脑电地形图在精神分裂症患者阴阳性症状时的不同特征反映

为探讨精神分裂症阴阳性症状与脑电地形图(BEAM)的关系。采用成都BMP—Ⅱ型BEAM仪，按国际10—20系统放电极，在86例精神分裂症患清醒、闭目状态下常规脑电图描记全图。精神分裂症阴性症状组BEAM异常率高于阳性症状组。提示精神分裂症患额叶、优势半球后头部脑功能障碍。     

颅脑损伤恢复期的CT与脑电地形图对比

现将 1996～ 1999年我院 46例闭合性脑外伤患者脑电地形图 (ＢＥＡＭ)与ＣＴ检测结果进行对照分析 ,探讨二者对颅脑损伤的诊断价值。1　资料与方法1 1　临床资料　本组 46例患者中 ,男 31例 ,女 15例 ,年龄14～ 6 2岁 ,平均 36 4岁 ,均有明显的头部外伤史。病程 1ａ以内者 15例 ,1ａ以上者 31例 ,最长达 37ａ。1 2　方法　采用国产ＤＹＤ - 5 0 0型脑电地形图系统 ,按国际10～ 2 0标准导联系统安放电极 ,做常规脑电图 (ＥＥＧ) ,行单极、双极描记及过度换气试验 ,并转换成脑电地形图。ＢＥＡＭ由 1～ 15个不同颜色灰度组成 ,灰度代表大脑各…     

74例精神分裂症脑电地形图研究

对74例首次入院的精神分裂症或分裂样精神病患者脑电地形图(BEAM)的结果进行分析,发现占33.8％的患者,脑电地形图出现阳性结果,这说明精神分裂症患者大脑电生理功能发生了明显的变化,证实了脑电地形图对精神分裂症的辅助诊断具有临床意义。     

脑电地形图在脑梗塞的临床应用

通过２２例脑梗塞与１０例脑动脉硬化症对照，结合临床、ＣＴ与ＥＥＧ，对脑梗塞的脑电地形图（ＢＥＡＭ）进行研究。结果：梗塞组ＢＥＡＭ和ＥＥＧ判定结果与ＣＴ、临床定侧定位的符合率分别为６８．２％和１８．２％，Ｐ＜０．０１。其中５例浅表中大灶脑梗塞的ＢＥＡＭ和ＥＥＧ与ＣＴ完全相符率分别为１００％与８０％，Ｐ＞０．０５；１７例深部小灶梗塞和ＣＴ（－）的ＢＥＡＭ和ＥＥＧ与ＣＴ、临床定位符合率分别为５８．８％与０％，Ｐ＜０．００１。提示：脑梗塞的ＢＥＡＭ与ＥＥＧ比较，浅表中大灶梗塞，ＢＥＡＭ无明显优势，深部小灶梗塞ＢＥＡＭ优于ＥＥＧ；ＢＥＡＭ的主要定侧定位频段为８↑或／及α↓；ＢＥＡＭ改变与患者病情有一定关系，但主要取决于梗塞部位；部分病例ＢＥＡＭ的改变早于ＣＴ。     

103例神经衰弱的脑电地形图分析

神经衰弱患者103例，男51例，女52例；年龄11-51岁，平均31岁；病程1个月-5年，均符合国际疾病分类（第5版，TCD-9）和美国精神疾病怫会诊断统计手册标准，临床表现为头痛、失眠、记忆力减退、疲乏无力、食欲不振、手脚发热或颤抖及情绪激动或改变等一系列植物神经症状等。103例患者均采用TM3500型脑电地形图诊断系统按国际10％-20％标准导联，高频滤波30Hz，低频滤波1．0Hz，分析时间300s，采样点512个，于过度换气前后分别取脑电样本转换成α、β、σ、θ4个频带的平均功率谱图，同时观察原始脑电图。     

脑电地形图临床应用价值的探讨

现代化脑电生理检测技术、新型检测仪器及软件已成为脑部某些疾病早期诊断的重要手段，而脑电地形图就是直接显示脑组织时空定位、定量的高敏技术。近10年来，它已经发展成神经科不可缺少的诊断技术，至今我科已做脑电地形图18236例次；现参考有关文献结合实践体会，对脑电地形图的临床应用价值进行探讨。     

脑卒中不同病情患者不同参考电极的脑电地形图表现

对1993年至今80例脑卒中患，采用不同部位的参考电极(Cz或耳垂并联线)，分两组进行了临床、脑CT和脑电地形图(BEAM)检测；并结合病情轻重、病灶部位和大小与BEAM六个频段的绝对、相对功率谱值进行对比分析，以探讨不同部位参考电极和上述各因素间的关系。结果异常BEAM功率值与病情轻重、病灶大小呈正相关；与凡病灶位于底节、外囊的单灶，Cz组均以前、中颞及枕异常为最多，而中央区无异常；耳垂并联为参考电极，BEAM以中央及枕异常为主。     

78例糖尿病患者脑电地形图分析

对７８例糖尿病进行了脑电地形图（ＢＥＡＭ）检查。结果表明ＢＥＡＭ异常率为６０．３％较对照组ＢＥＡＭ异常率８％明显增高，并与糖尿病得的血糖和果糖胺水平增高有明显相关性，且７８例患者ＢＥＡＭ主要表现为弥漫性慢波增多，这与糖尿病代谢紊乱及血管病变有关。     

浅谈整体护理程序在空勤科的实施

<正>随着现代医学模式的不断发展和进步,空勤疗养护理工作内涵的不断拓展,建立以空勤疗养员为中心的整体护理模式已成为当前疗养护理改革与发展的总趋势,     

Educating air force mortuary officers

Air Force mortuary officers assist next of kin with entitlements and arrangements for deceased military members, manage search and recovery operations for human remains, and direct mass casualty operations. Being a mortuary officer is one of the toughest part-time jobs in the United States Air Force. This article discusses the role of the Air Force mortuary officer and how the Air Force educates men and women for the challenges of this important duty. The article describes the Air Force mortuary affairs course and discusses how it provides guidance, assistance, and affective support for officers who perform these sensitive duties with dignity and honor.     

