探讨新鲜冰冻血浆融化后不同放置时间凝血因子的变化

目的探讨新鲜冰冻血浆融化后24h内凝血因子的变化,为指导临床治疗提供理论依据。方法采用SYSMEX CA-1500型自动血凝分析仪,对20份血浆样品分别于融化后0,6、12、24h,测定凝血酶原时间（PI＇）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、纤维蛋白（FIB）、凝血酶时间（TT）、凝血因子Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ（FⅦ、FⅧ、FIX）活性水平。结果新鲜血浆融化后24h之内无明显改变的为PT、FIB、TT（P〉0．05）;其他指标在不同时间段各有明显的改变,同时显示FⅧ半衰期为12～24h。结论新鲜冰冻血浆融化后放置会有凝血因子活性衰减,为保证输血质量,应尽可能融化后立即输注。     

新鲜冰冻血浆融化后凝血因子的动态指标

目的观察新鲜冰冻血浆融化后放置室温12h内凝血因子的动态指标,为临床提高疗效提供理论依据。方法随机取贮存半年内的新鲜冰冻血浆20份,融化后分别在0、3、6、9、12h时,检测凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、凝血因子（FⅦ、FⅧ、FⅨ）活性水平。结果新鲜冰冻血浆融化后PT、FIB、TT放置室温12h内无明显变化（P〉0．05）,APTT、FⅦ、FⅧ、FⅨ活性水平随着放置时间的延长而明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论新鲜冰冻血浆融化后随着放置室温时间的延长,凝血因子活性水平降低,为确保新鲜冰冻血浆质量,提高临床疗效,应尽可能融化后立即输注。     

新鲜冰冻血浆融化后4℃冰箱放置不同时间凝血因子、离子、PH值的变化观察

血浆是血液成分中的一种副产品，有新鲜和普通之分。新鲜冰冻血浆是血液采集后6小时内分离制备出来，迅速放置-56℃冰箱快速冰冻成块。其后放置-30℃冰箱保存，保存期为1年；有文献报道这样保存的血浆几乎含有全部的凝血因子，包括不稳定因子FV和FVⅢ，而普通血浆则不含其不稳定的凝血因子，可保存5年。新鲜冰冻血浆可应用于凝血因子缺乏，肝功能衰竭，大量输血，弥漫性血管凝血等疾病。     

新鲜冰冻血浆凝血因子F Ⅷ浓度变化的实验研究

目的探讨新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP)在速冻前即新鲜液体血浆(FLP)及融化后在4℃存放24 h过程中凝血因子Ⅷ(FⅧ)的活性变化,为指导临床治疗提供参考依据。方法随机抽取梧州市中心血站的FLP 20份;分别留样并立即检测FⅧ,其余的放入-50℃速冻,将制备好的FFP在37℃水浴中融化后,立即在超净工作室内严格按照无菌技术要求抽取2 mL于试管内,随即进行FⅧ活性检测即为0时值,然后把血浆放入4℃冰箱,在不同时间(4、8、12、24 h)融化后分别进行检测。结果在FFP的冰冻和融化过程中FⅧ差异有统计学意义,其活性大约损失了15%左右。在融化后放置会有凝血因子活性衰减有显著性差异。结论严格按照标准操作以防FⅧ在新鲜冰冻血浆的制作和融化过程中过多损失;其融化后放置也会有FⅧ活性的衰减,为保证输血质量,尽可能融化后立即输注。     

新鲜冰冻血浆凝血因子Ⅷ监测结果分析

新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ是血友病患者缺乏的一种因子,对这种患者的止血,凝血因子Ⅷ具有不可替代的作用.凝血因子Ⅷ受冷冻时间和温度影响而使其活性改变[1],监测新鲜冰冻血浆中不稳定凝血因子Ⅷ的含量,提高本站新鲜冰冻血浆中不稳定凝血因子Ⅷ质量,使之符合国家要求.作者对本站133袋新鲜冰冻血浆凝血因子Ⅷ含量的监测情况报道如下.     

