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Monica Baumgardt Bay Marise Reis de Freitas Marcia Cavalcante Vinhas Lucas Elizabeth Cristina Fagundes de Souza Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli 《The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases》2019,23(1):2-7
Background
Men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the highest prevalence of HIV in Brazil. HIV testing allows to implement preventive measures, reduces transmission, morbidity, and mortality.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate HIV testing during lifetime, factors associated with the decision to test, knowledge about HIV transmission, and use of condoms between MSM from the city of Natal, northeast Brazil.Results
Out of 99 participants, 62.6% had been tested for HIV during lifetime, 46.2% in the last year. The most frequent reported reason to be tested for HIV infection was curiosity (35.5%). Correct knowledge about HIV was observed in only 9.2% of participants. In multivariate analysis, age (PR 0.95; 95%CI, 0.91–0.99; p = 0.041) and previous syphilis test (PR 4.21; 95%CI, 1.52–11.70; p = 0.006) were associated with HIV testing.Conclusions
The frequency of HIV testing among MSM from Natal is rather low, especially in younger MSM, and knowledge about HIV transmission is inappropriate. 相似文献2.
男男性行为人群HIV感染者感染状态配对研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文综述了国外近年来在男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者中,开展"感染状态配对"研究的相关文献,阐述了"感染状态配对"在降低HIV新发感染、促进咨询检测和性伴告知方面的积极意义,分析了在MSM HIV感染者中实施"感染状态配对"干预可能存在的问题,为在我国开展类似工作提供了参考信息。 相似文献
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目的了解男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)的阳性检出率,探讨该人群感染HIV的影响因素。方法2012年1—12月,在武汉市动员MSM参加HIV抗体快速检测,并调查收集人口学和行为学信息,HIV抗体筛查阳性者接受确证检测。结果共有7123名符合条件的MSM参加了检测。分析表明,教育水平、现住址、过去3个月及最近1次肛交性行为安全套使用、找寻性伴地点、检测原因以及是否第1次参加HIV抗体检测,为影响MSM动员检测阳性发现的因素,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。其中,外地、过去3个月有时使用和最近1次没有使用安全套、在浴池找寻性伴、第1次参加检测和感觉不舒服而参加检测的MSM,HIV阳性检出的风险分别是参照组的1.830、3.082、3.530、2.762、1.943和6.141倍。结论需要综合考虑,调整动员检测模式,设计活动及分配资源,注重实际效果,从而最大限度发现地HIV阳性者。 相似文献
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目的评价艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体快速检测试剂,应用于男男性行为人群(MSM)中检测的真实性。方法用两种HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂和指尖血HIV抗体快速检测试剂,对MSM进行快速检测。同时每位调查对象抽取静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HIV抗体,阳性者用蛋白免疫印迹法(WB)进行确认检测。以ELISA和WB结果作为金标准,将快速检测结果与之相比较。结果 HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂1的阴性样本检测错误百分比为6.4%(6/94),阳性样本检测错误百分比为0.1%(1/800)。HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂2的阴性样本检测错误百分比为25.2%(26/103),阳性样本检测错误百分比为0(0/795)。指尖血检测的阴性样本检测错误百分比为0(0/197),阳性样本检测错误百分比为0.1%(1/1595)。结论两种口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂都可能导致一部分HIV感染者漏检。在选择口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测试剂时需要进行多方比较和评价,同时加强对开展HIV抗体快速检测的MSM志愿者的培训。对HIV抗体口腔黏膜渗出液快速检测结果的咨询显得尤为重要。 相似文献
