两种重建方式在腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术中的对比研究

目的:探讨功能性单通道袢式间置空肠吻合术与残胃食管吻合术在腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术中临床效果的差异。方法:将2011年1月—2013年11月收治的139例近端胃癌患者随机分为两组,观察组(n=71)行腹腔镜下近端胃癌切除、功能性单通道袢式间置空肠吻合术;对照组(n=68)行腹腔镜下近端胃癌切除、残胃食管吻合术,观察两组患者的临床效果。结果:所有患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹。观察组手术时间长于对照组,术中出血量多于对照组,两组间均存在统计学差异(P0.05);两组间在肠道恢复通气时间方面无统计学差异(P0.05);Visick分级方面,观察组I、II级患者多于对照组,III级患者少于对照组,两组间均有统计学差异(P0.05);两组术后并发症发生率、术后生存率均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下功能性单通道袢式间置空肠吻合术在近端癌根治术中安全、可行,可明显提高患者术后生活质量。     

近端胃大部切除空肠袢间置重建消化道治疗体会

目的探讨贲门及胃体上1/3区域癌(癌直径<4cm)近端胃大部切除术后消化道的重建方式。方法2001~2004年我院对12例贲门及胃体上1/3区域早期癌行近端胃大部切除空肠袢间置消化道重建术。结果12例均获随访,最长3年,最短1年,随访期间摄食、体重,反流、吞咽困难,均较残胃与食管吻合有明显改善。结论在近端胃大部切除术中采用空肠袢间置重建消化道,病人生活质量有明显提高,是一种较理想的重建方式。     

全胃切除消化道重建的探讨

为提高患者全胃切除术后生活质量 ,我科于 1992年1月至 1998年 6月对 5 0例胃底、胃体癌行全胃切除空肠Ｐ袢(单通道消化道重建 )和空肠间置袢式代胃进行对比分析。临床资料1.一般资料 :本组 5 0例 ,按术式分为 2组 ,行全胃切除空肠Ρ袢组 2 5例 ,行空肠间置袢式代胃组 2 5例。空肠间置袢式代胃组平均年龄为 5 6岁 ,平均手术时间 3 2ｈ ,术中出血40 0ｍｌ,术后无吻合口瘘 ,术后进食时间为 7ｄ。2 手术方法 :空肠间置袢式代胃术式 :全胃切除后 ,将空肠距屈氏韧带 2 0～ 40ｃｍ处切断 ,将吻合器经空肠远端置入 ,于 70～ 80ｃｍ处与近端肠管行…     

P形空肠袢代胃术的临床应用

我院外科近年对2例患者施行结肠后食管空肠P—Roux—y吻合、P形空肠袢代胃术,效果满意。此2例均因患十二指肠球部溃疡,行胃大部切除、结肠后胃空肠吻合术,又经数年再发下段食管癌。食管癌切除后,因残胃无法保留,而行此法。方法: 在静脉普鲁卡因复合麻醉下,取左前外侧胸腹联合切口,从第7肋骨床进胸,切除残胃及原胃肠吻合口,保留距屈氏韧带近段空肠8cm,游离远段空肠约50cm);将这段空肠穿过横结肠系膜上提至膈上35cm,与食管断端行端侧吻合,构成P形空肠袢代胃,居于胸腔内,近段空肠与远段空肠于穿过横结肠系膜部位下约5cm地方,行端侧吻合,远段空肠经过膈肌及横结肠系膜处均须固定,防止发生移位或梗阻。     

结肠前胃空肠错误吻合造成的输入输出袢梗阻二例报告

胃大部切除,结肠前胃空肠吻合诸方法,均应将输出袢置于输入袢之前。一旦吻合错误,可造成严重的手术并发症。笔者近10年来见到2例因毕Ⅱ式结肠前错误吻合造成的输入输出袢梗阻患者,现报告并讨论如下。例1.男,35岁。因十二指肠球部溃疡,做胃大部切除结肠前胃空肠吻合(Moynihan氏术式)。术后14小时发生上腹部剧痛,腰痛伴有腰部束带感,呕吐胃内容物无胆汁。腹部检查发现上腹部有包块,压痛明显,血胰淀粉酶600索氏单位。再次手术检查见吻合有误,空肠输出袢错置于输入袢之后,近端输入空肠袢呈逆时针扭转,长度10cm,输入空肠有明显坏死,空肠及十二指肠肠管扩张,胰腺充血水肿,周围及结肠旁,侧腹膜有大片出血点及瘀斑。解除原来压迫肠袢,切除坏死部分肠袢,于结肠前行路氏y型吻     

