脑梗死和冠心病与血脂及尿酸变化的关系简

目的探讨血脂及尿酸（uricacid,UA）变化与脑梗死和冠心病的关系。方法170例心脑血管病患者,分为脑梗死组（60例）、冠心病组（59例）、脑梗死合并冠心病组（51例）。同期在作者医院体检中心的健康体检者（100例）为对照组。测定各组的总胆固醇（totalcholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（highdensitylipoproteincholesterol,HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（10wdensitylipoproteincholesterol,LDL-C）、UA,并进行差别分析。结果脑梗死组、冠心病组、脑梗死合并冠心病组的TC、TG、LDL-C、UA水平含量均高于对照组（P〈0．01）,HDL-C水平含量均低于对照组（P〈0．01）;脑梗死合并冠心病组的TC、TG、LDL-C、UA水平含量均高于冠心病组、脑梗死组（P〈0．01）,HDL-C水平含量均低于冠心病组、脑梗死组（P〈0．01）;而脑梗死组和冠心病组血脂及尿酸水平无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论血脂及尿酸异常与脑梗死和冠心病的发生、发展密切相关,为防并发症发生治疗中应加强监测。     

帕金森病与血脂水平的临床分析

目的研究帕金森病患者血脂水平的变化,及不同性别、年龄的帕金森患者血脂水平的差异。方法纳入2011年7月-2013年6月在盛京医院神经内科住院及老年门诊就诊的帕金森病患者116例作为观察组,再纳入同时期的健康体检者116名作为对照组。抽取受试者空腹肘静脉血,采用全自动生化分析仪检测受试者血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B的水平。并进一步按年龄、性别进行分层分析。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白及载脂蛋白B的浓度显著降低(P0.05),而高密度脂蛋白和载脂蛋白A水平在两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。分层分析结果显示,与男性帕金森病患者比较,女性帕金森病患者的血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白及载脂蛋白B的浓度显著升高(P0.05);与低年龄组(≤65岁)帕金森病患者比较,高年龄组(65岁)帕金森病患者的血清低密度脂蛋白及载脂蛋白B的浓度显著升高(P0.05)。结论帕金森病患者的血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白及载脂蛋白B水平有所降低,以男性帕金森病患者的血脂水平降低更明显。     

茶多酚对家兔血脂影响的观察研究

目的探讨茶多酚对于高脂血症模型组家兔血脂的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将来自广东省食品药品职业技术学校实验动物中心80只家兔分为四组,即空白对照组、高血脂模型组、0.4%茶多酚治疗治疗组及0.8%茶多酚治疗组,每组各20只,分别给予基础饲料、高脂饲料、高脂饲料＋0.4%茶多酚及高脂饲料＋0.8%茶多酚,比较四组家兔体重、血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等。结果空白对照组、高血脂模型组、0.4%茶多酚组及0.8%茶多酚组家兔实验前体重、血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与实验前比较,实验后高血脂模型组、0.4%茶多酚组及0.8%茶多酚组家兔体重、血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均明显增高（均P〈0.05）,同时0.4%茶多酚组及0.8%茶多酚组体重、血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均明显优于高血脂模型组,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论茶多酚能够有效降低高脂血症模型组家兔血脂水平,具有一定血脂代谢调节作用。     

动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死患者血清胆红素与血脂水平的相关性研究

目的探讨血清胆红素及血脂水平与动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死(ATCI)的关系。方法分析ATCI患者87例及对照组80例的血清胆红素及血脂水平。结果ATCI患者血清总胆红素、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均低于非ATCI患者，总胆固醇、甘油三脂、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于非ATCI患者。相关分析表明，血清胆红素与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关，与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关。结论低水平胆红素及高水平低密度脂蛋白胆固醇对ATCI的发生产生不利影响。     

农村学龄期儿童血脂水平现状调查

目的探讨农村学龄期儿童的血脂水平。方法对933例7-14岁农村儿童采空腹静脉血测定总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。结果男女儿童HDL-C水平均随年龄增长而下降,开始明显下降的年龄组均为11岁,男女儿童TC、LDL-C水平随年龄的变化均不明显,女孩TG水平随年龄的增长而上升,而男孩的TG水平随年龄的变化不明显。有一项或几项血脂异常者共有180人,占19．29％。结论在农村学龄期儿童中存在血脂水平随年龄变化的趋势,血脂异常者所占比例较高,有17．47％的儿童需要进行膳食干预。     

Serum cholesterol and triglyceride measurements in Canadian physicians.

