共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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长春花含有100多种吲哚类生物碱,具有抗肿瘤、降血压等多种生物活性,有较高的药用价值,但是含量偏低。长春花组织培养可从提高繁殖系数、调控次生代谢产物的累积等来提高长春花生物碱类成分含量。本文就外植体和培养基的选择、药用成分累积的影响因素、悬浮细胞培养应用、影响毛状根因素和基因工程技术应用等方面,综述了长春花组织培养的主要研究进展,为进一步开发利用长春花药物资源提供参考。 相似文献
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[摘要]长春花生物碱作为一类抗有丝分裂药物,能够抑制微管聚合并诱导聚合的微管蛋白解聚。目前主要从两方面对长春碱类药物进行结构修饰:一是依据长春花生物碱类药物的构效关系,对其活性中心进行修饰,合成一系列长春碱类衍生物,以期寻找到具有更高药理活性、更低毒性和更广抗肿瘤谱的长春花生物碱类药物;二是在保证药理活性的前提下,在一些非活性位点引入靶向基团(特异性寡肽、单克隆抗体及叶酸等),合成一系列长春花生物碱类衍生物靶向前药,以期降低长春碱类药物的毒副作用,提高其治疗指数。文中综述了长春花生物碱类衍生物和长春花生物碱类药物靶向前药的研究进展。 相似文献
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中药苦参 (SophoraflavescensAit)为豆科槐属植物 ,药用其根 ,具有清热解毒 ,怯风燥湿 ,去虫止痒的功效 ,其主要成分为苦参碱 (matrine)、氧化苦参碱 (oxyma trine)等多种生物碱〔1〕和苦参醇 (kurarinol)、苦参丁醇(kuraridinol)等多种黄酮类成分。临床研究证实 ,苦参含有的多种化学成分分别具有不同的化学活性〔2 ,3〕。其中 ,苦参类生物碱更是具有广泛生理活性的一类重要化学成分 ,临床研究证实苦参类生物碱具有抗肿瘤〔4〕的作用 ,并能明显诱导人早幼粒白血病细胞 (HL 60 )… 相似文献
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异喹啉类生物碱的生理活性及研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
异喹啉类生物碱是生物碱类成分的重要组成部分,该类生物碱数量多(目前发现有1000多种),结构类型复杂,药用价值大,具有多方面的生理活性. 相似文献
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《国外医学(药学分册)》1979,(4)
草本蔓长春花营养器官的解剖构造与生物碱的定位草本蔓长春花(Vinca herbacea W.et K.)为夹竹桃科多年生的草本植物。它含有利血平等多种吲哚类生物碱。它的地上部分可作为治疗高血压病的药物长春花胺(Vincamine)的原料。由于有关其生药解剖资料的文献很不完全,对其各组织中生物碱综合定位的资料更为缺乏,因此,本文就这些方面进行了研究。实验所用的标本系在开花期分别采集野生及栽培品种的根、根茎、茎与叶,经干燥、固定后用冰冻切片机切片。并用一般生物碱沉淀剂于荧光显微镜下观察,进行生物碱的定位。 相似文献
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The Catharanthus alkaloids: pharmacognosy and biotechnology 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
van Der Heijden R Jacobs DI Snoeijer W Hallard D Verpoorte R 《Current medicinal chemistry》2004,11(5):607-628
The Catharanthus (or Vinca) alkaloids comprise a group of about 130 terpenoid indole alkaloids. Vinblastine is now marketed for more than 40 years as an anticancer drug and became a true lead compound for drug development. Due to the pharmaceutical importance and the low content in the plant of vinblastine and the related alkaloid vincristine, Catharanthus roseus became one of the best-studied medicinal plants. Consequently it developed as a model system for biotechnological studies on plant secondary metabolism. The aim of this review is to acquaint a broader audience with the recent progress in this research and with its exciting perspectives. The pharmacognostical aspects of the Catharanthus alkaloids cover botanical (including some historical), phytochemical and analytical data. An up-to-date view on the biosynthesis of the alkaloids is given. The pharmacological aspects of these alkaloids and their semi-synthetic derivatives are only discussed briefly. The biotechnological part focuses on alternative production systems for these alkaloids, for example by in vitro culture of C. roseus cells. Subsequently it will be discussed to what extent the alkaloid biosynthetic pathway can be manipulated genetically ("metabolic engineering"), aiming at higher production levels of the alkaloids. Another approach is to produce the alkaloids (or their precursors) in other organisms such as yeast. Despite the availability of only a limited number of biosynthetic genes, the research on C. roseus has already led to a broad scientific spin-off. It is clear that many interesting results can be expected when more genes become available. 相似文献