同时发生的食管胃重复癌的外科治疗

目的探讨同时发生的食管、胃重复癌的外科治疗方法及效果.方法1985年1月至2005年1月收治同时发生的食管、胃重复癌12例,均为男性,平均年龄56.8岁.全组均行手术治疗,成功完成同期食管次全切除并全胃切除,结肠代食管并空肠“P”袢代胃重建消化道10例,食管内翻拔脱并全胃切除,结肠代食管并空肠“P”袢代胃重建消化道1例,手术探查1例.结果全组无围术期死亡.术后颈部吻合口瘘2例,不全肠梗阻1例,均经保守治疗后痊愈;术后腹部切口裂开1例,二期缝合治愈.9例获得随访,1、3、5年生存率分别100%、44.4%、22.2%.结论同期食管次全切除并全胃切除,结肠代食管并空肠“P”袢代胃重建消化道是根治同时发生的食管、胃重复癌安全有效的外科治疗方法.     

两种不同消化道重建方式在近端胃癌切除术中的应用

本研究对根治性近端胃大部切除术后患者使用食管残胃间空肠间置术进行消化道重建,并与近端胃癌全胃切除Roux-en-Y吻合术进行比较,观察两组患者手术时间、手术并发症、术后生活质量及营养状况的变化. 资料与方法 1.一般资料:选择河南省肿瘤医院普外科2010年10月至2012年4月行根治性近侧胃大部切除食管残胃间空肠间置(观察组)32例、全胃切除食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合(对照组)30例的胃癌患者,其中男46例,女16例;年龄(58±10)岁.术后病理检查结果:观察组:Ⅰa期5例,Ⅰb期9例,Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲa期6例;对照组:Ⅰb期3例,Ⅱ期5例,Ⅲa期10例,Ⅲb期12例.     

空肠间置预防返流性食管炎的临床研究

目的 了解近端胃切除或全胃切除后间置空肠的消化道重建术，预防术后返流性食管炎的情况。方法 1995—2000年共收治30例贲门癌患者，对Henley消化道重建术式作了技术改进，将代胃的空肠长度增加至40cm以上，术后行食管胃肠造形，胃镜检查，取组织活检及返流液的pH测定。结果 改良的Henley术式符合正常的生理通道，操作简便易行，并发症少，术后生活质量好。结论 空肠间置术做为贲门癌切除(全胃切除或近端胃切除)消化道重建术式，可有效预防返流性食管炎的发生。     

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近端胃大部切除仅适于T1N0期食管胃结合部腺癌(AEG),近端胃大部切除后食管-残胃吻合是最常用的术式,但是由于破坏了防反流结构,造成残胃内容物反流至食管内导致反流性食管炎。食管-残胃前壁吻合可以在残胃残端形成类似胃底结构,形成HIS角,防反流作用明显。采取食管与胃黏膜单层套入式吻合也可以达到防止反流的效果。管状胃基本保持了胃的解剖结构,具备食物的贮存与消化功能。间置空肠可以有效防止反流,空肠储袋间置增加了残胃容量。双通路加近口端储袋可以延缓食物进入十二指肠的时间。     

食管胃交界部癌不同手术方式的对比研究

目的对比食管胃交界部癌采用不同手术方式治疗的效果,以及术后患者的生活质量,探讨合理的手术方法。方法 2007年7月至2011年10月徐州市第一人民医院收治的食管胃交界部癌患者148例,男111例,女37例,平均年龄64(47～77)岁。根据术前评估和肿瘤外侵情况不同对148例食管胃交界部癌患者分别采用不同的手术方式,并分为3组。A组:81例,行胃近端大部切除、食管胃弓下吻合术;B组:20例,行全胃切除、食管空肠吻合术;C组:47例,行胃近端大部切除、食管残胃间空肠间置术。术后观察3组患者的手术死亡率、术后并发症发生率;术后1年观察复发转移率和病死率,并且用EORTC QLQ问卷表对随访的患者进行问卷调查,进行术后生活质量评价。结果 3组患者术后并发症发生率(P=0.762)和手术死亡率(P=0.650)差异无统计学意义,术后1年3组复发转移率比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.983);术后1年3组患者的生存率均为100%。术后1年A组、C组患者躯体功能(P=0.037,0.000)和总体健康状况评分(P=0.035,0.006)明显高于B组,而A组与C组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B组患者情绪功能评分明显低于C组(P=0.015)。A组、C组患者术后疲劳(P=0.040,0.006)、食欲丧失(P=0.045,0.025)、恶心呕吐症状评分(P=0.033,0.048)明显低于B组;A组疼痛症状评分低于C组(P=0.009),失眠症状评分高于C组(P=0.028);反流症状评分明显高于B组、C组(P=0.025,0.021)。结论食管胃交界部癌行全胃切除患者术后的生活质量较差,而行胃近端大部切除、食管残胃间空肠间置术能明显改善患者术后的生活质量,术后患者生活质量评价可能有助于手术方式的选择。     

