正常大鼠视网膜电图振荡电位的频谱特性分析

背景暗适应视网膜电图（ERG）的振荡电位（OPs）在多种视网膜疾病的视功能评价中发挥重要作用,但其波形的确切起源尚未完全明确。OPs波的时域和频域分析及其影响因素的研究对进一步研究OPs的发生和起源具有重要意义。目的观察正常大鼠的暗适应ERGOPs与刺激光强度和动物年龄的关系。方法选择出生后21、25、32、35、37、46、60及90d的RCS—rdy^＋-P^＋大鼠各3只,采用RETI—scan记录系统进行闪光视网膜电图（F—ERG）OPs波记录,记录电极为环形角膜电极,参考电极为不锈钢针状电极,刺激强度分别为-20、-10、-5、0、5dB,通过Matlab提取OPs成分,分析其频谱特性。结果上述各种刺激强度下不同年龄组大鼠OPs的最大能量振幅值对应的频率值（即主频）范围为80～120Hz。随着刺激光强度的增加,开始出现高频（200—250Hz）成分,对应的振幅值随着刺激光强度的增加而增加;低频成分,即主频随着刺激光强度的增加其对应振幅值出现先升高后下降的趋势;当刺激光强度达到0dB时,低频成分出现双峰现象。25日龄大鼠OPs主频振幅最小,60日龄大鼠OPs主频振幅最大;25日龄大鼠OPs主频的带宽最窄,60日龄大鼠OPs主频的带宽最宽。结论大鼠ERG的OPs频域特性分析说明,刺激光强度对大鼠OPs振幅产生正向的影响,而大鼠的年龄主要影响OPs的主频分布。     

早产儿全视野闪光视网膜电图检查

目的观察全视野闪光视网膜电图（F-ERG）在早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）中的变化及其评价早产儿视网膜功能的可行性。方法 4～12周龄早产儿84例（168眼）,其中ROP（＋）组30例,ROP（-）组54例。在睡眠状态下进行F-ERG检查,记录视杆反应、最大混合反应以及视锥反应。成人组为健康成年人15例（30眼）。F-ERG的记录遵循ISCEV2000年修订的临床视觉电生理国际标准化程序。结果 F-ERG各反应波形发生率3组比较,ROP（＋）组最低,差异均有统计学意义（视杆反应：χ2=50.710,P=0.000;最大混合反应：χ2=32.002,P=0.000;视锥反应：χ2=23.992,P=0.000）。ROP（＋）组和ROP（-）组视杆反应波形发生率低于视锥反应,差异均有统计学意义（χ2=20.306,P=0.000;χ2=12.706,P=0.000）。3组F-ERG各反应a波、b波隐含时及振幅的比较,差异均有统计学意义（视杆反应：b波隐含时F=66.405,P=0.000;b波振幅F=180.496,P=0.000。最大混合反应：a波隐含时F=9.536,P=0.000;a波振幅F=189.150,P=0.000;b波隐含时F=89.851,P=0.000;b波振幅F=278.984,P=0.000。视锥反应：a波隐含时F=37.526,P=0.000;a波振幅F=67.182,P=0.000;b波隐含时F=32.470,P=0.000;b波振幅F=145.631,P=0.000）。除视锥反应a波振幅和b波隐含时ROP（＋）组与ROP（-）组比较以及最大混合反应a波隐含时ROP（-）组与成人组比较外,ROP（＋）组余各反应a波、b波隐含时明显延长,振幅明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论出生后4～12周早产儿的视网膜功能仍处于发育过程中,视杆细胞较视锥细胞成熟晚;而ROP对其视网膜功能有一定的影响,且主要影响视杆细胞功能,其影响与病变程度有关。F-ERG可以作为评价早产儿视网膜功能的检测手段之一。     