去白细胞输血器对新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子的影响

目的　探讨经白细胞过滤器过滤后的新鲜冰冻血浆 ( fresh frozen plasma,FFP)中凝血因子的生物活性变化。方法　随机抽取 A型、B型、O型、AB型新鲜冰冻血浆各 1 0 0 ml× 5袋 ,3 7℃水浴融化 ,在净化台内留取滤过前后血浆样本各 1 ml,使用德国 BE全自动血凝仪测定活化部分凝血酶时间 ( APTT)、凝血酶原时间 ( PT)、凝血酶时间 ( TT)、纤维蛋白原( Fbg)、凝血因子 ( F ∶C)、凝血因子 ( F ∶C)、凝血因子 ( F C)∶水平。结果　过滤前后的新鲜冰冻血浆 APTT、PT、TT、F ∶ C、F ∶ C、Fbg水平的差异均无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5 )。 F ∶ C过滤前后的差异有显著性 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,但仍在参考值范围内。结论　过滤前后新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子的活性差异变化在参考值范围内 ,适用于临床治疗     

新鲜冰冻血浆融解温度对凝血因子及蛋白影响的探讨

目的探讨新鲜冰冻血浆（FFP）在37℃、42℃、45℃不同水浴温度下完全融解后纤维蛋白原（FIB）、凝血因子Ⅷ活性（FⅧ：C）和总蛋白（TP）的含量变化,找出最佳融解温度及方法。方法随机抽取30人份新鲜冰冻血浆分为3组,分别在37℃、42℃、45℃水浴中融解,测定血浆FIB、FⅧ：C、TP含量。结果随着水浴融解温度升高凝血因子活性有下降趋势,当温度升至45℃时FⅧ：C活性明显降低（P〈0.05）,FIB、TP含量无显著性变化（P〉0.05）。结论 37℃水浴中融解是最佳温度及方法。     

白细胞过滤对新鲜冰冻血浆凝血因子及血浆蛋白的影响研究

目的探讨白细胞过滤对新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP)凝血因子及血浆蛋白的影响,进一步证实白细胞过滤血浆的应用价值.方法采用Sysmex CA-1500自动血凝分析仪及Hitachi 7170生化分析仪测定20份FFP白细胞过滤前后PT、APTT、Fib、TT、FⅦ:C、FⅧ:C、FⅨ:C及TP、Alb.结果过滤后PT、INR、APTT、TT、FⅧ:C、FⅨ:C、FⅦ有明显改变(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),Fib、TP、Alb无明显改变(P＞0.05).结论白细胞过滤可使部分凝血因子活性降低,但仍保持正常水平以上,可以满足临床治疗的需要.     

新鲜冰冻血浆的融化与微波炉的应用

<正> 随着新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP)用量的日益增加,迫切需要改进其融化方法,以求快速、安全,不引起血浆蛋白变性,不损害凝血因子活性。现在主要有两种方法:水浴(Waterbath,WB)法和微波炉(Microwave oven,MWO)法,综述如下。一、水浴融化法有37℃、45℃和56℃等3种。 (一) 37℃水浴     

不同制备方法对新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ活性含量的影响

目的 探讨一次成浆与二次成浆法对制备出来的血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ活性含量的影响.方法 对新鲜采集的全血离心分离血浆并在8 h内冻结成块,然后在37℃水浴中复溶后测定两种方法制备的新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ的含量.结果 一次成浆法制备的新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ的含量为0.70±0.16 IU/ml,二次成浆法制备的新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ的含量为0.84±0.16 IU/ml.结论 两种方法制备的新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ的含量差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),二次成浆法比一次成浆法制备出来的新鲜冰冻血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ的活性含量要高,值得推广使用.     

