miR-491-5p参与调节 人膀胱癌细胞系EJ对5-氟尿嘧啶的敏感性

目的探讨miR-491-5p对人膀胱癌细胞系EJ 5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)敏感性的影响及初步机制。方法 RT-qPCR检测miR-491-5p在膀胱癌化疗敏感与耐药组织中表达水平。构建5-FU耐药的EJ/5-FU细胞系,并分别用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测miR-491-5p表达和AKT与STAT3磷酸化水平。将miR-491-5p抑制剂转入细胞系EJ或将miR-491-5p模拟物转入EJ/5-FU细胞,并在5-FU存在的条件下分别用CCK-8法、Annexin V-FITC/PI染色法、划痕法、Transwell小室法和Western blot检测细胞活性、凋亡、伤口愈合、迁移、侵袭和AKT与STAT3磷酸化水平。结果 miR-491-5p在化疗耐药组织和EJ/5-FU细胞系中表达显著降低(P0.01)。下调miR-491-5p表达后,5-FU对细胞系EJ的细胞活性、伤口愈合、迁移和侵袭的抑制作用和凋亡的促进作用均显著减弱(P0.01);上调miR-491-5p表达后,5-FU对EJ/5-FU细胞系的细胞活性、伤口愈合、迁移和侵袭的抑制作用和凋亡的促进作用均显著增加(P0.01)。AKT及STAT3磷酸化水平在EJ/5-FU细胞系中显著升高(P0.01);下调miR-491-5p后,细胞系EJ中AKT及STAT3磷酸化水平显著升高(P0.01);上调miR-491-5p后,EJ/5-FU细胞系中AKT及STAT3磷酸化水平显著降低(P0.01)。结论下调miR-491-5p表达降低细胞系EJ对5-FU的敏感性;上调miR-491-5p表达抑制EJ/5-FU细胞系对5-FU耐药性。miR-491-5p调节细胞系EJ 5-FU耐药性的过程中伴随着AKT及STAT3磷酸化的改变。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定兔血清中5-氟尿嘧啶的浓度

目的应用反相高效液相色谱法测定兔血清中5-氟尿嘧啶的浓度。方法兔血清样品经乙酸乙酯/异丙醇(84/16)萃取后,水浴氮气吹干,流动相定容后进样。色谱柱为kromasil-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为20mM醋酸铵/乙腈(体积比98.2∶1.8,pH8.05),流速0.8mL/min,紫外检测波长为270nm。结果5-氟尿嘧啶在5～80μg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系。10、20、40μg/L三个浓度的批内RSD分别为11.6%、5.6%、5.4%;批间RSD分别为12.8%、2.7%、6.2%;平均回收率分别为106.7±11.7%、98.0±5.3%、99.3±5.3%。结论本方法可靠、重复性好,具有特异性强、灵敏、精密度与准确度高等特点,满足5-氟尿嘧啶药代动力学研究的要求。     

胎肺及肺癌花生凝集素受体的观察

应用生物素化花生凝集素以胎肺及４５例肺癌进行组织化学研究。结果显示：胎肺内支气管上皮顶部胞膜及胞质呈ＰＮＡ阳性。肺鳞癌及肺腺癌ＰＮＡ受体增多，且分布失去极性。本文提出ＰＮＡ受体改变可作为内胚层肿瘤的标志之一，尤其对腺癌有相对特异性。ＰＮＡ受体有胚胎及肺癌均表达可能提示ＰＮＡ是一种癌胚抗原。     

5-氟尿嘧啶联合肝素抑制后发性白内障的临床观察

目的 探讨对人眼行白内障行超声乳化时应用5-氟尿嘧啶联合肝素对其后发性白内障发生的影响.方法 将60只眼随机分为对照组和实验组,在人眼行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入术中,使用浓度为5-Fu0.2mg/ml和肝素20u/ml的BSS作为眼内灌注液.观察术后第1、3、6个月各组晶状体后囊混浊情况并进行评分.结果 术后1个月,对照组有2只眼出现后囊混浊,实验组有1只眼出现后囊混浊,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).术后3个月,对照组有9只眼出现后囊混浊,B组有2只眼出现后囊混浊,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).术后6个月,对照组有12只眼出现后囊混浊,B组有4只眼出现后囊混浊,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).结论 白内障超声乳化术中使用含有5-氟尿嘧啶联合肝素的灌注液可抑制后发障的形成.     

