IL-12对辐射损伤后小鼠造血干细胞的修复作用

目的 研究重组小鼠白介素12(rmIL-12)对经辐射损伤后小鼠骨髓造血干细胞的修复作用.方法 选用SPF级BALB/c鼠,直接取骨髓造血干细胞或小鼠本身在辐照前后用rmIL-12处理后,检测造血干细胞的数量和凋亡细胞数,探讨rmIL-12对辐射损伤后骨髓造血干细胞的修复功能.结果 不论是直接辐射细胞或小鼠本身,在辐照前后用rmIL-12处理后,rmIL-12具有提高受损骨髓造血干细胞的数量增加,细胞凋亡率减少.结论 rmIL-12对辐射损伤后的造血干细胞具有明显的促进修复作用,这为临床上治疗造血细胞受损提供实验依据.     

三羟异黄酮对小鼠辐射损伤后造血功能的影响

目的 探讨三羟异黄酮(genistein, GEN)对辐射损伤造血功能的影响.方法 6.0 Gy γ射线一次全身照射BALB/c雄性小鼠复制出造血损伤模型.照射前24 h给予GEN灌胃(160 mg/kg体质量),分别观察照射后1、3、7、14、21、30 d不同时相点小鼠血清对粒单系集落形成单位(colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage, CFU-GM)和红系集落形成单位(colony forming unit-erythroid, CFU-E)的支持或抑制活性.结果 辐射前24 h给予GEN,辐射后该组小鼠血清造血刺激活性显著增加,使正常小鼠骨髓有核细胞CFU-GM、CFU-E形成数量明显增多,而且对CFU-GM的刺激活性较CFU-E强.同时,该组小鼠照后血清对CFU-GM、CFU-E的抑制活性明显降低,但对CFU-E和CFU-GM的抑制活性差异不明显.结论 提高辐射损伤后小鼠血清刺激活性可能是GEN防护放射性造血损伤、促进受损造血系统重建的分子机制之一.     

CpG-ODN对小鼠骨髓造血系统辐射损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨Toll样受体9(Toll-like recptor 9,TLR9)激动剂--含CpG基序的寡核苷酸(CpG-ODN)对小鼠骨髓造血系统辐射损伤的治疗作用.方法 小鼠在照射后30 min、24 h、48 h连续腹腔注射CpG-ODN(50 μg/只),观察小鼠不同剂量照射后存活率的变化,检测特定时间内血液中白细胞和骨髓中有核细胞的含量及其骨髓病理切片,外源性脾结节集落形成数.结果 CpG-ODN能提高照后小鼠的存活率,提高小鼠外周血白细胞和骨髓有核细胞数(P<0.01),缓解骨髓病理学的损伤,减少骨髓干细胞的死亡.结论 CpG-ODN能减轻小鼠骨髓造血系统辐射损伤.     

60Co-γ照射后早期小鼠肝组织基因表达谱

目的:以基因芯片技术研究辐射后小鼠肝脏的基因表达谱,从分子水平探讨辐射引起小鼠肝脏损伤的机制.方法:采用小鼠基因表达谱芯片(4096个基因)对60Co-γ照射后48 h小鼠肝组织基因表达谱进行研究.RT-PCR验证基因芯片结果.结果:与正常小鼠相比,辐射后小鼠肝组织有124条基因差异表达,78条下调,46条上调.其中57条基因的功能已知,这些差异表达的基因按功能可分为6类:DNA修复和应激蛋白,细胞骨架,离子通道和转运蛋白,信号转导,免疫蛋白,代谢调控,其中下调基因主要为细胞骨架基因,而上调基因主要为细胞周期调控蛋白和转录因子.RT-PCR结果表明,Hspa5、Rasa3、Nqol基因的表达和芯片结果一致.结论:辐射造成的肝损伤具有多靶点、多层次及多通路的特点.     

罗汉果和熟地增加小鼠造血干细胞的数量和功能

目的罗汉果和熟地具有增强机体免疫力,延年益寿的作用。本文研究罗汉果和熟地对造血干细胞的影响。方法各组小鼠连续喂养罗汉果或熟地3个月,流式细胞仪测量小鼠的外周血、脾脏和骨髓中免疫细胞和造血干细胞的变化;小鼠用半致死剂量的放射线照射后,连续喂养罗汉果或熟地1个月后,流式细胞仪测量罗汉果或熟地对于免疫细胞和造血干细胞损伤修复的作用。结果分析检测结果发现,与对照组相比,长期喂养罗汉果或熟地的小鼠骨髓和外周血中B细胞的比例降低,粒细胞的比例增加,T细胞没有明显变化;骨髓中造血干细胞的数量增加,尤其是长期造血干细胞数量增加显著。半致死剂量的放射线照射后,罗汉果或熟地喂养1个月,小鼠的粒细胞和T细胞都有明显的改善,造血干细胞的数量明显增加。结论罗汉果或熟地长期服用会增加小鼠造血干细胞的数量和功能,促进了辐射所致的骨髓抑制小鼠的造血干细胞的恢复。     