Stability of factors V and VIII in thawed fresh frozen plasma units

Factors V and VIII, commonly regarded as unstable in unfrozen plasma, were assayed at various intervals up to 24 hours using plasma from 20 thawed fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units. Comparisons were made between units stored at 4 and 25 C. The mean factor V value did not significantly change during the postthaw test period. Mean factor VIII activity prior to freezing was 121 per cent, dropped to 89 per cent four hours after thawing, and gradually decreased to 67 per cent at 24 hours. There was no difference between those units stored at 4 C and those stored at 25 C after thawing; therefore, refrigeration does not appear necessary for factor V or VIII stability up to 24 hours after thawing.     

Plasmapheresis of the patient as a method for achieving effective levels of plasma coagulation factors using fresh frozen plasma

Levels of clotting factors compatible with normal hemostasis can be achieved in the plasma of patients with severe congenital deficiencies by transfusion of large amounts of fresh frozen plasma after prior reduction of the plasma volume of the patient by plasmapheresis. The procedure is a potential source of serious complications; close observation of the patient and observance of recommended precautions are necessary. The technic should be useful in emergency situations when AHF concentrates are not available and routine plasma transfusions are inadequate.     

Study of coagulation factor activities in apheresed thawed fresh frozen plasma at 1-6 degrees C for five days

The concern for the loss of activities of coagulation factors in thawed fresh frozen plasma kept at 1-6 degrees C for long periods has prevented transfusion services from using thawed plasma beyond 24 hours of storage. There is no mention of the method of collection of the plasma and/or the study of the bacterial growth in the studies reported in the literature. The present project was undertaken to investigate coagulation factor activities and bacterial growth in apheresed fresh plasma. Twenty apheresed plasma units from different blood groups were used. After the 24-hour expiration time of the thawed plasma kept at 1-6 degrees C, aliquots were taken at day 1, day 3, and day 5 of expiration time and were immediately frozen at -70 degrees C. Samples were assayed for activities of coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, X, XI, and fibrinogen (Fib). Our study reveals no statistically significant change in activities of coagulation factors II, VII, X, XI, and fibrinogen from day 1 to day 5 storage of plasma at 1-6 degrees C; however, there is a mean decrease of 8.8 and 14.3% in activities of factors V and VIII, respectively. All culture samples taken on day 5 storage were negative at 7 days. In conclusion, our results do not show a significant change in the activity of most coagulation factors in the thawed apheresis plasma stored at 1-6 degrees C over a 5-day period. Hence, it is feasible to transfuse the plasma beyond the 24-hour period without compromising the clinical outcome of patients with coagulopathy.     

1年保存期内病毒灭活新鲜血浆中凝血因子的质量调查

目的 探讨亚甲蓝光化学法(MB-P)灭活处理新鲜血浆后对1年保存期内部分凝血因子活性的影响.方法 随机抽取30(人)份全血(400 ml/份),按照标准操作规程将每份制备成新鲜血浆和病毒灭活新鲜血浆(100ml/份),分成未灭活组和灭活组,分别检测保存0(制备期＜1个月检测)、6、8、10、12个月后的2组各自的FⅡ∶C、FⅤ:C、FⅦ∶C、FⅧ∶C、FⅨ∶C、FⅩ:C及Fg含量变化.结果 与未灭活组相比,灭活组除FⅦ∶C含量无明显变化外,其他6种凝血因子含量在保存期内均明显下降(尤其FⅧ∶C和Fg下降最为明显);0、6、8、10、12个月保存时间的FⅧ∶C含量(％)分别为灭活前58.7±20.1、59.6±34.0、52.0±35.3、57.5±34.7、54.1±31.2和灭活后45.8±13.9、49.3±23.5、44.6±21.7、49.7±22.9、43.9±20.7(均为P＜0.05),Fg含量(mg/dl)分别为灭活前225.3±72.3、277.9±64.2、272.3±74.9、262.6±70.8、287.55±83.0)和灭活后188.8±54.7、205.8±54.0、205.8±54.0、220.2±66.7、202.2±56.8(均为P＜0.05).保存0和12个月相比,FⅩ:C含量(％)分别为93.0±30.5 vs 83.1±18.0(P ＜0.05).结论 新鲜血浆经MB-P病毒灭活处理后,1年冰冻保存期内起7种凝血因子含量相对稳定;MBP对凝血因子活性造成了一定损伤(尤其是Fg和FⅧ:C),但除FⅧ∶C外,其他凝血因子含量在可接受的范围内.     