The effect of etomidate on airway management practices of an air medical transport service

Objective

The authors studied the effect of introducing etomidate on the airway management practices of their air transport crew and specifically considered the need for paralytic agents during rapid-sequence intubation.

Methods

A prospective observational review of the transport records for all patients aged greater than 10 years who required intubation transported by the air medical crew before (PRE) and after (POST) the introduction of etomidate into the authors' rapid-sequence induction protocol was conducted. Data were collected, including the method of intubation, indications for intubation, and complications from the procedure. The following outcomes were measured: the method used for intubation (nasotracheal or orotracheal), oral intubation success rate, number of attempts for oral intubation, need for paralytic agents, and complications with the procedure.

Results

Comparing the PRE and POST periods, nasotracheal intubation was performed in 27 of 70 (38.6%) versus 33 of 71 (46.4%; p = 0.237997). The overall success rate for intubation in the PRE period was 67 of 70 (95.7%), with 95.3% of orotracheal intubations being successful. In the POST period, the overall success rate was 65 of 71 (91.5%), with 94.7% of orotracheal intubations being successful. Complication rates were similar between the groups. Etomidate reduced the use of paralytic agents from 46 of 62 (74.6%) of patients receiving midazolam to 10 of 22 (45.5%) intubated with etomidate (p = 0.02).

Conclusions

Etomidate did not appear to have an impact on the selection of intubation methods by the air medical transport crew. Etomidate significantly reduced the need for administration of paralytic agents used in an RSI.     

Mayo Clinic's hospital-based emergency air medical transport service

Mayo Clinic's hospital-based helicopter transport service, which is staffed by a medical flight crew consisting of two critical-care nurses, was initiated in October 1984. To date, more than 2,500 patients with a wide range of life-threatening conditions have been transported. As a quality-assurance tool, a computerized data collection system was initiated in 1986, and this report details a 3-year experience in air transport garnered prospectively. From 1986 through 1988, 1,701 flights were completed in response to 2,329 requests for transport. Overall, 10% of requests were declined because of weather. Of 1,727 patients transported, 94% were brought to the Mayo Medical Center for care. The categories of the patients were medical-surgical in 1,071 (62%), trauma in 553 (32%), and neonates in 103 (6%). Most transports (93%) originated from referral inpatient facilities or emergency rooms; the rest were scene flights or transports from Mayo to other facilities. The mortality rate among the 1,632 patients brought to the Mayo Medical Center was 16.3%. The mean distance transported was 77 miles for interhospital and 23 miles for scene flights. For both trauma and medical-surgical patients, the severity of illness was evaluated with use of recognized quantitative scoring systems. Prospective collection of data has proved useful in program administration, quality assurance, and clinical research. Mayo Clinic's hospital-based helicopter transport program has served as a logical extension of the institution's emergency-care capabilities in an effort to enhance the prehospital and interhospital care of the critically ill within the institution's referral area.     

Educating air force mortuary officers: Confronting death anxiety

As an instructor at the Air Force Institute of Technology, I prepare officers and noncommissioned officers for what has been called the “toughest part-time job in the Air Force.” These officers, in addition to other duties, are called upon to care for the Air Force's dead, thus becoming mortuary officers. These officers possess no special skills, they are not tested for psychological aptitude, nor given any initial special/ additional training; yet they are in one of the most sensitive, psychologically demanding fields known—mortuary affairs. In early 1990, AFIT published its first article concerning mortuary affairs, which described the progress we had made so far in mortuary affairs education. This article describes the next step, i. e., the psychological aspects of our profession.     

加强卫生管理 搞好空勤灶工作

空勤卫生管理保证食品卫生安全,防止食品污染和有害因素对人体的危害。做好卫生管理工作对于维护空勤人员身体健康,增强体质,延长服役年限,提高部队的战斗力有积极的作用。     

温馨服务在空勤疗养人员中的应用和体会

温馨服务是从人文关怀的角度出发,使飞行员健康疗养、疾病矫治、航空生理心理训练、生理心理功能恢复取得更好的疗养效果,以达到保持和提高飞行员飞行能力的目的。为更好地落实“一切以疗养员为中心”的服务宗旨,我科室将温馨服务应用于整个疗养过程中,现报告如下。     

空勤人员健康疗养的膳食管理

合理的营养是满足人体各种活动所需要的物质基础,是保证其他疗养因子充分发挥作用的重要手段.为了保证飞行人员在疗养期间对营养的需求,我们应用科学的烹饪技术和调配方法,为空勤疗养员提供符合卫生学要求的平衡膳食,以达到维护健康,促进康复,提高飞行耐力之目的.