Screeing analysis of volatile markers in the breath of gastric cancer patients

目的 应用固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱技术筛选胃癌患者呼气中挥发性标记物.方法 用Tedlar采样袋收集37例胃癌患者呼气样本,32例正常人的呼气标本作为对照,同时收集周围空气作为参照.经固相微萃取浓缩,通过气相色谱/质谱检测呼气中的挥发性有机化合物,通过Wilcoxon非参数检验筛选胃癌患者呼气中的特征性挥发性标志物.结果 在胃癌呼气标本中筛选出丙烯腈和甲基环己烷两种挥发性标志物.丙烯腈的浓度范围为14.72~594.29 ng/L,甲基环己烷的浓度范围为9.20~970.89 ng/L.比较胃癌患者和正常对照呼气中两种物质浓度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 丙烯腈和甲基环己烷可作为胃癌潜在的挥发性标志物辅助胃癌诊断.     

胃癌患者呼气中挥发性标志物的筛选分析

目的应用固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱技术筛选胃癌患者呼气中挥发性标记物。方法用Tedlar采样袋收集37例胃癌患者呼气样本,32例正常人的呼气标本作为对照,同时收集周围空气作为参照。经固相微萃取浓缩,通过气相色谱/质谱检测呼气中的挥发性有机化合物,通过Wilcoxon非参数检验筛选胃癌患者呼气中的特征性挥发性标志物。结果在胃癌呼气标本中筛选出丙烯腈和甲基环己烷两种挥发性标志物。丙烯腈的浓度范围为14.72～594.29 ng/L,甲基环己烷的浓度范围为9.20～970.89 ng/L。比较胃癌患者和正常对照呼气中两种物质浓度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丙烯腈和甲基环己烷可作为胃癌潜在的挥发性标志物辅助胃癌诊断。     

卵巢癌患者呼气中挥发性标志物的筛查

目的应用固相微萃取联合气相色谱/质谱技术筛查卵巢癌患者呼气中挥发性标志物。方法收集40例卵巢癌患者呼气样本(卵巢癌组),49例健康女性呼气样本(对照组),同时收集周围空气作为参考。利用固相微萃取联用气相色谱/质普检测筛查卵巢癌患者呼气中的挥发性有机化合物。通过t检验分析卵巢癌患者呼气中的特异性挥发性标志物。结果筛选出苯乙烯和壬醛两种特异性挥发性标志物。卵巢癌组苯乙烯的浓度为(268.854±96.660)ng/L,壬醛的浓度为(388.631±122.660)ng/L。两种物质的浓度在卵巢癌组和对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论苯乙烯和壬醛可能是卵巢癌患者呼气中潜在挥发性标志物。     

乳腺癌患者呼气中挥发性标志物的筛选与定量分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者呼出气体中挥发性有机化合物成分在临床诊断中的价值.方法 用Tedlar袋收集36例正常人、27例乳腺腺病及33例乳腺癌术前患者的呼气样本,经固相微萃取浓缩后经气相色谱/质谱对呼气中的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)进行检测,筛选出乳腺癌的挥发性标志物,以标准曲线法定量,并通过受试者工作曲线(ROC)评估它们用于乳腺癌诊断的价值.结果 在乳腺癌患者呼气标本中筛选出两种挥发性标志物,分别为苯乙酮和十六烷.在健康人与乳腺癌患者中,苯乙酮和十六烷浓度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),苯乙酮用于乳腺癌的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为97.0%和50.0%,十六烷为75.8%和61.1%;在乳腺腺病和乳腺癌患者中,两种VOCs差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在乳腺腺病患者和健康人中,苯乙酮浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),十六烷浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 苯乙酮和十六烷可能作为乳腺癌患者呼气中的标志物,两者都不能正确区分乳腺癌和乳腺腺病,但苯乙酮可能对鉴别健康人与乳腺腺病有帮助.     