In a study of serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in male physicians, blood was drawn after fasting from 2071 registrants at 17 Canadian medical meetings from 1968 to 1973. Eight regional medical laboratories participated in the study. About two thirds of the samples were analysed in one of two laboratories to diminish method variations. When chylomicronemia, hyperglycemia or extremely high triglyceride values were detected, suggesting nonfasting, the data were discarded. The mean serum cholesterol value for the total study population was 233.9 plus or minus 1.22 mg/dl and the mean serum triglyceride value, 150.5 plus or minus 2.48 mg/dl. The mean values and the prevalence of elevated values (cholesterol larger than or equal to 250 mg/dl; triglyceride larger than or equal to 150 mg/dl) were related to age. Of the total study population 34.7% had elevated cholesterol values and 36.2% had elevated triglyceride values; only the cholesterol value was elevated in 17.5%, only the triglyceride value in 19.6% and both values were elevated in 16.8%. Although this was not a random sampling of Canadian physicians or of Canadian men, our findings of elevated serum lipid values were similar to those in French Canadian civic workers, American executives and Scandinavians, and somewhat higher than those in the Albany, New York and Framingham populations, but distinctly higher than those reported by a recent Nutrition Canada survey.     

A study on dyslipidaemia in subclinical hypothyroidism

Subclinical hypothyroidism is characterised by elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in association with normal free thyroid hormones. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of serum lipid alterations in patients with stable subclinical hypothyroidism in comparison to age- as well as sex-matched euthyroid group and also subgroup analysis between them in regard to age of presentation, sex, antithyroperoxidase (anti TPO) positivity, and TSH value. In this study, 100 patients of SCH were recruited, age ranged 17-68 years, majority (78%) being females, presenting mainly with non-specific symptoms and compared with 52 euthyroid control regarding lipid parameters. Of the subclinical hypothyroidism patients, only 10% had goitre and anti TPO was positive in 52% cases. Serum lipoprotein (a) above the age of 20 years, and total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density liporpotein cholesterol in the age group of 40-50 years were significantly elevated. In addition, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in anti TPO positive cases and serum triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in anti TPO negative patients showed statistically significant higher levels. In males only lipoprotein (a), but in females total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and liproprotein (a)--all were significantly elevated.     

Lipid profile of a French-Canadian population: 1. Association of plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels with age, relative body weight and education

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels were determined in a randomly selected population of 1169 French-Canadian men in the Quebec City area. The mean levels of total plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were 224.0 and 166.5 mg/dL respectively. The mean level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher and the mean level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol lower than those reported in a recent study in English-Canadian men. The mean HDL₂ and HDL₃ levels were lower than those reported in American men. Stratification of plasma triglyceride levels for all age groups showed that mean HDL₂ levels decreased rapidly with moderate rises in triglyceride levels. Less than 9% of the variation in lipid or lipoprotein levels was related to age or relative body weight. Education had no significant effect on the levels.     

丙型肝炎病毒感染者血脂分析及临床意义

目的探讨血脂分析对丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染者的临床意义。方法收集HCV感染者107例,分成HCV携带者、轻度和中度慢性丙型肝炎患者三组,分析血脂水平。结果 HCV感染者血清总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）均较正常对照组低（P〈0.05）,且随肝功能损害加重,降低程度增大。HCV携带者血清甘油三酯（TG）与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但中度和轻度慢性丙型肝炎患者TG含量高于对照组（P〈0.01）。HCV携带者和轻度慢性丙型肝炎患者血清载脂蛋白AI（ApoAI）含量与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但中度慢性丙型肝炎患者ApoAI含量较对照组低（P〈0.01）。HCV感染者血清载脂蛋白B100和脂蛋白（a）含量与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 HCV感染者血清TC降低可能是肝脏储备功能下降所致,TG升高可能与HCV核心蛋白抑制微粒体TG转运蛋白相关。     

北京密云地区职业人群血脂水平调查分析

目的了解密云地区职业人群血脂水平和血脂异常现状,为行为指导和干预提供依据。方法对1 124例健康体检职业人群进行总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)测定并统计分析。结果血脂水平随年龄增长有升高趋势;血脂异常患病率为56.0%,高TG血症占首位(29.2%)。结论各年龄组血脂指标均有不同程度异常,中老年人是血脂异常的高发人群。     

Lipid alterations and decline in the incidence of coronary heart disease in the Helsinki Heart Study

In the Helsinki Heart Study, a randomized five-year, double-blind trial, a 34% reduction in the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) was observed in dyslipidemic men treated with gemfibrozil. Averaged over the five years of the trial, gemfibrozil therapy produced, compared with placebo, mean decreases of 10% in serum total cholesterol level, 14% in non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, 11% in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level, 35% in triglyceride level, and a mean increase of 11% in HDL cholesterol level from baseline levels measured prior to treatment. While changes in HDL cholesterol level were similar in all Fredrickson types, the effect on concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol was largest in type IIA and on LDL minimal in type IV. The reduction of CHD incidence over placebo was largest in type IIB and smallest in type IIA. The lipid changes were dependent on lipid levels prior to treatment and on compliance with the medication regimen. When risk factors for CHD, including age, blood pressure, smoking and drinking habits, baseline lipid levels, and exercise and relative weight, were controlled by applying the Cox proportional hazards model, the changes in serum HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were both statistically significantly associated with the decline in CHD incidence within the gemfibrozil-treated group. The large decrease in serum triglyceride levels had relatively small effect on CHD incidence. Thus, the results of this study, together with earlier observations, suggest that both elevating HDL and lowering LDL cholesterol levels are effective in the primary prevention of CHD.     