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北京市男男性行为者HIV感染及影响因素的调查研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 了解北京市男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况及其影响因素.方法 于2006年9月-2007年2月,在北京市招募MSM进行问卷调查,调查内容包括社会人口学和高危行为学特征,采集血样检测HIV抗体.结果 在所调查的541名MSM中,HIV和梅毒感染率分别为4.8%(26/541)和19.8%(107/541).在多因素Logistic回归模型中,梅毒感染(OR=4.23;95%CI 1.88-9.54)、过去男性性伴总人数≥10个(OR=3.80,95%CI 1.49-9.72)与MSM HIV感染的关系有统计学意义.结论 MSM已成为HIV感染的高危人群之一,有必要加强艾滋病/性病防治知识宣传和预防干预,来降低HIV在MSM中的传播. 相似文献
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Kabelo Maleke Nosipho Makhakhe Remco PH Peters Glenn De Swardt Joseph Daniels 《African Journal of AIDS Research》2017,16(1):31-38
Rural South African men who have sex with men (MSM) are likely to be underserved in terms of access to relevant healthcare and HIV prevention services. While research in urban and peri-urban MSM populations has identified a range of factors affecting HIV risk in South African MSM, very little research is available that examines HIV risk and prevention in rural MSM populations. This exploratory study begins to address this lack by assessing perceptions of HIV risk among MSM in rural Limpopo province. Using thematic analysis of interview and discussion data, two overarching global themes that encapsulated participants’ understandings of HIV risk and the HIV risk environment in their communities were developed. In the first theme, “community experience and the rural social environment”, factors affecting HIV risk within the broad risk environment were discussed. These included perceptions of traditional value systems and communities as homophobic; jealousy and competition between MSM; and the role of social media as a means of meeting other MSM. The second global theme, “HIV/AIDS knowledge, risk and experience”, focused on factors more immediately affecting HIV transmission risk. These included: high levels of knowledge of heterosexual HIV risk, but limited knowledge of MSM-specific risk; inconsistent condom and lubricant use; difficulties in negotiating condom and lubricant use due to uneven power dynamics in relationships; competition for sexual partners; multiple concurrent sexual partnerships; and transactional sex. These exploratory results suggest that rural South African MSM, like their urban and peri-urban counterparts, are at high risk of contracting HIV, and that there is a need for more in-depth research into the interactions between the rural context and the specific HIV risk knowledge and behaviours that affect HIV risk in this population. 相似文献
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目的了解男性性工作者(MSW)的基本情况和艾滋病(AIDS)相关情况,探索适合在该人群中开展AIDS宣传教育和行为干预的模式,为今后的工作提供科学依据.方法在知情同意、保密和无伤害的原则下,采用个别访谈、填写调查问卷、发放健康就诊卡、敦促其到指定医院进行健康体检和免费咨询等方法,了解其基本情况和AIDS相关情况,用SPSS11.0对调查结果进行统计学分析.结果(1)在同意调查的86名MSW中,69名参加了调查问卷,其中年龄最小的17岁,最大的28岁,平均21.35岁;具有高中文化水平的>50%;84.1%未婚.(2)愿接受艾滋病知识教育者占75.4%,获得艾滋病知识的途径来自报纸、杂志(55.1%),电视、广播(37.7%),医院、诊所(31.9%);性生活的频率普遍偏高,1周内≥3~7次的占34.8%;安全套的使用率很低,最近一次性生活安全套使用率为23.2%;存在不同形式的吸毒现象.(3)86名MSW性病/艾滋病检测,查出梅毒5人,HIV抗体均为阴性.结论MSW人群具有更多的艾滋病传播危险因素,有关部门应提高重视程度,对他们应加强性病艾滋病教育和干预,提高其艾滋病知晓率和安全套使用率. 相似文献