运用ARMS法检测非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体基因突变

目的探讨应用突变特异性扩增系统法(ARMS)检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变.方法收集20例芜湖中医院2014年1月至12月NSCLC患者肿瘤样本,采用ARMS法检测EGFR基因18、19、20、21号外显子突变情况.结果在20例NSCLC患者中,18例ARMS法检测成功;ARMS法检测本群患者EGFR突变率为44.4％(8/18).在所有突变类型中,19外显子缺失突变3例,20外显子1例插入突变(S768I),20号外显子T790M错义突变2例,21号外显子错义突变(L858R)3例,其中1例同时出现20号外显子T790M突变及21号外显子(L858R)突变.结论ARMS法检测EGFR基因突变敏感,整个实验过程小于3h,操作简单,能够满足临床快速检测的要求,易于普及,而且ARMS可以检测到1％含量的突变DNA,敏感性高.特别是对于小标本及肿瘤组织含量少的标本有明显的优势.     

肝癌患者呼气中挥发性标志物的筛选与定量分析

目的 筛选肝癌患者呼气中的挥发性标志物,并评估它们用于临床肝癌诊断的可行性.方法 用Tedlar 采样袋收集30份肝癌患者呼气样品,收集27份肝硬化患者和36份健康人的样品作为对照,同时收集周围空气作为参照.经固相微萃取浓缩,用气相色谱/质谱检测呼气中的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),筛选肝癌患者呼气中的挥发性标志物,标准曲线法定量,Mann-Whitney U检验进行组间比较,通过ROC曲线评估它们用于临床肝癌诊断的可行性.结果 筛选出3个组间存在明显差异的VOCs:3-羟基-2-丁酮、苯乙烯和癸烷,它们在肝癌患者呼气中的中位浓度均高于健康人或肝硬化患者.3-羟基-2-丁酮用于肝癌的诊断效果较好,在健康人与肝癌中,诊断肝癌的灵敏度与特异度可达到83.3%与91.7%;在肝硬化与肝癌人群中,诊断肝癌的灵敏度与特异度可达到70.0%与70.4%.肝癌患者中,AFP>400μg/L与AFP<400μg/L两组患者呼气中,这3种VOCs的浓度差异无显著性(P>0.05),在Ⅰ～Ⅱ期与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期肝癌患者呼气中,它们的浓度差异亦无显著性(P>0.05).结论 3-羟基-2-丁酮,苯乙烯和癸烷这3种VOCs可能作为肝癌患者呼气中的标志物,这些标志物与肝癌患者的AFP水平和临床分期无关联.     

非小细胞肺癌患者缺氧诱导因子、血管内皮细胞生长因子表达水平及其临床意义

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-2α、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达水平及临床意义.方法:选择接诊的86例NSCLC患者,收集所有患者的NSCLC组织标本及癌旁组织标本.比较NSCLC组织和癌旁组织,不同临床病理NSCLC组织中HIF-2α、VEGF阳性表达率,并分析HIF-2α和...     

PD-L1在NSCLC组织中的表达及对患者预后影响的多因素分析

目的 探讨程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中表达及对患者预后的影响.方法 选取江苏省中医院病理科收集的90例NSCLC组织(NSCLC组)、40例癌旁正常肺组织作为癌旁正常组进行免疫组化检测,对比两组标本中的PD-L1蛋白阳性表达率.根据PD-L1蛋白表达是否为阳性,将90例NSCLC分...     

非小细胞肺癌组织中长链非编码RNA LINC02163的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA(long chain non?coding RNA,lncRNA)LINC02163在非小细胞肺癌(non?small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织中的表达及临床意义.方法 收集80例NSCLC患者术后癌组织及癌旁组织作为样本,应用qRT?PCR法分别检测组织样本中ln...     

14C尿素呼气试验检测幽门螺杆菌的护理体会

目的 探讨14C尿素呼气试验检测幽门螺杆菌(HP)过程中的质量控制及护理.方法 选取2010年1月～2011年1月800例行有适应证的14C尿素呼气试验检测患者为研究对象,分析总结检查过程中的护理措施和体会.结果 800例有适应证的14C尿素呼气试验检测患者中HP阳性331例,阳性率41.4%,标本收集不规范20例,1周后复查,阳性者8例.结论 做好检测前的护理和准备,检测时规范操作,可使14C尿素呼气试验检测HP的结果 更准确,可靠.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.