吸入白细胞介素-5对支气管哮喘患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞数的影响

目的：探讨白细胞介素－５（ＩＬ－５）在支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用。方法：随机选择８例哮喘患者雾化吸入人重组ＩＬ－５，并分别于吸入前、吸入后２、２４和４８ｈ进行外周血有核细胞计数和分类。结果：吸入ＩＬ－５后嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）占细胞总数的百分比、ＥＯＳ绝对细胞数随时间而明显升高，至２４ｈ时达最高值，４８ｈ后仍维持在较高水平。结论：吸入ＩＬ－５可以促使循环中ＥＯＳ数明显增多从而参与哮喘的发病过程     

吸入白细胞介素—5对哮喘患者血清可溶性粘附分子—1水平的影响

目的：观察白细胞介素－５（ＩＬ－５）经雾化吸入后对过敏性哮喘患者和正常人血清中可溶性粘附分子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）水平变化的影响。方法：于ＩＬ－５吸入前、吸入后２、２４、４８及７２ｈ分别收集８例哮喘患者和６名正常对照者的血清，并以酶联免疫吸附法测定其ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平。结果：ＩＬ－５对正常人血清中的ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平均无影响。哮喘患者吸入ＩＬ－５后２ｈ ｓＩＣＡＭ－１即明显增高，４８ｈ后达最大值，     

吸入白细胞介素—5对支气管哮喘患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞数 …

目的 探讨白细胞介素－５（ＩＬ－５）在支气和喘发病机制中的作用。方法 随机选择８例哮喘患者雾化吸入人重组ＩＬ－２，并分别于吸入前、吸入后２，２４和４８ｈ进行外周血有核细胞计数和分类，并以放射免疫法测定血清中嗜酸阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）及总ＩｇＥ水平。结果 吸入ＩＬ－５后嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）占细胞总数的百分比、ＥＯＳ绝对细胞数以及ＥＣＰ水平均随时间而明显升高，至２４ｈ达最高值，４８ｈ后仍维持在较高水平     

吸入白细胞介素—5对哮喘患者外周血嗜酸阳离子蛋白水平的影响

目的：探讨白细胞介素－５（ＩＬ－５）在支气管哮喘发病机理中的应用。方法：选择８例哮喘患者雾化吸入人重组ＩＬ－５，并分别于吸入前、吸入后２、２４和４８ｈ采集静脉分离血清，并以放射免疫法测定血清中嗜酸阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）水平。结果：与吸入ＩＬ－５前基础值［（６．３±１．１）μｇ／Ｌ］相比较，吸入ＩＬ－５后ＥＣＰ水平均随时间而明显升高，至２４ｈ达最高值（１７．６±２．８）μｇ／Ｌ，（Ｐ〈０．０１），（Ｐ     

吸入白细胞介素-5对哮喘患者痰液可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1水平的影响

目的：观察白细胞介素－５（ＩＬ－５）经雾化吸入后对过敏性哮喘患者和正常人痰液和血清中可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）水平变化的影响,探讨气道ｓＩＣＡＭ－１的来源。方法：于ＩＬ－５吸入前、吸入后２ｈ、４８ｈ及７２ｈ分别收集８例哮喘患者和６名正常对照者的痰液和血清,并以酶联免疫吸附法测定其中ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平。结果：吸入ＩＬ－５后２４ｈ痰液和血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１即明显高于吸入前的基础值;４８ｈ后ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平达最高值,而这种高水平的ｓＩＣＡＭ－１至少可以维持７２ｈ。对于正常人而言,即使给予ＩＬ－５刺激亦不能引起其痰液和血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平出现任何变化。此外,哮喘患者吸入ＩＬ－５后实际增加的ｓＩＣＡＭ－１远远高于其预计增加值。结论：ＩＬ－５可以明显提高哮喘患者而不是正常人的ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平;ＩＬ－５导致哮喘气道炎症和气道高反应性的一个机制很可能是通过ｓＩＣＡＭ－１而实现的。ＩＬ－５引起痰ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平增高不可能仅仅是由于血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１渗漏到气道的缘故,而更大的可能性是ＩＬ－５刺激气道局部产生ｓＩＣＡＭ－１。     

吸入白细胞介素-5对哮喘患者气道反应性的影响

为了探讨白细胞介素（ＩＬ）－５在气道高反应性和气道炎症过程的作用，我们观察了８例过敏性哮喘患者吸入人重组ＩＬ－５前后气道对乙酰甲胆碱的反应性（以ＰＣ２０－Ｍｃｈ表示）及痰液中各种炎症细胞数的变化。结果发现，患者吸入对照溶液（生理盐水或含０．４ｎｇ内毒...     

白细胞介素—5趋化嗜酸性粒细胞浸润呼吸道

目的：为研究白细胞介素－５（ＩＬ－５）是否对嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）浸润支气管哮喘患者气道具有直接的趋化和激活作用。方法：将人重组ＩＬ－５经纤维支气管镜直接注入哮喘患者（８例）右中叶或左舌叶的肺段支气管，而将生理盐水注入对侧肺段支气管作为对照。２４ｈ后复经纤支镜于相应的肺段支气管收集支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）及支气管粘膜组织。然后计数ＢＡＬＦ中的ＥＯＳ数并测定其中嗜酸阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）水平，以免疫组织学技术显示粘膜组织中总ＥＯＳ（ＢＭＫ－１３＋）细胞及活化ＥＯＳ（ＥＧ２＋细胞）的浸润情况。结果：ＩＬ－５组ＢＡＬＦ中ＥＯＳ和ＥＣＰ水平显著高于对照组。而且，ＩＬ－５组ＢＭＫ１３＋和ＥＧ２＋细胞数也明显高于对照组。结论：ＩＬ－５不但可以趋化ＥＯＳ浸润到哮喘患者的气道，还可促使其活化。提示ＩＬ－５在哮喘气道的炎症过程中发挥极其重要的作用。     

支气管哮喘患者血清IL-5的测定及其意义

目的：探讨血清白细胞介素（ＩＬ）－５在支气管哮喘发病中的作用。方法：分别收集急性发作期和缓解期哮喘患者及正常对照者血清，以ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别测定其中ＩＬ－５和可溶性ＩＬ－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平，并分析它们之间的关系。结果：急性发作期及缓解期哮喘患者血清ＩＬ－５和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于正常对照组；发作期ＩＬ－５水平明显高于缓解期患者。此外，ＩＬ－５与ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ具有显著的正相关关系。结论：ＩＬ－５参与了哮喘急性发作过程，并可能与哮喘气道慢性炎症的持续存在有关，而其来源可能是活化的淋巴细胞     

腹腔感染时血浆IL—8变化实验与临床研究

观察腹腔感染患者及动物模型的血ＩＬ－８变化，结果显示，感染动物组术后３ｈ开始ＩＬ－８明显升高于２４ｈ达高峰，同时体温升高，白细胞数及中性粒细胞比例明显上升，感染患组术前及术后１天ＩＬ－８含量增高，术后５天下降，但都明显高于对照组。     

糖皮质激素吸入对哮喘患者肺泡巨噬细胞释放白细胞介素-10的影响

目的 观察哮喘患者吸入糖皮质激素前后肺泡巨噬细胞释放白细胞介素－１０（ＩＬ－１０）的能力。方法 对８例健康 和１０例哮喘患者吸入激素治疗前后进行支气管肺泡灌洗（ＢＡＬ）获取ＡＭ,经脂多糖刺激培养后取上清液用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法测量ＩＬ－１０含量。结果 哮喘病人吸入治疗前ＩＬ－１０水平明显低于健康对照组,而治疗后则明显上升。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.