FOXO3A对全身照射小鼠造血系统辐射损伤的影响

目的利用FOXO3A基因敲除小鼠探讨FOXO3A在造血系统电离辐射(ionizing radiation,IR)损伤中的影响。方法 FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠和WT小鼠(FVB/N)分为野生型小鼠对照组(WT组),FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠对照组(FOXO3A~(-/-)组),野生型小鼠照射组(WT+IR),FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠照射组(FOXO3A~(-/-)+IR)四组,分别接受假照射和4 Gy X射线全身照射(total body irradiation,TBI),剂量率为0.9 Gy/min。接受TBI后14 d检测FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠和WT小鼠脏器指数、外周血和骨髓细胞计数,骨髓细胞分型,造血祖细胞(HPCs)粒细胞巨噬细胞集落形成单位(colony forming unit-granulocyte and macrophage,CFU-GM)形成能力,观察FOXO3A基因敲除对造血系统辐射损伤的影响。结果生理情况下,FOXO3A~(-/-)小鼠骨髓有核细胞计数下降,HPCs比例升高(P0.05);小鼠接受4 Gy X射线TBI后14 d,FOXO3A基因敲除会加重电离辐射诱导的HPCs和造血干细胞(HSCs)比例下降,但也会抑制辐射诱导的骨髓有核细胞数下降和造血祖细胞CFU-GM形成能力减退。结论 FOXO3A基因敲除破坏造血系统稳态维持,加重TBI小鼠HPCs和HSCs的辐射损伤,对造血细胞辐射敏感性产生一定的影响。FOXO3A在造血系统电离辐射损伤中的调节作用以及能否作为防治损伤的靶点还有待进一步研究。     

肿瘤坏死因子a对辐射损伤小鼠外周血白细胞和骨髓C—kit~ 细胞的影响

采用致死性５０Ｃｏ一Ｙ射线辐照的小鼠骨髓型放射损伤模型，测定其外周血白细胞、骨髓单个核细胞，应用流式细胞仪分析骨髓造血干／祖细胞，探讨肿瘤坏死因子ａ（ＴＮＦ。）对骨髓造血功能的辐射防护效应．结果表明：辐射前２４ｈ给予ＴＮＦ。处理组在辐照后第１２天，外周血ＷＢＣ、骨髓单个核细胞数量以及骨髓细胞中Ｃ一ｋｉｔ＋细胞百分率都显著高于未经ＴＮＦ。处理组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＴＮＦ可以保护机体骨髓造血细胞耐受辐射损伤。导师     

四物汤对红细胞免疫及骨髓干细胞增殖能力的影响

用四物汤对辐射损伤小鼠进行治疗.结果表明:电离辐射对小鼠红细胞免疫功能及骨髓干细胞增殖能力有明显的抑制作用,应用四物汤治疗后红细胞免疫功能得到恢复,说明四物汤有较明显的增强红细胞免疫功能的作用.由骨髓干细胞增殖实验中可看出四物汤可使受照小鼠的骨髓干细胞增殖能力恢复正常.该研究为四物汤治疗辐射损伤引起的红细胞免疫功能及造血功能低下提供了实验依据.     

生物信息学方法筛选鼻咽癌的7个关键基因

目的:通过基因芯片技术及生物信息学方法筛选鼻咽癌的7个关键基因,帮助了解鼻咽癌的发生发展的分子机制.方法:通过差异基因分析、加权共表达基因的构建以及蛋白互作网络的分析筛选出与鼻咽癌显著相关的基因.结果:经过对基因组GSE12452的差异基因分析得出838个差异基因,将该结果纳入另一数据集GSE13597中构建加权基因共...     

黄芪在外周血造血干细胞移植中应用的初步实验研究

目的为研究中药黄芪对外周血造血干细胞移植术后早期造血功能重建有无促进作用.方法以致死量辐照并行外周血造血干细胞移植的BALB/c小鼠为模型,移植后给予黄芪注射液10g/kg或20g/kg腹腔注射,连续15天,观察4周内外周血象的恢复情况,并对骨髓造血微环境行透射电镜观察.结果黄芪组小鼠外周血白细胞的恢复快于对照组,血小板的恢复与对照组无显著差异,两个黄芪剂量组之间无显著差异;电镜检查发现黄芪组小鼠骨髓中内皮细胞、肉状细胞的损伤轻于对照组,内皮细胞、网状细胞与造血原始细胞之间的接触较对照组紧密.结论黄芪能促进小鼠外周血造血干细胞移植术后早期白细胞的重建,其机理可能是通过保护和改善骨髓造血微环境,改善骨髓基质细胞与造血干细胞之间的接触,并促进G-CSF等内源性细胞因子的分泌.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.