5-氟尿嘧啶缓释剂制备及体外释药性能比较*

背景：5-氟尿嘧啶-聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物缓释微球在青光眼滤过术后抑制滤过泡的瘢痕化具有潜在应用价值,但微球制备程序复杂,微球载药量一般较低,且药物突释现象明显。 目的：比较乳化溶剂挥发法制备的5-氟尿嘧啶-聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物微球和喷雾成膜法制备的5-氟尿嘧啶-聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物缓释膜两种缓释剂的形态、载药量、体外释放规律,以探讨获得缓释效果较佳的5-氟尿嘧啶缓释剂制备方法。 方法：以聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物为载体,采用乳化溶剂挥发法制备5-氟尿嘧啶-聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物微球;用喷雾成膜法制备5-氟尿嘧啶-聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物缓释膜。 结果与结论：用乳化溶剂挥发法制备的微球外观圆整,粒径为(4 447.4±359.8) nm,载药量(8.67±0.37)%,包封率为(86.68± 1.92)%;用喷雾成膜法制备的缓释膜表面光滑平整,质量为(13.76±0.26) mg ,直径为6 mm ,厚度为(0.24±0.005) mm,载药量(23.76±0.37)%,包封率为(95.04±1.36)%。缓释剂制备过程未影响5-氟尿嘧啶的药物性能。微球体外释放突释明显,缓释膜的体外释放平稳持久,释放曲线符合Higuchi方程。结果表明缓释膜制备方法更简单易行,且能明显提高缓释剂的载药量,降低突释现象,同时延长药物的缓释时间。 关键词：聚乳酸-聚乙醇酸;5-氟尿嘧啶;微球;缓释膜;体外释放 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.08.022     

5-氟尿嘧啶诱导人淋巴细胞免疫耐受的作用观察

药物诱导免疫耐受中,用环磷酰胺（ｃｙｃｌｏｐｈｏｓ－ｐｈａｍｉｄｅ,ＣＰ）诱导最具代表性,它是一种选择性杀伤增殖细胞ＤＮＡ的抗细胞有丝分裂药物。将供体小鼠的脾细胞（１０８）注射到受体小鼠体内,２天后将２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ的ＣＰ注射给受体小鼠,就可以成功地...     

5-氟尿嘧啶载自组装水凝胶纳米粒的制备及体外释放

本实验以乙酰化普鲁兰(PA)为基质材料,采用透析法制备新型自组装水凝胶纳米粒,用以增强5-氟尿嘧啶的药物靶向性及药物选择活性,从而达到降低其毒副作用的目的。用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、动态光散射仪(DLS)和场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)对其进行表征。分别测量不同浓度、温度以及储存时间下,PA纳米粒的粒径的变化情况,以研究环境因素的改变对PA纳米粒的粒径及其粒径分布的稳定性影响。使用透析方将5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)物理包封于自组装纳米粒中,并模拟人体环境进行了体外释放研究。结果表明,PA纳米粒在不同环境条件下,粒径基本保持恒定,具有良好的稳定性;PA纳米粒的粒径在100nm左右,具有良好的表面球形度且分布均匀;不同环境条件变化下,粒径基本保持恒定,具有良好的稳定性;在18h内,5-FU释放量达70%左右,具有明显的缓释作用。乙酰化程度越低,5-FU的缓释效果越好,但载药量略有下降。PA纳米粒是非常具有应用前景的新型5-FU药物载体。     

胎肺及肺癌花生凝集素受体的观察

应用生物素化花生凝集素(PNA)对胎肺及45例肺癌进行组织化学研究.结果显示:胎肺内支气管上皮顶部胞膜及胞质呈PNA阳性.肺鳞癌及肺腺癌PNA受体增多,且分布失去极性.本文提示PNA受体改变可作为内胚层肿瘤的标志之一,尤其对腺癌有相对特异性.PNA受体在胚胎及肺癌均表达可能提示PNA是一种癌胚抗原.     

负极性驻极体与5-氟尿嘧啶对大鼠创面愈合的影响

目的:比较不同表面电位的负极性驻极体与5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)对大鼠创面愈合的影响。方法:利用电晕充电技术与药剂学方法制备不同表面电位的负极性驻极体贴剂、5-FU贴剂、-2 000 V驻极体5-FU贴剂,借助等温表面电位测量、光学显微镜等手段,研究负极性驻极体贴剂与-2 000 V驻极体5-FU贴剂外静电场的稳定性以及上述三类贴剂对大鼠创面愈合的影响。结果:不同表面电位负极性驻极体贴剂与-2 000 V驻极体5-FU贴剂的等效表面电位随时间增加,均按指数规律衰减,能够给创面提供较为稳定的外静电场;不同表面电位负极性驻极体贴剂对创面愈合具有促进作用,而且等效表面电位越大,创面愈合越快;5-FU对创面愈合具有抑制作用,而将-2 000 V驻极体与5-FU联用可减轻5-FU对创面愈合的抑制作用。结论:负极性驻极体对创面愈合有促进作用,5-FU能延缓创面愈合,若合理利用两者,可以调控创面愈合和抑制增生性瘢痕生长。     