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重庆市男男性行为人群近1年HIV检测情况及影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的了解重庆市男男性行为人群(MSM)近1年艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测情况及其影响因素。方法于2009年9-10月,在重庆市通过同伴推动抽样法(Respondent-driven sampling,RDS)招募510名MSM进行问卷调查及HIV和梅毒血清学检测,用RDSAT和SAS进行统计学分析。结果 57.1%的MSM曾经做过HIV检测,近1年HIV检测率为39.7%,HIV和梅毒感染率分别为14.9%和6.3%。在多因素Logistic回归分析结果中,MSM近1年HIV检测的影响因素为:近6个月与最近1个男性性伴主动肛交时使用安全套(AOR=1.7,95%CI:1.1~2.6)、知道最近1个男性性伴的HIV感染状况(AOR=2.0,95%CI:1.2~3.4)和近12个月接受过免费的性病检查或治疗(AOR=7.2,95%CI:3.9~13.0);年龄(>25岁:AOR=0.5,95%CI:0.3~0.8)和担心检测结果阳性受到歧视(AOR=0.5,95%CI:0.3~0.8)。结论急需开展有针对性的宣传教育和干预工作,来促进MSM定期HIV检测以降低HIV的传播。 相似文献
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Stephen W. Pan Yuhua Ruan Patricia M. Spittal Margo E. Pearce Han-zhu Qian Dongliang Li 《AIDS care》2014,26(6):742-749
Few studies have examined coercive sex and HIV vulnerabilities among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. The present study seeks to compare individual characteristics between MSM who did and did not experience coercive sex at their MSM sexual debut and to identify HIV risk factors correlated with coercive sex at MSM sexual debut. In 2007, we recruited 167 MSM in Beijing, China by peer-referred social network sampling. Each participant then completed self-administered questionnaires regarding their sexual experiences and practices. Results show that 14% of participants reported coercive sex at MSM sexual debut, of whom 48% reported recent unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). Coercive sex at MSM sexual debut was significantly associated with UAI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.95–14.87] and lifetime number of male sex partners (AOR: 7.25, 95% CI: 2.39–22.01). Coercive sex is harming MSM in China and should be immediately addressed by researchers, public health officials, and MSM community stakeholders. 相似文献
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江苏省部分城市男男性行为者HIV/STD感染情况研究 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
目的 了解男男性行为者(MSM)群体的艾滋病病毒/性病(HIV/STD)感染水平.方法 在MSM聚集的酒吧,在知情同意下,匿名填写问卷,自愿选择检查项目,在现场开展体检和实验室标本采集,标本按要求冷藏转送至实验室.结果 共检测了144人,平均年龄32.68岁,未婚者占59.03%,各种文化层次和职业者均有.他们中只有同性性行为者占38.64%,其他人均与异性有性行为.首次性行为的平均年龄为20.82岁.近3个月内被调查者有与异性的性行为及各种方式的性行为,且每次使用安全套者仅13.77%.其中11.11%的人报告曾被诊断有性病.现场体检发现尖锐湿疣患病率13.21%(14/106).尿道分泌物检查淋球菌阳性率2.68%(3/112),沙眼衣原体8.04%(9/112),解脲脲原体25.00%(28/112),生殖支原体4.46%(5/112).血清学检查HIV抗体全部阴性,梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验(TPPA)阳性率18.75%(27/144),快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)阳性率9.72%(14/144),疱疹病毒抗体(HSV-2-IgG)阳性率7.78%(7/90),乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率9.68%(9/93),丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)阳性率0(0/93),戊型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HEV)阳性率16.13%(15/93).结论 MSM人群的性生活状态复杂并且缺乏安全性意识,成为HIV/STD传播的桥梁人群.他们中STD的感染水平较一般人群高,个别感染甚至接近性病门诊的感染水平,应该引起关注. 相似文献
