新抗炎镇痛剂SFZ-47在家兔体内主要代谢产物的分离与鉴定

目的建立家兔尿液中新抗炎镇痛剂SFZ-47一葡糖苷酸代谢物的分离纯化方法,并对其结构进行确证。方法健康家兔,单剂量ig SFZ-47 200 mg,收集0～24 h尿样;将尿样经冷冻干燥和甲醇溶解后,用半制备型HPLC对粗提物中该代谢产物进行分离与制备,以ESI-MSⁿ和¹HNMR技术对其进行结构确证。结果首次直接证明该代谢物为SFZ-47羧基衍生物的葡糖苷酸结合物。结论本法操作简便,分离效果好,可用于SFZ-47及其结构类似物葡糖苷酸结合物的分离与鉴定。     

3H-1,2-二氢-2-(4-甲基苯胺基)甲基-1-吡咯里嗪酮在家兔体内主要代谢产物的研究

用高效液相色谱法对家兔单剂量ig750mg新抗炎镇痛剂3H-1,2二氢-2-(4-甲基苯胺基)-甲基-1-吡咯里嗪酮(Z-47)后尿中的代谢物进行了分离、检测。根据代谢物的色谱行为及与Z-47结构有关的其它药物的代谢途径,推测Z-47羧基衍生物[4-(3H-1,2-二氢-1-吡咯里嗪酮-2-甲基胺基)苯甲酸]是一可能的代谢产物,遂用化学方法合成了该衍生物。利用色谱保留值、紫外双波长吸收比值等对代谢物和标准品进行比较,并对尿样的酶水解产物进行色谱分析,证实Z-47羧基衍生物及其酯型β-D-葡糖苷酸结合物是Z-47在家兔体内的主要代谢产物。     

家兔尿中SFZ-47及其两种主要代谢产物的HPLC定量方法

建立了家兔尿中ＳＦＺ－４７及其两种主要代谢产物ＳＦＺ－４７羧基衍生物（Ｍ１）及该衍生物的酯型β－Ｄ－葡糖苷酸（Ｍ２）的 ＨＰＬＣ测定方法，并用该法对单剂量口服２３０ｍｇ ＳＦＺ－４７的 ３只家兔尿样进行了定量分析．结果表明：在０～２４ｈ内，ＳＦＺ－４７，ＭＩ和Ｍ２的累积排泄量分别占给药剂量的（８．３±０．４８）％，（１８．９３±２．６６）％和（２３．４２±８．００）％．     

茜草中蒽醌类成分的研究

从茜草Rubia cordifolia L.根的乙醇提取物中分得七个蒽醌类化合物,经理化性质及光谱分析,分别鉴定为1,3,6-三羟基-2-甲基蒽醌(Ⅰ),1-羟基蒽醌(Ⅱ),1,2,4-三羟基蒽醌(Ⅲ),1,3,6-三羟基-2-甲基蒽醌-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅳ),1,2-二羟基蒽醌-2-O-β-D-吡喃木糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅴ),1,3-二羟基-2-羟甲基蒽醌-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅵ)及1,3,6-三羟基-2-甲基蒽醌-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)-β-D-(6'-O-乙酰基)吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅶ).其中Ⅶ为一新化合物。     

制首乌中两个新化合物

目的：研究制首乌(Radix Polygoni multiflori Preparata)化学成分。方法：应用硅胶、Sephadex、反相硅胶柱色谱对制首乌正丁醇萃取部分中化学成分进行分离纯化,应用理化常数测定和光谱(IR,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,2D-NMR)分析技术鉴定结构。结果：分离并鉴定了5个单体化合物：大黄素甲醚-8-O-β-D-葡糖苷(Ⅰ)、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡糖苷(Ⅱ)、决明蒽酮-8-O-β-D-葡糖苷(Ⅲ)、6-甲氧基-2-乙酰基-3-甲基-1,4-萘醌-8-O-β-D-葡糖苷(Ⅳ)、2,3,5,4′-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-(2″-O-乙酰基)-β-D-葡糖苷(Ⅴ)。结论：Ⅳ和Ⅴ为新化合物。     