a维生素B6预防5-氟尿嘧啶导致手足综合征的临床观察

目的：观察维生素B6预防5-氟尿嘧啶所致手足综合征的效果。方法50例病例均经病理学或细胞学确诊的大肠癌、胃癌患者,临床分期为II~IV期。 karnofsky评分为70~100分,应用氟尿嘧啶持续静滴治疗。预防组30例于化疗当天给予维生素B6200mg静脉滴注qd,至化疗结束;对照组20例不用药物预防。结果维生素B6预防治疗组手足综合征发生率为46.70%,且反应轻,无Ⅲ度手足综合征发生;对照组手足综合征发生率为70%,其中I I度手足综合征为10%。预防治疗组手足综合征发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且程度轻。结论维生素B6预防5-氟尿嘧啶导致的手足综合征疗效确定,是较理想的预防治疗方案。     

Cholinesterases and peanut agglutinin binding related to cell proliferation and axonal growth in embryonic chick limbs

Embryonic cholinesterases are assigned important functions during morphogenesis. Here we describe the expression of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase, and the binding of peanut agglutinin, and relate the results to mitotic activity in chick wing and leg buds from embryonic day 4 to embryonic day 9. During early stages, butyrylcholinesterase is elevated in cells under the apical ectodermal ridge and around invading motoraxons, while acetylcholinesterase is found in the chondrogenic core, on motoraxons and along the ectoderm. Peanut agglutinin binds to the apical ectodermal ridge and most prominently to the chondrogenic core. Measurements of thymidine incorporation and enzyme activities were consistent with our histological findings. Butyrylcholinesterase is concentrated near proliferative zones and periods, while acetylcholinesterase is associated with low proliferative activity. At late stages of limb development, acetylcholinesterase is concentrated in muscles and nonexistent within bones, while butyrylcholinesterase shows an inverse pattern. Thus, as in other systems, in limb formation butyrylcholinesterase is a transmitotic marker preceding differentiation, acetylcholinesterase is found on navigating axons, while peanut agglutinin appears in non-invaded regions. These data suggest roles for cholinesterases as positive regulators and peanut-agglutinin-binding proteins as negative regulators of neural differentiation.     

风雨花甘露糖结合凝集素基因克隆与序列分析

单子叶甘露糖结合凝集素具有抑制人类免疫缺陷病毒的活性。风雨花 (Zephyranthes grandiflora)球茎中含有亚基分子量为 12 KD的甘露糖结合凝集素 (ZGA)。运用同源克隆的方法设计简并引物 ,通过 3'和 5 'RACE技术 ,从风雨花总 RNA中克隆了编码此凝集素的全长 c DNA序列 ,其开放阅读框长 4 92 bp,编码 16 4个氨基酸 ,包含信号肽序列、成熟蛋白序列和 C-末端剪切序列的前体蛋白。成熟蛋白由 10 6个氨基酸残基组成 ,分子量为 11.6KD。成熟蛋白在氨基酸水平上与石蒜凝集素、雪花莲凝集素、水仙凝集素和君子兰凝集素分别有 71.8%、81%、81.8%和 84 .5 %的同源性 ;在 Blocks数据库中检索 ZGA蛋白氨基酸序列的结构域 ,发现有 3个凝集素功能结构域 ,并具有 3个典型的甘露糖专一结合位点盒 (QDNY)     

Glycoproteins of the chromaffin-granule matrix: Use of lectin blotting to distinguish several separate classes

The soluble proteins released by hypotonie lysis of highly purified bovine adrenal chromaffin granules were analysed by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by transfer to nitrocellulose and decoration with lectins or specific antibodies. The effects of neuraminidase treatment, and of chemical deglycosylation by trifluoromethanesulphonic acid, were investigated. It was shown that lectins could be used to distinguish the two major series of chromogranins from each other, from dopamine β-hydroxylase and from several minor, unidentified glycoprotein components of the lysate. Antibody decoration revealed a complex series of peptides containing enkephalin sequences, some of which changed their electrophoretic mobility on treatment with trifluoromethanesulphonic acid.     

