A 50-year-old woman addicted to heroin: review of treatment of heroin addiction

Heroin addiction is a complicated medical and psychiatric issue, with well-established as well as newer modes of treatment. The case of Ms W, a 50-year-old woman with a long history of opiate addiction who has been treated successfully with methadone for 9 years and who now would like to consider newer alternatives, illustrates the complex issues of heroin addiction. The treatment of heroin addiction as a chronic disease is reviewed, including social, medical, and cultural issues and pharmacologic treatment with methadone and the more experimental medication options of buprenorphine and naltrexone.      

Guillan-Barré syndrome in heroin addiction.

In two cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (acute polyneuritis) as a complication of narcotic abuse, the onset of paralysis began approximately 4 and 12 hours after self-administration of opiates intravenously. Bulbar and respiratory paralysis developed in one patient and required prolonged ventilation therapy; the other patient had peripheral muscular and unilateral facial weakness, with notable pleocytosis was present in both.     

DRD4多态性与海洛因依赖的相关研究

目的探讨多巴胺D4受体第3外显子48bp可变重复序列多态性(DRD4exon48bpVNTR)与海洛因依赖的关系。方法采用PCR扩增,变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,银染检测结果,检测了西北地区187例20~45岁之间海洛因依赖人员的DRD4基因多态性。结果在DRD4exon48bp的重复片段中,海洛因依赖组存在5个等位基因,分别为2,3,4,5,6个重复片段,其基因频率以48bp的2个和4个重复等位基因出现的频率较高。把等位基因划分为长重复序列(大于等于4次)和短重复序列(小于4次)后,海洛因依赖组长重复等位基因多于对照组(χ2=3.82,P<0.05)。结论DRD4外显子48bpVNTR长重复等位基因与海洛因依赖有关。     

加味四君子汤联合美沙酮治疗海洛因成瘾临床观察

目的观察加味四君子汤联合美沙酮对海洛因依赖脱毒治疗临床疗效。方法将60例海洛因成瘾患者随机分为联合组（30例）和对照组（30例）,联合组在美沙酮脱毒治疗基础上加用加味四君子汤,对照组用美沙酮配合给予安慰剂脱毒治疗。使用汉密顿焦虑量表评价每组治疗前后的戒断症状指标。结果联合组戒断症状指标[（3.16±2.12）分]较治疗前有明显的改善,且与对照组[（4.64±2.91）分]比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在标准美沙酮脱毒治疗基础上加用加味四君子汤可改善海洛因依赖者戒断症状,提高临床脱毒效果。     

Malaria: a new facet of heroin addiction in Australia.

A case of vivax malaria is described. The patient, who had occasionally abused heroin intravenously, shared injection equipment with an addict who had previously contracted malaria in Southeast Asia and who had failed to complete an adequate course of treatment.     

海洛因成瘾模型建立及中脑腹侧被盖区Bax的表达

目的探索海洛因对中脑腹侧被盖区细胞Bax表达的影响。方法肌肉注射海洛因,建立成瘾大鼠模型,用免疫组化方法检测中脑腹侧被盖区细胞Bax的表达。结果连续给大鼠注射海洛因7d后,大鼠出现明显的戒断症状;中脑腹侧被盖区细胞Bax表达阳性细胞比对照组明显增多,与对照组相比差异有显著性 (P<0.01)。结论海洛因具有诱导Bax基因表达、损伤脑组织细胞的作用。     

麻醉和海洛因依赖状态下大鼠前额联络皮层脑电特征

目的:无线遥测麻醉和海洛因依赖状态下大鼠额叶联络皮层(FrA)实时脑电,并分析其特征性的脑电变化。方法:利用自编程序对不同病理状态及正常对照组大鼠FrA区的遥测脑电做小波消噪时域分析、功率谱及样本熵复杂度分析。结果:1麻醉状态、海洛因注射即刻状态(时间<2 h)、海洛因戒断三种状态下与正常对照组相比,δ波明显增加,且δ波峰值按序右移。2三种状态下样本熵与正常大鼠样本熵相比均显著性减小(P<0.01)。3与麻醉状态、海洛因戒断状态下样本熵相比,海洛因注射即刻状态下脑电样本熵显著减小(P<0.01)。结论:小波消噪时域、功率谱及样本熵复杂度三种脑电分析方法都表明,麻醉和海洛因依赖大鼠用药不同时段的FrA区脑电均有特征性变化。