视网膜电图震荡电位的研究进展及其在糖尿病视网膜病变中的应用

视网膜电图震荡电位（OPs）是叠加在视网膜电图b波上升段的数个高频率、有节律的小波。用现行国际临床视觉电生理学会视网膜电图记录标准所得到的OPs是来自视杆、视锥细胞的混合反应。近年来,对OPs的分离、纯化和定量技术取得较大进展。研究发现,视杆和视锥细胞引发的OPs有不同的特性。OPs可客观反映内层视网膜的功能,在糖尿病患者视网膜出现明显血管病变前,OPs即可出现振幅下降。随着对OPs具体成分的深入认识和分离技术的不断提高,纯净和无混杂成分的OPs在糖尿病视网膜病变病理损害发生机制的研究以及早期诊断和疗效随访中可能会发挥重要作用     

一种改良的光诱导视网膜分级损伤大鼠模型

背景大鼠视网膜光损伤动物模型因诸多影响因素较难复制,使不同因子（如药物）对视网膜光损伤生物学效应的研究受到影响。目的改良大鼠视网膜光损伤动物模型的制作方法,建立大鼠视网膜光损伤程度分级模型。方法选用8～10同龄雄性SD大鼠24只,根据强光暴露时间的不同将动物按随机数字表法分为正常对照组和光损伤1、2、3h组,每组6只大鼠。为获得眼球的全视野光辐照,采用环形光照箱将LED灯集中分布在光照箱的上下和光照箱四周共8个方向,保证大鼠在光照箱内做单向环形活动时其右眼接受约5000lx的光照。实验中每只动物单独接受光辐照,以避免动物之间的相互干扰。光辐照后5d进行全视野视网膜电图（ERG）记录,并进行常规组织病理学观察,评价视网膜外核层（ONL）的厚度变化。结果5000lx强光暴露1、2、3h后暗适应条件下的ERG视杆细胞反应、标准光最大混合光反应的b波幅值分别下降了26．2％、52．5％、70．7％和24．4％、39．3％、58．1％,OPs波、视锥细胞反应、20Hz闪烁光反应也均有明显下降,不同光照时间组间各波平均振幅值的总体差异均有统计学意义（视杆：F=71．690,P=0．000;混合光反应：F=56．250,P=0．000;OPs：F=23．610,P=0．000;视锥：F=27．130,P=0．000;20Hz：F=27．030,P=0．000）;不同光照时间组间各波平均隐含时的总体差异均有统计学意义（视杆：F=1．370,P=0．282;混合光反应：a波：F=0．800,P=0．508;b波：F=11．840,P=0．000;视锥：F=2．080,P=0．136）。振幅下降及隐含时延长的程度均与光暴露时间有关。视网膜的光损伤以视网膜颞上区域明显,光辐照1、2、3h后该区域ONL厚度较正常对照组分别减少了11．3％、25．6％、72．5％,各组的平均ONL厚度随光照时间的延长逐渐变薄,差异有统计学意义（F=410．270,P=0．000）。结论光强度为5000lx连续光辐照后可以造成大鼠视网膜损伤,光辐照1、2、3h后损伤程度分为轻、中、重3级,主要损伤部位在大鼠视网膜颞上区域。研究提出了一种视网膜光损伤程度标准的建议。     