2型糖尿病慢性并发症中血脂的变化及其意义

目的:探讨血脂、载脂蛋白与2型糖尿病慢性并发症的关系及其意义. 方法:选择65例2型糖尿病患者为病例组,同期健康体检者57名为对照组,受试者均禁食12 h以上,清晨空腹抽取静脉血,采用全自动生化仪测定血脂及载脂蛋白,并进行相关统计学分析. 结果:2型糖尿病患者血清胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白B及载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白A1水平均显著高于对照组(P<0. 01),而高密度脂蛋白和载脂蛋白A1水平均明显低于对照组(P<0. 01). 结论:2型糖尿病血脂异常明显,早期血脂干预治疗有着非常重要的意义.     

营养性肥胖大鼠模型的建立与血糖、血脂变化

目的: 建立贴近临床的营养性肥胖大鼠模型,观察肥胖大鼠模型的形态与血糖、血脂变化情况。方法: 用高脂饲料喂养成年大鼠80天,观测大鼠体重、体长、Lee's指数及血糖、血脂水平。结果: 应用高脂饲料喂养后,大鼠体重、体长、Lee's指数与对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),大鼠的血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白均明显高于对照组(P<0.01~P<0.001),而高密度脂蛋白明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论: 高脂饲料可以使成年大鼠发生营养性肥胖,肥胖大鼠的血糖、血脂水平与对照组相比差异有统计学意义。     

三清降脂胶囊的降血脂作用及毒性研究

[目的]探讨三清降脂胶囊的降脂作用及急性毒性.[方法]制作大鼠高血脂动物模型,观察三清降脂胶囊的降血脂效果;一次性灌胃给予小鼠14.0 g/kg三清降脂胶囊,观察1周内实验动物的中毒情况及死亡数.[结果]三清降脂胶囊可显著降低大鼠血清总胆固醇及甘油三酯浓度,升高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度,且无急性毒性.[结论]三清降脂胶囊具有降低血脂作用.     

透析患者微炎症状态与血脂代谢及钙磷代谢的相关性

目的 透析患者微炎症状态与血脂代谢及钙、磷代谢的相关性分析, 并探讨其临床意义.方法 尿毒症腹膜透析患者31例 (腹膜透析组:PD组) , 持续血液透析患者31例 (血液透析组:HD组) , 同期健康体检者18例 (对照组) , 采用ELISA法检测各组血清超敏C反应蛋白 (hs-CRP) , 全自动生化分析仪检测血肌酐、尿素氮, 总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素等, 并对结果进行分析.结果 与正常对照组相比, HD组患者及PD组患者的血hs-CRP升高, 差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05) ;总胆固醇、血磷、血甲状旁腺激素及钙磷乘积较正常对照组升高, 差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05) ;甘油三脂及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与正常对照相比差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05) .而HD组患者与PD组患者血脂代谢、钙磷代谢差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05) .PD组患者甘油三脂与hs-CRP具有正相关性 (r=0.36, P<0.05) , 其余血脂及钙磷代谢指标与hs-CRP均无明显相关性 (P>0.05) ;HD组患者血脂代谢及钙磷代谢指标与hs-CRP均无明显相关性 (P>0.05) .结论 长期透析患者存在微炎症状态, 同时伴有血脂代谢紊乱及钙磷代谢异常, 但炎症因子hs-CRP与血脂及钙磷代谢没有显著相关性.     

肥胖儿童脂代谢变化及其与身体指标的相关性研究

检测１０２例６～１５岁单纯肥胖症儿童及７７例同龄健康儿童的血脂及身体指标，以探讨肥胖儿童脂质代谢的变化及其与Ｒｏｈｌｅｒ指数、体质量（体重）指数（ＢＭＩ）的相关关系。发现肥胖儿童较健康儿童胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＶＬＤＬ Ｃ）及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ Ｃ）、动脉硬化指数（ＡＩ）明显增高（Ｐ＜０．００１、０．０１及０．０５），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ Ｃ）及其与ＴＣ之比值明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５及０．００１）。多元逐步回归证实，在排除众多血脂因素之后，肥胖儿童ＴＧ分别与Ｒｏｈｌｅｒ指数及ＢＭＩ呈明显正相关，是影响Ｒｏｈｌｅｒ指数与ＢＭＩ的独立因素。     