液相色谱-串联电喷雾离子阱质谱法鉴定大鼠尿液中大豆黄素的羟基化代谢产物及其硫酸酯轭合物

目的鉴定大豆黄素在大鼠体内的羟基化及其结合形代谢产物。方法SD大鼠分别单剂量给药500 mg·kg^-1，收集0～24 h尿样。尿样经SPE ODS C₁₈固相萃取柱纯化后，用LC-ESI/MSⁿ对尿样中的代谢物分别进行选择离子监测(SIM)和多级质谱(MSⁿ)分析。结果在大鼠尿中检测到几种尚未在国内外报道过的羟基化代谢产物及其硫酸酯轭合物。结论LC-ESI/MSⁿ法可以快速、简捷、准确地鉴定大豆黄素在大鼠体内羟基化及其结合形代谢产物。     

3H－1，2－二氢－2－（4－甲基苯胺基）甲基－1－吡咯里嗪酮在家兔体内主要代谢产物的研究

用高效液相色谱法对家兔单剂量ｉｇ７５０ｍｇ新抗炎镇痛剂３Ｈ－１，２二氢－２－（４－甲基苯胺基）－甲基－１－吡咯里嗪酮（Ｚ－４７）后尿中的代谢物进行了分离、检测。根据代谢物的色谱行为及与Ｚ－４７结构有关的其它药物的代谢途径，推测Ｚ－４７羧基衍生物［４－（３Ｈ－１，２－二氢－１－吡咯里嗪酮－２－甲基胺基）苯甲酸］是一可能的代谢产物，遂用化学方法合成了该衍生物。利用色谱保留值、紫外双波长吸收比值等对代谢物和标准品进行比较，并对尿样的酶水解产物进行色谱分析，证实Ｚ－４７羧基衍生物及其酯型β－Ｄ－葡糖苷酸结合物是Ｚ－４７在家兔体内的主要代谢产物。     

四倍体板蓝根中的一个新生物碱四倍体板蓝根中的一个新生物碱

目的研究四倍体菘蓝Isatis indigotica Fort.根的化学成分。方法用大孔树脂和硅胶柱色谱对正丁醇萃取部分的化学成分进行分离纯化,应用理化常数测定和光谱(IR,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,2D-NMR)分析技术鉴定结构。结果从正丁醇萃取部位分离得到1个生物碱和2个木脂素类化合物,分别鉴定为：(E)-2-［(3′-吲哚)腈基亚甲基］-3-吲哚酮(I),2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苯基)-4-［(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苯基)-甲基］-3-羟甲基-四氢呋喃(II),2-甲氧基-4-{四氢-4-［(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苯基)-甲基］-3-羟甲基-2-呋喃基}苯基-1-O-β-D-葡糖苷(III)。结论I为新化合物,II,III为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

栾树种子的化学成分研究

目的：分离鉴定栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.)种子的化学成分。 方法：分别用石油醚回流提取和95% EtOH浸提, 硅胶柱色谱分离, IR,MS,UV,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR等方法确定结构。 结果：分得8个化合物,分别为3/-O-十四烷酰基-1-腈基-2-甲基-1,2-丙烯(1), 3-O-二十碳-14,15-烯酰基-1-腈基-2-甲基-1,2-丙烯(2), 3-O-二十碳-14,15-烯酰基-4-O-十八烷酰基-1-腈基-2-氧代亚甲基-1,2-丙烯(3), 3-O-(6′-亚油酰基-葡萄糖)-β-谷甾醇(4), 1-O-β-D-葡萄糖-2-O-油酸-3-O-十六烷酸甘油酯（5), 1-O-十六烷酸甘油酯（6), 14,15-二十碳烯酸（7),三油酸甘油酯（8)。 结论：1～3为新化合物, 4～8系首次从该植物中分得, 并归属其波谱信号。     