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Community engagement was developed as a global principle in the provision of HIV/AIDS services, yet evidence-based research of implementation of the principle is lacking in Taiwan. This short report aims to understand factors associated with engagement in two types of activities with varying levels of visibility: HIV-related community events and HIV-related community action, in Taiwanese men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to a purposive sample of participants recruited from AIDS service organizations (ASOs). Among participants (n?=?178), 63.6% were involved in HIV-related community events, while less than half (47.7%) were involved in HIV-related community action. In multivariable analysis, age, involvement in ASOs, and AIDS knowledge were positively associated with engagement in community events, and living in the north of Taiwan, years of infection, and self-stigma were negatively associated with this type of engagement. Few factors, with the exception of involvement in ASOs, were positively associated with engagement in HIV-related community action. To this end, ASOs appear to play a strong role in improving and organizing both types of community engagement in Taiwan. Future studies should evaluate tailored programs delivered through ASOs for strengthening community connectedness among younger, stigmatized, and longer diagnosed MSM living with HIV. 相似文献
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目的了解男男性行为人群(MSM)对艾滋病病毒(HIV)快速检测的实际利用情况,获取影响MSM接受HIV快速检测的相关需求。方法 2012年10-12月,在杭州市下城区、江干区和富阳市MSM活动场所、自愿咨询检测门诊招募MSM,开展问卷调查。结果在接受调查的501名MSM中,268人回答知道HIV快速检测,占53.5%,其中93.7%(251/268)接受过快速检测,74.3%(199/268)知道快速检测可以较快获得检测结果。在需要做HIV检测时,52.7%(264/501)选择快速检测。在接受快速检测同时,希望接受艾滋病/性病咨询、梅毒检测和丙型肝炎病毒检测的比例分别为71.5%、60.9%、48.9%。79.6%希望接受快速检测的场所为疾病预防控制中心,89.2%愿意动员性伴接受快速检测。影响调查对象接受快速检测的主要因素为获得检测结果的时间(54.7%)、检测结果的准确性(54.5%)、个人信息的保密性(45.7%)等。结论 MSM对检测场所、隐私以及其他检测咨询等有不同的服务需求。因此,要加强对快速检测及相关特点的宣传,在开展快速检测时,从MSM实际需求出发进行改进,促进更多的MSM接受快速检测,扩大检测覆盖面。 相似文献
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目的探讨苏州市男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染的危险因素。方法采用时间序列病例对照的研究方法,病例来源于2008年5月至2009年7月间苏州MSM人群调查中新发现的HIV感染者,对照为按入组时间进行1∶4匹配的HIV抗体阴性者;问卷调查收集人口学、行为学信息等信息。数据分析运用条件Logistic回归模型。结果共获得病例58人,对照232人。单因素结果显示,与HIV感染相关的因素有大专及以上文化程度(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.20,0.78)、外地户籍(OR=2.19,95%CI:1.05,4.55)、最近6月内有5个及以上同性性伴(OR=2.29,95%CI:1.15,4.56)、最近6月内与同性发生被插入性肛交(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.16,4.59)、最近6月内与同性肛交从不/偶尔使用安全套(OR=4.20,95%CI:1.95,9.08)、感染梅毒(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.17,4.41);多因素分析表明,大专及以上文化程度(OR=0.45,95%CI:0.21,0.98)是MSM人群HIV感染的保护因素,而肛交从不/偶尔使用安全套(OR=3.76,95%CI:1.60,8.84)是MSM人群HIV感染的危险因素。结论文化程度高是MSM HIV感染的保护因素,而肛交不用安全套是MSM HIV感染的危险因素;需要针对MSM人群开展强化安全套使用的干预。 相似文献
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The recent increase in social media use allows these technologies to rapidly reach communities with higher HIV prevalence, such as African-American and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM). However, no studies have looked at HIV/AIDS stigma among social media users from African-American and Latino MSM communities, or the association between stigma and social media use among these groups. This study sought to assess the level of HIV/AIDS stigma among a sample of social media-using African-American and Latino MSM from Los Angeles. A total of 112 (primarily African-American and Latino, n?