Lipids and lipoproteins in patients undergoing coronary-artery surgery

Fasting blood samples were obtained from 290 patients who were undergoing elective coronary-artery graft procedures, and cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were measured. The 1983 National Heart Foundation of Australia's Risk Factor Prevalence Study was used as a source of age- and sex-matched "control" data. Of these patients, 80% had cholesterol levels of greater than 5.5 mmol/L; in 55% of patients, the level exceeded 6.5 mmol/L. Only 4% of patients who received a graft showed hypertriglyceridaemia alone (triglyceride level, greater than 2 mmol/L). Combined hyperlipidaemia (cholesterol level, greater than 5.5 mmol/L and triglyceride level, greater than 2.0 mmol/L) was present in 52% of subjects. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels exceeded 3.5 mmol/L in 69% of men and in 71% of women. In terms of five 10-year age intervals, mean plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels were elevated significantly in patients who had undergone a coronary-artery grafting procedure compared with those of subjects in the National Heart Foundation study. The mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were markedly-lower compared with those of the subjects in the National Heart Foundation study. Of those patients whose plasma cholesterol levels were less than 5.5 mmol/L, 97% of patients had high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels that were less than the mean level for subjects in the National Heart Foundation study. Thus, a very-high proportion of patients who underwent coronary-artery bypass surgery had lipid abnormalities which required intervention postoperatively.     

Plasma lipids and lipoproteins and the prevalence of risk for coronary heart disease in Canadian adults. Canadian Heart Health Surveys Research Group.

OBJECTIVE: To report population reference values for blood lipids, to determine the prevalence of lipid risk factors and to assess their association with other risk factors. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional surveys. Survey participants were interviewed at home and provided a blood sample at a clinic. All blood lipid analyses were done in the Lipid Research Laboratory, University of Toronto. The laboratory is standardized in the National Heart, Lung Blood Institute-Centres for Disease Control Standardization Program. SETTING: Nine Canadian provinces, from 1986 to 1990. PARTICIPANTS: A probability sample of 26,293 men and women aged 18 to 74 was selected from the health insurance registers for each province. Blood samples were obtained from 16,924 participants who had fasted 8 hours or more. OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentration of total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in blood samples from fasting participants. MAIN RESULTS: Of the study population, 46% had total plasma cholesterol levels above 5.2 mmol/L, 15% had LDL-cholesterol levels above 4.1 mmol/L, 15% had triglyceride levels above 2.3 mmol/L and 8% had HDL-cholesterol levels below 0.9 mmol/L. Total plasma cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels rose with age in men to a maximum in the 45-54 age group; in women there was little change with age up to ages 45 to 54, at which time the level of each of these lipids increased appreciably. The age-standardized prevalence of obesity was positively associated with elevation of total plasma cholesterol. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the need for a multifactorial approach in health promotion efforts to lower blood cholesterol levels and reduce other risk factors in the population. A considerable number of adults were found to be at risk at all ages in both sexes. In the short term, men aged 34 and older and women aged 45 and older might benefit most from prevention programs.     

灵武地区成人人群血脂水平研究

目的了解灵武地区成人人群血脂水平现状,为控制血脂水平提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,以问卷调查的形式对灵武地区城镇居民、农民、工人等成人人群进行调查,同时采集血液标本。用酶法检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG),直接法检测高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),并进行血脂异常的统计分析。结果灵武地区成人人群血脂异常检出率以低HDL-C为首位,占31.2%,其次是TC、TG、LDL-C,分别占24.5%、15.1%和4.4%。汉族高于回族,男性高于女性。TC,男性人群城镇显著高于乡村,女性人群乡村显著高于城镇,TG、HDL-C城镇人群高于乡村,男性人群显著高于女性。结论灵武地区成人人群血脂异常检出率随年龄增大而增高,男性显著高于女性,男性较女性存在更高的患心脑血管疾病的危险性。     

血脂水平与缺血性脑卒中认知预后的关系研究

目的　探讨血脂水平与缺血性脑卒中认知预后的关系。方法　对序贯收集的首次发病急性缺血性脑卒中患者做血脂全套分析,用MMSE进行认知功能随访。对发病后三个月MMSE评分与血脂指标进行单因素及多因素分析。结果　认知评分较低组TG、TC、ApoB、LDL-C显著较高。TG、TC、ApoB、LDL-C机遇比分别为4.37（95%CI 0.08～0.64）、3.35(2.25～4.99)、3.95(0.05～1.41)、6.68(0.05～0.45)。多元逐步回归方程：三个月的MMSE评分=37.655-0.075年龄-2.015ApoB-0.930LDL-C-2.014梗塞个数。结论　血脂水平与缺血性脑卒中认知预后密切相关,LDL-C及ApoB是预测缺血性脑卒中认知预后的独立变量。