拟人参皂苷F11在大鼠体内的药物代谢研究

目的探讨拟人参皂苷F11在大鼠体内的药物代谢产物及其过程.方法ip拟人参皂苷F₁₁后,应用TLC分析排泄物中的代谢产物,并利用制备薄层分离制备代谢产物,通过波谱解析(MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,¹H-¹HCOSY)确定其结构.结果从粪便中分离鉴定了3种代谢产物,分别为拟人参皂苷R_T5,ocotillol和1个新的代谢产物F-3-1,并确定其结构为6-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(20S,23S,24R)-达玛-20(24)-环氧-3β,6α,12β,23,25-五醇(6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(20S,23S,24R)-dammar-20(24)-epoxy-3-β,6α,12β,23,25-pentanol).但在尿液和胆汁中并未发现任何代谢产物.结论拟人参皂苷F₁₁不被肝脏代谢,但胆汁排泄物可在肠道被代谢为水解和氧化产物.     

用电喷雾离子阱质谱法对SFZ-47在家兔体内两主要代谢物的分析

以ＨＰＬＣ对家兔单剂量口服１００ｍｇ新抗炎镇痛剂ＳＦＺ ４７［３Ｈ １,２二氢 ２ （４ 甲基苯胺基）甲基 １ 吡咯里嗪酮］后尿中的两主要代谢物进行了分离、制备,再用电喷雾离子阱质谱法对代谢物分别进行结构鉴定．结果表明,采用负离子ＥＳＩ ＭＳ３检测方式,对代谢物ＳＦＺ ４７羧基衍生物［４ （３Ｈ １,２ 二氢 １ 吡咯里嗪酮 ２ 甲基胺基）苯甲酸］及其酯型β Ｄ 葡糖苷酸结合物可获得分子结构的丰富信息     

黑曲霉菌对SFZ-47的代谢转化

利用微生物转化的方法，选取黑曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｕｓｎｉｇｅｒ）为转化菌株，对新型抗炎镇痛剂ＳＦＺ－４７转化产物的种类与产率进行了研究．高效液相色谱法测试结果表明，该菌株能产生稳定的转化产物，且重现性好．形成转化产物的影响因素包括发酵转化培养基初始ｐＨ及是否加入硫酸镁等．正交试验结果发现，在３种较佳的转化条件下共获得６种转化产物．在其中两种条件下，分别获得４种转化产物；在另一种条件下，一主要转化产物的产率高达６７．５％，转化液中残留的母体药物仅为１４．０％．     

Pharmacokinetics,metabolism and excretion of [14C]-lanicemine (AZD6765), a novel low-trapping N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor channel blocker,in healthy subjects

Abstract

1.?(1S)-1-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethanamine (lanicemine; AZD6765) is a low-trapping N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) channel blocker that has been studied as an adjunctive treatment in major depressive disorder. The metabolism and disposition of lanicemine was determined in six healthy male subjects after a single intravenous infusion dose of 150?mg [¹⁴C]-lanicemine.

2.?Blood, urine and feces were collected from all subjects. The ratios of C_max and AUC_(0–∞) of lanicemine to plasma total radioactivity were 84 and 66%, respectively, indicating that lanicemine was the major circulating component with T_1/2 at 16?h. The plasma clearance of lanicemine was 8.3?L/h, revealing that lanicemine is a low-clearance compound. The mean recovery of radioactivity from urine was 93.8% of radioactive dose.

3.?In urine samples, 10 metabolites of lanicemine were identified. Among which, an O-glucuronide conjugate (M1) was the most abundant metabolite (～11% of the dose in excreta). In plasma, the circulatory metabolites were identified as a para-hydroxylated metabolite (M1), an O-glucuronide (M2), an N-carbamoyl glucuronide (M3) and an N-acetylated metabolite (M6). The average amount of each of metabolite was less than 4% of total radioactivity detected in plasma or urine.

4.?In conclusion, lanicemine is a low-clearance compound. The unchanged drug and metabolites are predominantly eliminated via urinary excretion.     