视网膜色素上皮变性大鼠随生长发育的视网膜电图改变

背景RCS—rdy-P’大鼠随着生长发育会逐渐发生视网膜色素变性（RP）,记录其生长发育过程中的视网膜电图（ERG）改变可为该模型鼠的进一步研究奠定基础。目的观察RCS—rdy-P’大鼠视网膜发育过程中的ERG变化,研究ERG随发育的变化特点。方法采用RETI-port系统、环形角膜电极和不锈钢针状电极分别记录生后21、32、37、45、60d的RCS-rdy-P’大鼠的系列暗适应ERG,每个年龄组6只鼠。取相同时间点及数量的同种系正常的RCS-rdy-P’大鼠作为正常对照。暗适应不同时间的ERG对比采用RCS-rdy＋P’生后60d大鼠共9只,每组3只。结果在刺激光强、刺激频率、体温相同的情况下,RCS-rdy-P’大鼠ERGb波振幅与暗适应时间有关,随着暗适应时间的延长,b波振幅增加,当暗适应时间超过12h时,即使暗适应时间增加,b波振幅不再增长,说明暗适应超过12h可以得到RCS-rdy＋-P’大鼠一个较为稳定的ERG波形。与RCS—rdy＋一P’大鼠比较,RCS—rdy-P’大鼠在生后21d时ERG已出现a波、b波振幅的下降,同时隐含时明显延长,以a波改变为主。随着RCS—rdy-P’大鼠年龄增长及RP的进展,ERGa波、b波振幅进一步下降,隐含时延长,RCS—rdy-P’大鼠生后60d时,其ERG反应记录不到。对照组大鼠在21d时,ERG的a波、b波均振幅较低;生后32d时RCS—rdy-P’大鼠b波振幅增加,但隐含时缩短;到生后45d仅小幅增加,45～60d再次出现b波振幅显著增加,隐含时缩短。结论RCS—rdy一一P’大鼠随着年龄的增长发生视网膜功能的变化,其暗适应ERG改变符合RP的进展过程。     

高血糖对实验性糖尿病大鼠视网膜电图的影响

目的观察糖尿病大鼠ERG和OPs的变化情况,探讨糖尿病对大鼠FERG和OPs的影响。方法将100只大鼠分为正常组10只和糖尿病组90只。糖尿病组用STZ造模,6个月后将符合条件的大鼠纳入观察组。检测6、9个月时大鼠ERG和OPs的表现。结果糖尿病大鼠视网膜电图a波、b波、OPs振幅有下降趋势,峰潜时延长,与对照组大鼠相比有差异(P<0.01);9个月时糖尿病大鼠a波、b波、OPs振幅降低,峰潜时延迟,与6个月时比较有显著差异(P<0.01或0.05)。结论高血糖可使糖尿病大鼠ERG和OPs振幅下降,峰潜时延长;且随病程的延长其影响逐渐增强。     

大鼠不同颜色光视网膜电图特点

目的：探索正常SD大鼠及视网膜锥体失功能(RCD)大鼠不同颜色光视网膜电图特点及其可能存在的诊断价值。

方法：成年雄性SD大鼠及RCD大鼠,各6只,分别进行红、白、绿及蓝色光的视网膜电图记录,刺激所用的红光波长为625nm,绿光波长为525nm,蓝光波长为470nm,白光为混合光。

结果：正常SD大鼠各颜色光ERG表现为短波长的绿光及蓝光刺激条件下波幅值较红光及白光高; 而RCD大鼠各颜色光暗适应ERG的b波波幅值无显著差别,但各颜色光的波幅值均小于SD大鼠; 而各颜色光明适应ERG均未记录到明显波形。

结论：大鼠对短波长的绿光及蓝光较为敏感,建议可使用蓝光或者绿光作为大鼠视网膜电图记录的刺激光源。RCD大鼠对各颜色光无特异性的反应,尚不能用颜色光视网膜电图作为其特异的诊断指标。     

正常成年SD大鼠明视闪光视网膜电图特征

目的:探讨正常成年SD大鼠的明视视网膜电图(Electroretinogram,ERG)特征.方法:选取正常9～12周SD大鼠60只,使用罗兰视觉电生理仪记录大鼠右眼的明视闪光ERG.使用SPSS统计分析a波、b波和明视负波反应(Photopic negative response,PhNR)的隐含期和振幅.比较雄性和雌性SD大鼠明视ERG特征.结果:每只SD大鼠均能记录到稳定的a波、b波和PhNR,其中a波的隐含期和PhNR的隐含期及振幅均符合正态分布,而其余指标均不符合正态分布.PhNR的隐含期为124.6±8.5ms,其变异系数最小(0.07).PhNR的振幅为(11.3±4.2)μV,变异系数为0.37.雄性和雌性SD大鼠明视ERG的各反应波之间无显著差异.结论:在正常成年SD大鼠,明视闪光ERG是一项客观评价大鼠明视状态下视网膜功能的手段,PhNR可以作为一项稳定的评价内层视网膜功能的指标.     