=?98, 88%) MSM Facebook users completed a survey on demographics, online social network use, and HIV/AIDS stigma. A composite stigma score was created by taking the cumulative score from a 15-item stigma questionnaire. Cumulative logistic models were used to assess the association between HIV/AIDS stigma and online social network use. In general, participants reported a low level of HIV/AIDS stigma (mean?=?22.2/75, SD?=?5.74). HIV/AIDS stigma composite score was significantly associated with increased time spent on online social networks each day (Adjusted odds ratios (AOR): 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.15). Among this diverse sample of MSM online social network users, findings suggest that HIV/AIDS stigma is associated with usage of social media. We discuss the implications of this work for future HIV prevention. 相似文献
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目的了解北京市男男性行为人群(MSM)的行为特征,以及艾滋病病毒(HIV)、梅毒、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的感染状况。方法 2009-2013年,在北京市MSM活动场所和网络招募MSM,通过面对面访谈收集MSM的高危行为信息、艾滋病知识知晓情况,并采集血液标本检测HIV、梅毒螺旋体、HCV抗体。结果 2009-2013年,共调查2997名MSM,各年MSM的平均年龄分别为(29.61±8.22)岁、(28.68±7.06)岁、(29.27±7.73)岁、(30.41±8.11)岁、(32.81±9.28)岁。各年MSM的艾滋病基本知识总体知晓率为92.37%(569/616)、96.35%(580/602)、92.92%(538/579)、94.33%(566/600)、94.17%(565/600);接受过同伴教育的比例分别为27.60%(170/616)、13.12%(79/602)、21.07%(122/579)、66.67%(400/600)、51.50%(309/600);与同性发生肛交性行为时每次都使用安全套的比例,分别为44.54%(253/568)、46.05%(262/569)、50.46%(273/541)、60.68%(341/562)、51.37%(282/549);与异性发生性行为时每次都使用安全套的比例,分别为14.43%(14/97)、29.41%(25/85)、21.95%(18/82)、38.46%(35/91)、29.67%(27/91)。HIV抗体阳性检出率分别为5.03%(31/616)、6.64%(40/602)、7.08%(41/579)、9.50%(57/600)、10.50%(63/600),有逐年增加趋势。结论北京市MSM中HIV感染率较高,应加强同伴教育和安全套推广等干预措施,降低艾滋病在MSM中的传播。 相似文献
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目的了解年轻男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况及其影响因素。方法分别于2009-2011年,采用应答驱动抽样方法(RDS),在北京市18~25岁年轻MSM中开展横断面调查,采用计算机辅助问卷,调查内容包括社会人口学、性行为特征、HIV检测和对安全性行为的认知等。结果在474名调查对象中,HIV感染率为7.4%,其中2009年、2010年和2011年的感染率分别为6.4%、8.4%和7.5%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,HIV感染的影响因素为:自报HIV感染状况正确[比值比(OR)=0.06,95%可信区间(CI):0.02~0.18]、对安全性行为的认知高(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.20~0.98)、近1年有过性病症状(OR=6.78,95%CI:1.92~23.95)和梅毒抗体阳性(OR=4.19,95%CI:1.49~11.80)。对安全性行为的认知量表内部一致性检验克朗巴赫系数为0.92。结论应促进对安全性行为的认知和性病的预防和治疗,以遏制HIV在年轻MSM中的快速传播。 相似文献
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在MSM人群中开展性病知识的同伴教育效果研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的探讨同伴教育在男男性行为者(MSM)人群中的知识认知和行为转变的效果。方法2004年3~11月,在昆明、成都两市的MSM人群中开展有组织的同伴教育活动;在4月和11月,分别进行性病、艾滋病知识和个人性行为情况的人群抽样调查,对调查结果进行比较分析。结果基线调查184人,终期调查175人。两次调查发生首次性行为的年龄中值均为18岁,发生首次同性性行为年龄的中值均为19岁。基线和终期调查发现,调查对象对性病、艾滋病知识的认知发生了有意义的全面提高,但在近3个月内异性性行为和同性性行为的发生率和性伴数没有改变,并且平均性伴数都超过1人。各种方式性行为的发生率没有改变,安全套的使用率也没有发生有意义的提高,只是对性对象的健康状况关注增加了。结论同伴教育能够很快提高MSM群体的性病、艾滋病知识认知,但是存在“认知与行为分离”的现象,加速安全性行为的促进是面临的重要问题,同时安全套促进也需要人性化措施。 相似文献