Oesophageal and gastric bile exposure after gastroduodenal surgery with Henley's interposition or a Roux-en-Y loop

BACKGROUND: The degree which the various reconstruction techniques prevent bile reflux after gastroduodenal surgery has been poorly studied. METHODS: Bile exposure in the intestinal tract just proximal to the jejunal loop was measured with the Bilitec 2000 device for 24 h after gastroduodenal surgery in three groups of patients. Group 1 comprised 24 patients with a 60-cm Henley's loop after total gastrectomy. Group 2 included 31 patients with a 60-cm Roux-en-Y loop after total (22 patients) or subtotal (nine) gastrectomy. Group 3 contained 21 patients with a 60-cm Roux-en-Y loop anastomosed to the proximal duodenum as part of a duodenal switch operation for pathological transpyloric duodenogastric reflux. Bile exposure, measured as the percentage time with bile absorbance greater than 0.25, was classified as nil, within the range of a control population of healthy subjects, or pathological (above the 95th percentile for the control population). Reflux symptoms were scored and all patients had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. RESULTS: Bile was detected in the intestine proximal to the loop in none of 24 patients in group 1, eight of 31 in group 2 and 12 of 21 in group 3 (P < 0.001). The mean reflux symptom score increased with the degree of bile exposure, and the proportion of patients with oesophagitis or gastritis correlated well with the extent of bile exposure (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A long Henley's loop was more effective in preventing bile reflux than a long Roux-en-Y loop. Bilitec data correlated well with the severity of reflux symptoms and the presence of mucosal lesions.     

Clinical outcome of high segmental gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach

BACKGROUND: Reflux oesophagitis is commonly encountered in the surgical treatment of cancer of the upper third of the stomach. The aim of this study was to describe a novel surgical technique and evaluate the clinical outcome of high segmental gastrectomy for early-stage proximal gastric cancer. METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients with early gastric cancer located in the upper third of the stomach were included, of whom 12 underwent high segmental gastrectomy and 18 underwent proximal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition. The incidence of reflux oesophagitis and nutritional parameters were compared between the two groups at 1 year after operation. RESULTS: One patient had mild reflux symptoms and two had endoscopic evidence of oesophagitis 1 year after high segmental gastrectomy. Half of the patients who had proximal gastrectomy had reflux symptoms of varying severity and 14 had endoscopic evidence of oesophageal changes at 1 year after surgery. There were significant differences between groups in the incidence of reflux symptoms (P = 0.016) and endoscopically detected gastro-oesophagitis (P < 0.001). There were no adverse events in either group, and the survival rate after high segmental gastrectomy appeared favourable. CONCLUSION: Selected patients with early-stage proximal gastric cancer benefit from high segmental gastrectomy in terms of reduced reflex oesophagitis, without jeopardizing curability.     

近端胃癌根治间置空肠术的应用效果观察

目的 探讨全胃切除术与近端胃癌根治间置空肠术对进展期近端胃癌（肿瘤直径＞3cm）患者术后并发症、营养状况和生活质量的影响.方法 回顾性分析2002年1月-2008年12月南方医科大学中西医结合医院收治的近端胃癌患者85例,其中全胃切除术（对照组）40例,近端胃癌根治间置空肠术（试验组）45例,调查术后营养状况、反流性食管炎发病率、术后胆囊结石发病率、5年生存率和术后生活质量.结果 试验组和对照组5年生存率差异无显著统计学意义[55.6％（25/45）vs52.5％（21/40）,P＞0.05].试验组术后反流性食管炎发病率显著低于对照组[11.1％（5/45）vs22.5％（9/40）,P=0.042].试验组术后5年累计胆囊结石发病率显著低于对照组[13.3％（6/45）vs17.5％（7/40）,P=0.038].试验组术后血红蛋白、白蛋白、维生素B12和铁蛋白均显著高于对照组[（142.2±8.6）vs（128.4±8.4）,（41.3±5.8）vs（35.9±3.8）,（271.5±49.7）vs（184.5±24.6）,（220.2±59.7）vs（170.2±27.6）,P值分别为0.036、0.024、0.032、0.026].试验组患者术后饮食情况和劳动情况均显著优于对照组（P值分别为0.042和0.048）.结论 近端胃癌根治间置空肠术不影响进展期近端胃癌（肿瘤直径＞3cm）患者5年生存率,可以降低术后反流性食管炎和胆囊结石发病率,改善术后营养状况和生活质量.     