正常大鼠暗适应视网膜电图b波的光强-振幅曲线的观察

目的观察正常SD大鼠暗适应视网膜电图b波光强-振幅曲线的特点。方法取完全暗适应状态SD大鼠12只。利用中性滤光片降低全视野刺激器固有光强度,按0.5个对数单位的间隔衰减得到7档（分别为-5.0、-4.5、-4.0、-3.5、-3.0、-2.5和-2.0log cd·s·m^-2）,采用RETI-scan系统,自制的银环角膜电极和不锈钢针状电极,记录暗适应系列光视网膜电图。采用Naka-Rushton方法分析b波的强度-反应函数。结果b波阈强度为-4.5log cd·s·m-2,饱和强度为-2.5log cd·s·m-2。当刺激强度在-5.0～-2.0log cd·s·m-2范围时,b波光强-振幅曲线呈＂S＂型,符合Naka-Rushton等式;其中有两个重要参数（Rmax,I50）分别代表b波饱和幅值和产生1/2该幅值的刺激强度,本实验中Rmax为（721.2±89.5）μV,I50为（-3.30±0.36）log cd·s·m^-2。上述参数与人类正常值相比差异明显。结论大鼠视网膜反应特性与人类存在较大差异,应用视网膜电图b波光强-反应函数来评价其杆体系统功能时选择合适的刺激参数非常重要。     

视网膜电图在早产儿视网膜病变激光术后视网膜功能评价中的应用

目的 应用视网膜电图(electroretinogram,ERG)评价早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathyofpremature,ROP)激光术后视网膜功能的变化。方法 选取2011年1月至2012年12月在我院行激光光凝术的ROP患儿30例(60眼)为观察组,另选取同期视网膜发育正常的健康早产儿30例(60眼)为对照组,记录激光术后6个月的暗适应与明适应ERG,并对两组结果进行统计比较。结果 观察组视杆反应b波振幅为(131.47±36.20)μV,对照组为(149.33±40.14)μV,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组最大混合反应a波、b波振幅分别为(96.52±23.71)μV、(222.76±53.44)μV,对照组分别为(109.85±23.17)μV、(26044±52.28)μV,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);观察组振荡电位峰值为(37.71±22.23)μV,对照组为(49.70±32.24)μV,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组视杆反应b波及最大混合反应a波、b波潜伏期与对照组差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。观察组视锥反应a波、b波振幅与对照组差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),观察组视锥反应a波、b波潜伏期与对照组差异也均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。结论 经过激光光凝术治疗,ROP患儿视网膜视锥细胞功能发育与正常早产儿没有差别,而视杆细胞功能发育略差。     