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目的研究抗氧化剂和吲哚生物碱在2种长春花(粉红色和白色)植株不同部位的分布。方法通过检测无酶活性的抗氧化分子含量和抗氧化酶活性测定抗氧化能力。无酶活性的抗氧化分子包括抗坏血酸、α-生育酚和还原型谷胱甘肽。抗氧化酶包括超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶。所用样品为从田间收集到的植株的根、茎、叶、花和豆荚。结果与其他部位比较,根和茎中抗氧化剂的含量较高,花和豆荚中含量最低。粉红色长春花中抗氧化剂和生物碱含量较高。叶中抗氧化酶的活性较高,但吲哚生物碱的含量在粉红色长春花的根中较高。结论对于抗氧化剂和生物碱含量而言,粉红色长春花更适合培养。 相似文献
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Wang CH Wang GC Wang Y Zhang XQ Huang XJ Ye WC 《Journal of Asian natural products research》2012,14(3):249-255
Two new alkaloid glycosides (1 and 2) and a new monomeric indole alkaloid (3), together with 13 known ones (4-16), were isolated from the roots of Catharanthus roseus. The structures of new compounds were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of compound 3 was established by the modified Mosher's method. 相似文献
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The Madagascar periwinkle Catharanthus roseus accumulates a number of terpenoid indole alkaloids, some of which have high therapeutic interest. The biotechnological approach with cells in vitro remains an alternative to the field culture of periwinkle for the production of such compounds. We previously reported that two phytohormones, cytokinin and ethylene, remarkably enhanced the accumulation of alkaloids in periwinkle cell suspensions. In this work, we investigated the effects of these hormones on the regulation of several genes of the indole alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. We show that cytokinin and/or ethylene greatly enhanced the expression of the geraniol 10-hydroxylase gene. When given together, these hormones also increased the expression of three genes belonging to the methyl-erythritol pathway. These results make it possible to consider elements of cytokinin and ethylene signalling pathways as tools for improving terpenoid indole alkaloid production through metabolic engineering. 相似文献
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Shoot biomass production, alkaloid content and composition as influence by cadmium, manganese, nickel and lead at uniform dose of 5 mM were investigated in Catharanthus roseus plants grown in sand culture. Treatment with Mn, Ni, and Pb significantly enhanced total root alkaloid accumulation. Cd and Ni treatment resulted in two-fold where as Pb treatment resulted in three fold increase in serpentine content of roots. The non-significant affect on biomass suggests that plants can withstand metal stress at the level tested with positive affect on root alkaloid content. 相似文献
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钩吻生物碱成分的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的对钩吻中生物碱成分的研究进展进行综述,为钩吻生物碱成分的进一步研究奠定基础。方法查阅国内外相关文献47篇,从其中化学成分的理化常数、结构式、提取分离方法、药理作用、毒性以及开发前景等方面对钩吻生物碱类成分的研究进展进行综述。结果与结论钩吻中含有生物碱成分44种,主要为吲哚类生物碱;主要提取分离方法为硅胶柱层析和重结晶;钩吻生物碱具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、镇痛镇静等药理活性;钩吻中的毒性成分也为生物碱类成分,这给广大研究人员带来了严峻的挑战与机遇。 相似文献
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长春花吲哚萜类生物碱代谢途径研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
长春花(Catharanthus roseus(L.)G.Don.)含有130余种生物碱,既是抗癌药物长春碱和长春新碱的唯一植物来源,也是研究吲哚萜类生物碱代谢途径的模式植物。生成长春花生物碱的前体环烯醚萜主要来源于2-C-甲基-D-赤藓醇4-磷酸途径(MEP),甲羟戊酸途径(MVA)可能在此过程中起辅助作用。吲哚生物碱代谢途径受茉莉酸甲酯正调控。文多灵途径过去被认为在长春花悬浮细胞中没有文多灵产生,而目前的研究发现文多灵在长春花C20hi细胞中可以微量合成。文章对近年来长春花吲哚生物碱代谢途径及部分关键酶研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献