Composition of fresh frozen plasma

We analyzed 35 samples of fresh frozen plasma (FFP), finding mean concentrations of 535 mg/dl glucose, 172 mEq/L sodium, 73 mEq/L chloride, 3.5 mEq/L potassium, 15 mEq/L bicarbonate, and 5.5 g/dl protein with 60% albumin. Thus, FFP is a hyperosmolal, hyperglycemic, hypernatremic, and hypochloremic solution which may be a less effective volume expander than other albumin-containing solutions, due to its lower albumin content.     

亚甲兰光化学法对FFP中凝血因子及总蛋白含量的影响

目的探讨亚甲蓝光化学法(MB-P)对新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP)中Fg、FⅡ∶C、FⅤ∶C、FⅧ∶C、FⅩ∶C、FⅫ∶C及总蛋白含量的影响,为制定病毒灭活血浆标准及其临床应用提供数据参考。方法随机抽取88份FFP分成灭活组(n=40)及过滤组(n=48),分别对2组样本处理前后的FⅡ∶C、FⅤ∶C、FⅧ∶C、FⅩ∶C、FⅫ∶C、Fg及总蛋白含量进行检测。结果灭活组FⅤ∶C、FⅧ∶C处理后含量显著低于灭活前(分别为t=3.40,P<0.01;t=2.57,P<0.01),但Fg、FⅡ∶C、FⅩ∶C、FⅫ∶C及总蛋白灭活前后的含量无明显差异(P>0.05),过滤组处理前后FⅤ∶C、FⅧ∶C无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 MB-P对FFP中不稳定的凝血因子FⅤ∶C和FⅧ∶C含量有明显影响,均在可接受的范围内,对其他凝血因子及总蛋白的含量无影响。     

Optimal use of fresh frozen plasma

Fresh frozen plasma contains a number of therapeutically useful substances, most notably coagulation factors. As with any transfusion, there are risks associated with plasma transfusion. Ironically, the risk of viral transmission (human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis), although widely publicized, is extremely small. On the other hand, less well-known, noninfectious complications are common. Indeed, these noninfectious complications are the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality following transfusion. Although certain patients undeniably benefit from plasma transfusion, the benefit for many patients is less clear. This review will discuss indications for plasma transfusion, the associated risks, and special considerations for plasma administration.     

Refreezing previously thawed fresh-frozen plasma. Stability of coagulation factors V and VIII:C

With the growth in autologous blood programs and the increased scrutiny of the indications for transfusion of fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), an increase has been seen in the number of occasions on which FFP was requested and thawed but then not transfused. The coagulation properties of FFP units that were refrozen and then rethawed were therefore studied. Fifty-eight units of plasma were studied, with each experimental unit of FFP paired with an identical control unit. Experimental units were frozen, stored at -65 degrees C, thawed, stored at 1 to 6 degrees C for various periods of time up to 24 hours, and then refrozen, stored at -65 degrees C, rethawed, and stored again in the refrigerator for up to 24 hours. Control units were frozen once at the time the experimental units were first frozen and thawed once at the time of the second thaw of the experimental units. Aliquots of plasma were sampled periodically and were later batch-tested for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and factor V and VIII:C activity. The results of coagulation testing of the twice-frozen plasmas were always within the normal range. There was a slight but statistically valid prolongation of the PT and aPTT and a decrease in the factor V and VIII:C levels for twice-frozen plasma compared with control plasma. The greatest decline occurred in the level of factor VIII:C. The measured deterioration in coagulation of twice-frozen FFP is unlikely to be of clinical importance. Refreezing FFP may eventually prove useful for rare donor, autologous, and massive transfusion programs.