遗传性视网膜病变模式大鼠的氧诱导视网膜病变观察

目的:探索遗传性视网膜病变模式大鼠的氧诱导视网膜新生血管特点。方法:将新生(生后7d)的SD大鼠、CSNB大鼠和RCD大鼠各1窝每窝(即每组)6只暴露于800±20mL/L氧浓度环境中持续饲养5d,然后再回到正常氧环境条件饲养5d;对照组为以上3种品系同龄新生鼠各1窝,每窝(即每组)各6只置于正常氧环境中饲养17d作为对照。在第18d时将所有幼鼠行心脏墨汁灌注,取出两侧眼球,其中1眼用于视网膜铺片了解视网膜血管形态的改变,另1眼用于组织切片观察并统计突破视网膜内界膜的血管内皮细胞核的数目。结果:在正常饲养环境下,RCD大鼠视网膜血管网稀疏,SD大鼠CSNB大鼠视网膜血管未见明显异常。在氧诱导下,各实验组大鼠视网膜血管正常网络状结构受到破坏,结构稀疏,血管迂曲、收缩或扩张,部分血管出现闭塞,其中SD大鼠、CSNB大鼠视网膜有出血点,甚至片状出血。组织切片显示对照组的SD大鼠中偶见突破内界膜的内皮细胞核,其他两组均未见。实验组中SD大鼠、CSNB大鼠和RCD大鼠3种品系中均可见较多的突破内界膜内皮细胞核,计数结果分别为24.10±2.49,38.20±10.47,68.00±3.06,与同品系的对照组有显著性的差异(P<0.01);与不同品系的实验组比较也均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:氧诱导的新生大鼠视网膜新生血管与品系有关,视网膜退行性病变大鼠仍可诱导出视网膜新生血管,且严重程度可能与感光细胞的功能有关。     

Visual evoked potential by implanted scalp electrode in rats

·AIM:To establish a new method to record visual evoked potential of rats and this method was applied to retinal cone degeneration (RCD) and congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) rats to see whether it is feasible.·METHODS:After anesthesia,the rats scalp surface was exposed and two stainless screws were implanted at 4mm in front of and 8mm behind Bregma.The front one was reference electrode and the latter one was recording electrode.The ground electrode was joined to the tail.And we recorded VEP of scotopic adaptation and photopic adaptation (The stimulus intensity of light :0.011,0.035,0.11,0.35,1.1 and 3.5cd·s/m2.They were all overlapped for 100 times.There were 2-5minutes intervals between different intensities.The frequency of stimulation was 1Hz and time course was 300 milliseconds).A week later,we recorded the VEP again in the same conditions.·RESULTS:The rats who were implanted with electrodes could live longer.When they were recorded,there was no disturbance and the waveforms were very clear and steady.There was no difference between the waveforms recorded by conventional method and those by implanted electrodes while the amplitude of new method was larger than conventional.We could get the same conclusion in RCD and CSNB rats.·CONCLUSION:Since the electrodes can be kept on the scalp for a longer time,we can not only observe dynamic changes of VEP but also observe the long-duration patho-logical changes in the rats.Because the positions of recording and reference electrodes were fixed,the system error can be reduced and the repeatability of experiments increased.·     

Study of rod- and cone-driven oscillatory potentials in mice

PURPOSE: To characterize rod- and cone-driven oscillatory potentials (OPs) in mice. METHODS: Dark- and light-adapted electroretinograms (ERGs) were obtained in three mouse models: wild-type C57BL/6J mouse, cone photoreceptor function loss 1 (cpfl1) mouse, and rhodopsin knockout (rho-/-) mouse. A Butterworth filter was used to extract OPs from ERG signals. Latencies were calculated from the extracted OPs. Major frequency components were determined from OP power spectra computed using fast Fourier transform (FFT). The total power of the OP signal (an alternative measurement of amplitude) was calculated by numerically integrating the area enclosed by its frequency spectra, which is analogous to the total energy of mechanical vibration. RESULTS: In C57BL/6J mice, dark- and light-adapted OPs had distinctly different peak frequencies (100 to 120 Hz and 70 to 85 Hz, respectively). In cpfl1 mice which possess pure rod ERGs, dark-adapted OPs had a peak frequency similar to those of the wild-type mice, whereas light-adapted ERGs and OPs were not detectable. In rho-/- mice with pure cone functions, both dark-adapted and light-adapted OPs had peak frequencies of 70 to 90 Hz, which were similar to those obtained from light-adapted OPs in wild-type mice. The total power of cone-driven OPs was less than 5% that of rod-driven OPs. In time-domain, cone-driven OPs occurred approximately 13 ms after rod-driven OPs. CONCLUSIONS: Cone- and rod-driven OPs exhibit significantly different characteristics in peak frequency, latency, and total power. By using these characteristics, it is possible to differentiate cone- and rod-driven OPs in mouse models. Understanding these OP features is essential for analyzing OPs.     