4-酰基-5-吡唑酮的二烃基锡配合物的合成、表征及其抗癌活性研究

目的　设计合成一系列新型有机锡化合物,通过药理筛选寻找具有抗肿瘤活性的药物并探讨其构效关系。方法　以4-酰基-5-吡唑酮为配体合成有机锡化合物,用元素分析、红外光谱、 ¹H,¹³C,¹¹⁹Sn NMR等方法对得到的化合物作结构表征并利用几种药理模型进行体外抗癌活性筛选。结果　合成了一系列R₂SnL₂ 型有机锡新配合物并确定其结构。结论　药理筛选结果表明,多个化合物(3～6,9～11)对HL-60, HCT-8, Bel-7402,BGC-823和KB癌细胞有效,显示了较强的抗癌活性。     

Identification of in‐vivo and in‐vitro metabolites of palmatine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Objectives Despite its important therapeutic value, the metabolism of palmatine is not yet clear. Our objective was to investigate its in‐vivo and in‐vitro metabolism. Methods Liquid chromatography–tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI/MSⁿ) was employed in this work. In‐vivo samples, including faeces, urine and plasma of rats, were collected after oral administration of palmatine (20 mg/kg) to rats. In‐vitro samples were prepared by incubating palmatine with intestinal flora and liver microsome of rats, respectively. All the samples were purified via a C₁₈ solid‐phase extraction procedure, then chromatographically separated by a reverse‐phase C₁₈ column with methanol–formic acid aqueous solution (pH 3.5, 70: 30 v/v) as mobile phase, and detected by an on‐line MSⁿ detector. The structure of each metabolite was elucidated by comparing its molecular weight, retention time and full‐scan MSⁿ spectra with those of the parent drug. Key findings The results revealed that 12 metabolites were present in rat faeces, 13 metabolites in rat urine, 7 metabolites in rat plasma, 10 metabolites in rat intestinal flora and 9 metabolites in rat liver microsomes. Except for six of the metabolites in rat urine, the other in‐vivo and in‐vitro metabolites were reported for the first time. Conclusions Seven new metabolites of palmatine (tri‐hydroxyl palmatine, di‐demethoxyl palmatine, tri‐demethyl palmatine, mono‐demethoxyl dehydrogen palmatine, di‐demethoxyl dehydrogen palmatine, mono‐demethyl dehydrogen palmatine, tri‐demethyl dehydrogen palmatine) were reported in this work.     

Metabolism of SFZ—47 in chicken embryo by liquid chroma—tography—electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry

AIM:To develop an alternative method for investigation of drug metabolism by fertilized chicken eggs using 3H-1,2-dihydro-2-(4-methyl-phenylamino) methyl-1-pyrrolizinone (SFZ-47) as a probe drug. METHODS:SFZ-47(15 mg) was injected into the albumen of eggs from standardized breed chickens previously incubated for 10d. After 72 h of further incubation, the allantoic liquid was subjected to solid phase extraction on XAD-2 columns and analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry method. RESULTS: Three major metabolites were identified, namely 4-(3H-1,2-dihydro-1-pyrrolizinone-2-methyl-amino) benzyl alcohol (SFZ-47-OH), 4-(3H-1,2-dihydro-1-pyrrolizinone-2-methyl-amino)-benzoic acid (SFZ-47-COOH), and its glucuronide conjugates. The metabolic profile was little different from that previously found in rabbits and dogs. CONCLUSION: The result demonstrates the usefulness of the fertilized chicken egg as a convenient source of both phase I and phase Ⅱ metabolites for further metabolism studies of SFZ-47.     

蒿甲醚在兔体内的药代动力学

本文报道蒿甲醚在兔体内的药代动力学。静脉输注蒿甲醚脂肪乳剂(蒿甲醚80mg/kg)后,血药时间数据用NONLIN程序拟合曲线,符合线性二室开模型。药代动力学参数的平均(SD)为:t1/2(α和β)分别为0.144(0.077)h和0.896(0.371)h;k₂₁,k₁₀和k₁₂分别为1.235(0.705),4.143(1.370)和1.140(0.951)h^-1;V_c,V_d(area)和V_d(ss)分别为0.609(0.119),2.985(0.787)和1.054(0.202)L/kg;清除率为2.401(0.339)L·kg^-1·h。肌内注射油剂250mg/kg或125mg/kg,血药时间数据按矩量法计算,得吸收速率常数(Ka)为0.0377(0.0119)h^-1;吸收程度为36.14(18.39)%。