近端胃癌根治术应用效果观察

【摘要】〓目的〓探讨全胃切除术与近端胃癌根治术对进展期近端胃癌(肿瘤直径>3 cm)患者术后并发症、营养状况和生活质量的影响。方法〓回顾性分析我院2002年1月至2008年12月近端胃癌患者85例,其中全胃切除术40例,近端胃癌根治术45例,调查术后营养状况、反流性食管炎发生率、术后胆囊结石发生率、5年生存率和术后生活质量。两组患者性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、手术时间、住院时间、住院费用、淋巴结清扫数目、术前营养指标和术后并发症均无统计学差异。结果〓全胃切除组和近端胃癌根治组患者中位生存期分别为41个月和46个月,5年生存率分别为52.5%(21/40)和55.6%(25/45),均无显著统计学差异(P>0.05)。全胃切除组和近端胃癌根治组术后反流性食管炎发生率分别为25.0%(10/40)和8.9%(4/45),有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。全胃切除组和近端胃癌根治组患者术后5年累计胆囊结石发生率分别为27.5%(11/40)和8.9%(4/45),有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。近端胃癌根治组术后血红蛋白、白蛋白、维生素B12和铁蛋白均显著高于全胃切除组,有统计学差异(142.2±10.6 vs. 128.4±11.4; 41.3±5.8 vs. 35.9±3.8; 271.5±39.7 vs. 184.5±24.6; 220.2±59.7 vs. 170.2±27.6; P<0.05)。近端胃癌根治组患者术后饮食情况和劳动情况均优于全胃切除组,有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论〓近端胃癌根治术不影响进展期近端胃癌(肿瘤直径>3 cm)患者5年生存率,可以降低术后反流性食管炎和胆囊结石发生率,改善术后营养状况和生活质量。     

两种胃切除术式对进展期近端胃癌预后的影响分析

目的比较全胃切除和近端胃切除对进展期近端胃癌预后的影响。 方法回顾分析2008年1月至2012年3月就诊的172例进展期近端胃癌患者的临床病理资料,按不同的手术方式分为近端胃切除组(83例)和全胃切除组(89例);观察并记录患者手术情况、术后并发症等情况,并对患者出院后生存、肿瘤复发、转移等情况进行为期5年的随访。采用SPSS 24.0统计软件进行数据分析,年龄、手术时间、术中出血量等计量资料采用( ±s)表示,比较采用独立t检验;性别、肿瘤部位等无序二分类资料采用卡方检验,肿瘤大小浸润深度等有序二分类资料采用秩和检验;生存分析采用Kaplan－Meier法,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果全胃切除组患者手术时间、术中出血量较近端胃切除组患者偏高,其余术中及术后情况差异无统计学意义。全胃切除组患者术后胃排空障碍、吻合漏和反流性食管炎的发生率较近端切除组患者显著偏低(P<0.05)。术后1年、3年、5年生存率,近端切除组患者分别为71.1%、45.5%和34.2%明显低于全胃切除组83.1%、67.2%和56.6%;(F＝10.746, P＝0.001)。 结论全胃切除能减少对进展期近端胃癌术后并发症的发生率,并延长患者术后生存时间。     

What is the difference between proximal and total gastrectomy regarding postoperative bile reflux into the oesophagus?