Characteristic ERG-flicker anomaly in incomplete congenital stationary night blindness

Ten patients with the incomplete type of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) were examined with a 30 Hz flicker electroretinogram (ERG). After 30 min of dark adaptation, 30 Hz flicker ERG was recorded continuously for 12-15 min under white background illumination. All patients showed an exaggerated increase of amplitude and a universal characteristic change of wave shape as the light adaptation progressed. Thirty normal subjects also showed increased amplitude during light adaptation, but the increase in amplitude was significantly less than in incomplete-type CSNB, and there was little change in wave shape. The same procedure was applied to patients with complete-type CSNB, retinitis pigmentosa, congenital retinoschisis, cone dystrophy, and Oguchi's disease; neither the exaggerated increase of amplitude nor the wave change was seen. Our results indicate that incomplete-type CSNB is a newly identified cone-rod dysfunction syndrome with a special functional property.     

先天性静止性夜盲大鼠视杆双极细胞L-钙通道电生理特征

目的研究先天性静止性夜盲（CSNB）大鼠视杆双极细胞（RBCs）L-钙通道的生理学特征,探讨其与视觉信号传导通路障碍的关系。方法选取4～8周龄SD大鼠20只（对照组）、CSNB大鼠23只（实验组）,深度麻醉后处死大鼠,制作视网膜切片,红外显微镜下寻找RBCs胞体,运用全细胞膜片钳模式记录L-钙通道电流,并记录程序刺激后细胞静息膜电容（restCm）的变化值（△Cm）,计算胞吐系数（EI）。结果对照组L-钙通道电流于-20～-30mV达到峰值（-33.2±2.5）pA,实验组电流于-15mV左右达峰值,为（12.2±2.3）pA;L-钙通道特异性阻断剂nifedipine（10μm）可以完全阻断所记录的钙电流。GABA受体阻断剂PTX（100μm）能够明显阻断实验组除极时诱发的外向电流。与对照组比较,实验组的△Cm和EI均明显降低（P〈0.01）。结论 CSNB大鼠双极细胞L-钙通道电生理特征的改变会严重影响其向下级神经元释放神经递质,这可能是导致CSNB发病的机制之一。     

正常C57BL/6J小鼠明视紫外光视网膜电图特征

目的观察小鼠紫外光敏感视锥系统（UV-cone）视网膜电图（ERG）的特点。方法实验研究。成年野生型C57BL/6J小鼠10只（10眼）,随机分成实验组和对照组,每组5只。2组均明适应（背景白光的色温为7000 K,亮度为30 cd·m^-2） 10 min后行ERG检测。实验组记录UV-cone ERG,刺激所用的紫外光波长为363 nm,刺激强度分别为0.03、0.30、1.00、3.00 mW·s·m^-2。对照组记录明视系列白光ERG。2组间最大反应a波、b波振幅的比较采用独立样本t检验。结果实验组紫外光（UV）刺激强度达到0.30 mW·s·m^-2时,ERG开始出现稳定的正向b波,其振幅为（14.8±3.0）μV;随着刺激强度增大,b波上可以记录到明显的振荡电位（前3个子波振幅较大）。而对照组b波上未见明显的振荡电位。实验组ERG最大反应b波振幅明显高于对照组（t=2.615,P＜0.05）,而a波振幅2组间差异无统计学意义（t=-1.633,P＞0.05）。结论正常成年C57BL/6J小鼠明视UV-cone ERG与传统的白光ERG在波形和最大反应幅值上存在一定的差异。     

Changes of Oscillatory Potentials and Photopic Negative Response in Patients with Early Diabetic Retinopathy

Purpose

To investigate the clinical significance of the oscillatory potentials (OPs) and photopic negative response (PhNR) of the electroretinogram (ERG) in patients with early diabetic retinopathy.

