右侧斜卧位 ,手术时间分别为 2 5小时和 3 0小时 ,术中出血均为 10 0ml。 1例ITP术后 6小时出现腹腔内出血而再次剖腹手术 ,2例ITP中转开腹。　结论　脾周韧带及组织的良好显露与分离和脾蒂的成功控制是腹腔镜脾切除术成功的关键。     

Laparoscopic splenectomy

PURPOSE: To study the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) in patients with hematologic disorders requiring surgical intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A series of 103 consecutive adult patients underwent LS between 1992 and 1997 at our teaching hospital. Data were collected prospectively. The indications for splenectomy included idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), hereditary spherocytosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. RESULTS: The mean spleen size was 14 cm (range 8.5-24 cm) and the mean weight was 263 g (range 40-210 g). Accessory spleens were detected in 12 patients with ITP and 17 patients in the study overall. In 12 patients, LS was combined with a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones. There were four conversions to open splenectomy, all for hemorrhage and all occurred in the first 50 patients. We have not converted a single patient in the last 2 years. The mean operative time was 161 minutes and was greater in the first 10 cases than the last 10. There were no deaths. Postoperative complications occurred in six patients, one necessitating a second procedure for a small-bowel obstruction. The average length of stay in the hospital was 2.5 days. After surgery, thrombocytopenia resolved in 84% of patients with ITP and anemia resolved in 92% of the patients with hereditary spherocytosis. After a mean follow-up of 38 months (range 2-565 months), four patients (6%) showed a relapse of ITP, three within 12 months of surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic splenectomy can be performed safely and effectively in a teaching institution. LS in comparison with open surgery offers the same efficacy in the control of hematologic disease with the additional benefits of a minimally invasive approach. Laparoscopic splenectomy should therefore be considered the technique of choice and should prompt earlier consideration of surgery for patients with selected hematologic disorders.     

Are the favorable outcomes of splenectomy predictable inpatients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

BACKGROUND: Historically, splenectomy has been an accepted procedure in the management of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). However, it is also true that the response to splenectomy in patients with ITP seems to be unpredictable. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify clinical variables that might predict a favorable response to splenectomy in patients with ITP. METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively for 40 adult patients with ITP who underwent laparoscopic (LS) and open (OS) splenectomy at Emory University Hospital between 1992 and 1999. Demographics and outcomes were recorded. Age, sex, disease duration, comorbidities (ASA > 2), previous response to steroids and/or other medications, and preoperative platelet count were analyzed by univariate (t-test, Fisher's exact test) and multivariate statistical methods. RESULTS: Of the 20 patients in each group, improved platelet counts were noted in 18 patients (90%) in the LS group and 20 patients (100%) in the OS group. Follow-up (16 +/- 3 months) was obtained in 19 LS patients (95%) and 16 OS patients (80%), with 84% and 87.5% sustained response rates, respectively. After univariate analysis, two variables (age and disease duration) were found to be significantly related to the outcome of splenectomy (p 相似文献