BACKGROUND: Tumours of the oesophagogastric junction and the gastric cardia can be treated either with proximal or with total gastrectomy. Reflux of bile and other duodenal contents into the oesophagus following proximal gastrectomy has generally been considered worse than reflux after total gastrectomy. The aim of the present study was to test this assumption given that there is limited literature regarding objective evaluation of the postoperative duodeno-oesophageal reflux. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We carried out bilirubin monitoring with the ambulatory spectrophotometer Bilitec 2000 in two groups of patients and in one group of healthy volunteers matched in age and sex. The proximal gastrectomy group consisted of 8 patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy and an end-to-side oesophagogastrostomy without pyloric drainage procedure. The total gastrectomy group consisted of 11 patients who underwent total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction with a 50-cm-long jejunal limb. The control group consisted of 8 healthy volunteers. In all cases, an absorption value of 0.14 was used as the threshold for reflux episodes. RESULTS: The median fraction of time that bilirubin absorbance was >0.14 in the proximal versus total gastrectomy group was 47.4 and 13.4%, respectively (p = 0.02). The difference between the two groups was significant in the supine position (p = 0.03), whilst the upright position, meal and postprandial periods were not found to have significant difference. Likewise, no significant difference was found in the number of reflux episodes. The median fraction of time in the proximal gastrectomy group compared with controls was 47.4 versus 3.95% (p < 0.001), whilst in the total gastrectomy group compared with controls, it was 13.4 versus 3.95% (p > 0.05). The number of reflux episodes in the proximal gastrectomy group compared with controls was 74 versus 21 (p = 0.02), whilst in the total gastrectomy group compared with controls, it was 103 versus 21 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction reduces the time of oesophageal exposure to duodenal juices as compared with proximal gastrectomy. This effect seems to be more prominent in the supine position.     

Modified segmental gastrectomy combined with vagotomy for a gastric ulcer near the gastro-esophageal junction

To avoid proximal gastrectomy which destroys the gastroesophageal closing mechanism, modified segmental gastrectomy with vagotomy was performed on 3 patients with gastric ulcers located in the stomach near the gastro-esophageal junction. These were all patients in whom a proximal gastrectomy would usually have been performed. The proximal line of resection did not encroach upon the mucosal rosette being within 1 cm of it following the margin of the ulcer. In each patient, the modified segmental resection of the upper stomach consisted of the surgical removal of a continuous strip of tissue including the ulcer and ulcer-bearing area along the wall followed by an end to end gastro-gastrostomy. In the 10 years following surgery, there have been no signs of reflux esophagitis, stricture, or recurrent ulcers in any of the 3 patients. This modified segmental gastrectomy with vagotomy is therefore recommended for gastric ulcers located near the gastro-esophageal junction.     

Modified segmental gastrectomy combined with vagotomy for a gastric ulcer near the gastro-esophageal junction

To avoid proximal gastrectomy which destroys the gastroesophageal closing mechanism, modified segmental gastrectomy with vagotomy was performed on 3 patients with gastric ulcers located in the stomach near the gastro-esophageal junction. These were all patients in whom a proximal gastrectomy would usually have been performed. The proximal line of resection did not encroach upon the mucosal rosette being within 1 cm of it following the margin of the ulcer. In each patient, the modified segmental resection of the upper stomach consisted of the surgical removal of a continuous strip of tissue including the ulcer and ulcer-bearing area along the wall followed by an end to end gastro-gastrostomy. In the 10 years following surgery, there have been no signs of reflux esophagitis, stricture, or recurrent ulcers in any of the 3 patients. This modified segmental gastrectomy with vagotomy is therefore recommended for gastric ulcers located near the gastro-esophageal junction.     

幽门成形联合十二指肠韧带松解对预防贲门癌术后胃食管返流的影响

目的 评价幽门成形联合十二指肠韧带松解在预防贲门癌术后返流中的临床效果.方法 将22例贲门癌近端胃切除患者术中行幽门成形联合十二指肠韧带松解作为 A组,另选未行幽门成形联合十二指肠韧带松解的18例贲门癌手术患者作为 B组对照,通过术后进行食管24 h pH监测,电子胃镜检查评价抗返流效果.结果 通过比较40例贲门癌近端胃切除手术患者不同术式两组间 24 h pH监测参数显示:24 h酸返流的总的返流次数、长于 5 min的返流次数两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而A组的pH＜4.00 的总时间以及最长返流的时间明显低于B组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).A组返流性食管炎评分明显低于B组(P＜0.05).结论 综合抗返流术式方法简便,临床抗返流效果好.     

Clinical experience of reoperation for anastomotic stricture following proximal gastrectomy for esophageal varices]

A few cases were reported in which second reconstructive operation on gastrointestinal tract for reflux esophagitis following the proximal gastrectomy was performed. But no previous report of the removal of anastomotic region for treating anastomotic stricture due to reflux esophagitis has appeared. Also, there are no reports on second operations to treat anastomotic strictures following proximal gastrectomy for esophageal varices. We report a case in which we obtained favorable results in treating an anastomotic stricture due to reflux esophagitis, which developed following a proximal gastrectomy for esophageal varices, by performing removal of the anastomotic region and resection of the remaining stomach with reconstruction by the Roux-en Y method.