Methods

One hundred two diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy at different stages were examined. Thirty-two age-matched normal controls were also studied. Full-field maximal and photopic cone ERGs were recorded. The amplitudes and implicit times of the OPs, cone b wave, and PhNR were compared at the different stages of diabetic retinopathy.

Results

The a and b wave amplitudes of the maximal scotopic ERGs remained unchanged despite advancing stages of retinopathy, but the OP amplitudes were significantly attenuated even at an early stage of diabetic retinopathy. The amplitudes of both the PhNR and cone b wave were reduced at an early stage of diabetic retinopathy. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that the amplitudes and implicit times of the OPs were more sensitive and specific than those of the PhNR in detecting changes of retinal function in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy.

Conclusions

The amplitudes of the OPs and PhNR progressively decrease with the progression of diabetic retinopathy. The PhNR amplitudes were reduced along with the cone b wave, indicating that earlier change of the PhNR in diabetic patients reflects reduced input to the retinal ganglion cell from the distal retina. The amplitudes and implicit times of the OPs are better indicators than those of the PhNR in detecting functional decreases in patients with early diabetic retinopathy.?Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006;50:367–373 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2006     

糖尿病视网膜病变模型鼠品系的选择

背景链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的1型糖尿病大鼠模型是目前公认的经典动物模型,常用于糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的实验研究,但模型的制作多使用无色素大鼠的视网膜血管消化铺片技术,无法用荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）进行活体动态观察,且实验中需要的动物数量较多。近年来有色素大鼠已逐渐用于制作DR模型,但采用活体动物FFA检测比较两种模型的研究较少。目的比较有色索大鼠和无色素大鼠糖尿病模型FFA和视网膜血管消化铺片的表现,选择适合活体监测视网膜血管改变的糖尿病模型大鼠品系。方法选择健康雄性Brown—Norway（BN）大鼠和Sprague—Dawley（SD）大鼠各15只,经尾静脉注射55mg／kg STZ制作1型糖尿病大鼠模型,注射后每周经鼠尾断端采血检测血糖,血糖值≥16．7mmol／L为造模成功。造模6周后选取大鼠右眼为实验眼,用裂隙灯显微镜观察模型鼠的眼前节变化,用眼底照相和FFA检查观察大鼠眼底血管变化,然后制备模型鼠离体视网膜血管消化铺片,过碘酸希夫染色后在光学显微镜下观察模型鼠视网膜血管的病理改变,比较2种不同品系大鼠视网膜血管在同样的病理改变下FFA的表现。结果造模后6周,共纳人造模成功的BN大鼠11只和SD大鼠10只,2种大鼠血糖分别为（24．73±2．98）mmol／L和（22．36±3．65）mmol／L,差异无统计学意义（t=7．873,P〉0．05）。BN大鼠组发生晶状体混浊者6眼,SD大鼠组5眼,差异无统计学意义（P=0．717）。FFA检查显示,BN大鼠组眼底在棕褐色背景下视网膜血管显影清晰,无脉络膜血管背景荧光干扰,9眼可见血管迂曲、荧光素渗漏等背景期糖尿病视网膜血管改变,而SD大鼠组由于脉络膜背景荧光和涡静脉的干扰,视网膜血管显影不清晰,未见背景期糖尿病视网膜血管改变。视网膜血管消化铺片显示,2种不同品系大鼠均被证实有视网膜毛细血管管径变化、周细胞数目的减少及血管内皮细胞数目的增加,BN大鼠组和SD大鼠组视网膜内皮细胞／周细胞（E／P）分别为11．50±3．68和12．86±3．94,差异无统计学意义（t=9．785,P〉0．05）。结论通过活体FFA观察,BN模型大鼠早期糖尿病视网膜血管改变的成像效果优于SD大鼠。