Paclitaxel or 5-fluorouracil/esophageal stent combinations as a novel approach for the treatment of esophageal cancer

Currently, esophageal cancer is rarely curable, and herein, a paclitaxel or 5-fluorouracil/esophageal stent combination (PTX or 5-FU/stent) was used to provide a new approach to treat this cancer. The PTX or 5-FU/stent was prepared by covering a nitinol stent with a bilayered polymer film that consisted of a layer of 50% PTX or 5-FU and a layer of drug-free backing. These treatment modalities were evaluated in vivo after implantation into the porcine esophagus. The percentages of the drugs that permeated from the backing layer over a period of 95 days were very small (0.61% for 5-FU), and an overwhelming majority of the PTX and the 5-FU was released from the other side of the film. During the follow-up period (120 days), the drug/stent was always maintained in the porcine esophagus, and did not show any obvious systemic or local toxicities. In contrast, this treatment had an effect on the inhibition of tissue proliferation and ulceration. In addition, the drug concentrations were highest in the esophagus compared with in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and blood (81500.0 ± 9475.2 ng/g vs. 3.9 ± 0.3 ng/mL of PTX in the plasma at 13 days). The PTX/stent and the 5-FU/stent have a dual function as both a stent and a local drug delivery device, which provides a potential treatment modality with high efficacy and non systematic toxicity for esophageal cancer.     

阿糖胞苷纳米粒的制备及其释药规律研究

采用乳化聚合法制备阿糖胞苷纳米粒，研究其体内外释药特性。结果表明阿糖胞苷纳米粒体外释药规律符合双指数方程，有明显的缓释作用。在家兔体内的药物动力学过程符合二室模型，与阿糖胞苷注射剂相比，t1／2β和MRT延长，CL降低，表明阿糖胞苷纳米粒可显著延长阿糖胞苷在体内存留时间，具有明显的缓释特征。     

阿司匹林与氟尿嘧啶协同抑制结肠癌细胞生长增殖的机制研究*

 目的：检测阿司匹林与氟尿嘧啶协同抑制结肠癌细胞生长增殖的能力及相关作用机制。方法：将体外培养的结肠癌细胞分为4组：空白对照组、阿司匹林组、氟尿嘧啶组和阿司匹林+氟尿嘧啶组,采用MTT法检测阿司匹林和氟尿嘧啶抑制结肠癌细胞增殖的效果,采用Hoechst 33258染色、caspase活性检测和流式细胞术检测研究药物诱发凋亡的作用及机制,采用real-time PCR和Western blotting方法检测药物对凋亡相关蛋白表达的调控作用。结果：氟尿嘧啶有效抑制HCT116和SW620结肠癌细胞增殖,且低浓度阿司匹林具有协同抑制的效果。氟尿嘧啶诱发HCT116细胞核出现明显的凋亡形态,caspase酶活性增高及sub-G1期比例增加。阿司匹林协同作用明显提高HCT116细胞凋亡的比例和caspase酶活性。此外,低浓度阿司匹林可以显著增强氟尿嘧啶抑制Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达的效果。结论：阿司匹林和氟尿嘧啶具有协同抑制结肠癌细胞生长增殖的效果,且主要通过诱发细胞凋亡发挥作用。     

急性心肌梗塞患者血小板聚集性改变及药物的影响

急性心肌梗塞患者肾上腺素诱导血小板聚集性降低,与病情有一定关系,一般两周内恢复;5-羟色胺诱导聚集阳性率及不解聚率均明显高于正常对照组;每日口服100mg阿斯匹林明显抑制5-羟色胺及肾上腺素诱导聚集,但不能完全抑制尿激酶引起的血小板聚集增加;蝮蛇抗栓酶对5-羟色胺诱导聚集有明显抑制作用。     

Lectin binding to glycoproteins in the surface membrane of Schistosoma mansoni

A number of lectins were assessed for their ability to bind to glycoproteins in the surface membrane of Schistosoma mansoni. The membrane polypeptides were separated by SDS-PAGE and the glycoproteins visualised by incubating the gel with radio-iodinated lectin followed by autoradiography. Most of the individual lectins bound to a variety of glycoproteins but peanut agglutinin and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin bound preferentially to a single glycoprotein of apparent molecular weight 170 000. This glycoprotein was subsequently shown to be exposed at the surface of the parasite and localised at the tubercles.     

延髓中缝核5-羟色胺对清醒大鼠胃运动的影响

本工作采用应力传感器记录胃窦的运动,观察向清醒大鼠延髓中缝核注射1微升生理盐水中含6.25μg、12.5μg和25μg三种不同剂量的5-羟色胺(5HT)以及腹腔注射对氯苯丙氨酸(pCPA)或延髓中缝核注射5,6-双羟色胺(5,6DHT)以减少内源性5HT对胃运动的影响。实验结果表明:6.25μg 5HT有兴奋胃窦运动的趋势,12.5μg和25μg 5HT使胃窦收缩活动加强。将上述三种剂量的5HT注入外周静脉均不影响胃的运动。腹腔注射pCPA后第四天和延髓中缝核注射5,6DHT后第五天,抑制大鼠胃运动。此时,颈髓、延髓、中桥脑、间脑5HT含量均明显下降。提示延髓中缝核5HT参与胃运动的中枢性调节。