Health-related quality of life and its main related factors among nurses in China

The present study is to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and analyze the effect of occupational stress, job burnout and coping resource on the HRQOL among nurses in China. A total of 1,012 nurses were recruited from eight hospitals of two provinces in 2008. The Chinese version of Short Form-36 Health Survey and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey were used to measure the HRQOL and burnout respectively, the Occupation Stress Inventory-Revised Edition was used to evaluate occupational stressor, personal strain and coping resources. Other potential influencing factors for HRQOL were collected using a structured questionnaire. HRQOL in the nurses was lower than that in the general population. Occupational stressor, personal strain and job burnout correlated negatively with the HRQOL (p<0.05) while coping resources was positively related to the HRQOL (p<0.05). Among the predictive factors for HRQOL, occupational stressor (indicated by role insufficiency and physical environment), personal strain (indicated by physical strain and psychological strain), job burnout (indicated by emotional exhaustion and professional efficacy), length of work hours (≥10 h per day), diet irregularity and age were the main risk factors for HRQOL, while recreation and self-care were the main protective factors for HRQOL. The findings suggest occupational stress, job burnout and coping resources play important roles in HRQOL in the Chinese nurses.     

河南省某三级甲等精神病医院护士工作倦怠状况调查

目的研究三级甲等精神病医院护士工作倦怠状况,为制定医务人员健康保护措施,提高其生命质量提供科学依据。方法应用Maslach工作倦怠量表通用版（MBI—GS）测试191名河南省某三级甲等精神病医院护士（护士组）和72名非卫生部门脑力劳动者（对照组）工作倦怠情况;应用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中文版（EPQ—RSC）评定护士组人格特征,分析不同人格类型对工作倦怠的影响。结果精神科护士情绪耗竭和消极怠慢显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）;30～40岁年龄段护士情绪耗竭高于其他年龄组（P〈0．01）;工作倦怠源男护士主要为情绪耗竭,女护士主要为消极怠慢;情绪耗竭和消极怠慢均随着学历的增高而增高（P〈0．01）;大学专科学历护士的专业低效能感最低（P〈0．01）;中级职称护士的情绪耗竭和消极怠慢高于其他职称（P〈0．01）。精神科护士的情绪稳定性与工作倦怠各维度呈显著负相关（P〈0．01）;内外倾向性、精神质与工作倦怠各维度呈显著正相关（P〈0．01）;内向、情绪不稳定医务人员工作倦怠感明显高于外向、情绪稳定者（P〈0．01）。结论三级甲等精神病专科医院护士存在明显工作倦怠,男女倦怠源不同;工作倦怠具有明显人口学特征,人格特征与工作倦怠感密切相关。     

天津地区护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素

目的探讨分析天津地区护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素。方法采用护士职业倦怠问卷(Maslach Burnout Inven-tory,MBI)、护士工作压力源量表对350名在职护士进行问卷调查。结果①病房护士的职业倦怠程度高于门诊;工作职称越高,职业倦怠程度越低;个人月收入越低,职业倦怠程度越高。②相关性分析结果表明,情绪耗竭、去人格化维度与护士工作压力源5个方面存在正相关,低个人成就感与护士工作压力源5个方面呈负相关。③回归分析结果提示,护士总体工作压力对情绪耗竭、去人格化和低个人成就感3个维度均具有预测作用;个人月收入和职称对情绪耗竭和低个人成就感2个维度均具有预测作用;工作类型对情绪耗竭、来自专业及工作的压力对去人格化均具有预测作用。结论不同的工作压力源和个人背景对护士职业倦怠的3个维度具有不同的预测作用。     

Job stress and burnout among Canadian managers and nurses: an empirical examination

This study examined the relationship of job stress with burnout and its three dimensions (emotional exhaustion, lack of accomplishment and depersonalization), job satisfaction, organizational commitment and psychosomatic health problems. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire from Canadian managers (N = 67) and nurses (N = 173). Pearson correlation and moderated multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Job stress was significantly correlated with overall burnout and its three dimensions and job satisfaction in both samples. In the nursing sample, job stress was also significantly correlated with psychosomatic health problems and organizational commitment. Moderated multiple regression only marginally supported the role of gender as a moderator of stress-burnout relationship.     

护士职业压力、应对方式与职业倦怠的相关性

目的了解重症监护病房（ICU）护士的职业压力、应对方式及职业倦怠现状,明确职业压力、应对方式与职业倦怠的相关性,为减轻ICU护士职业倦怠提供科学依据。方法 2013年10月对唐山市工人医院13个ICU 204名护士,采用护士工作压力源、简易应对方式、职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查。结果护士工作压力总分为（2.36±0.42）分,其中工作量及时间分配是其护士最主要工作压力源（2.95±0.67）分。ICU护士积极应对方式为（1.78±0.46）分,与全国常模无差异;消极应对方式为（1.16±0.54）分,低于全国常模;ICU护士情感枯竭为（26.60±10.23）分,个人成就感为（26.20±9.78）分,去人格化维度为（6.99±5.31）分。相关性分析显示,ICU护士职业压力、消极应对与情感枯竭、去人格化呈正相关,积极应对与个人成就感呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论 ICU护士职业压力愈大,情感枯竭、去人格化程度愈重,积极应对方式可提高护士的个人成就感,消极应对方式易使情感枯竭、去人格化程度增高。     

中医医生职业承诺对工作倦怠的影响

目的 探讨中医医生工作倦怠现状及职业承诺对工作倦怠的影响.方法 采用中医医生职业承诺问卷和Maslach的工作倦怠量表一服务版(MBI-HSS)对507名中医医生进行测试.结果 年龄<30岁的中医医生成就感评分最低(2.352±0,660),与30～、40～岁组(分别为2.136±0.704、2.127±0.628)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高学历中医医生的情绪衰竭、缺乏人情味评分高于低学历者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).职业承诺对工作倦怠有明显的负向影响(P<0.01).职业承诺不同维度对工作倦怠各维度的影响作用不同,职业风险承诺是情绪衰竭的主要预测因素;专业效能承诺是缺乏人情味的主要预测因素;情感认同承诺是个人成就感的主要预测因素.结论 职业承诺是工作倦怠的一个有效的预测变量,提岛职业承诺水平是预防中医医生工作倦怠的一项重要措施.     

艾滋病医护人员社会支持在工作压力源与工作倦怠关系中的调节作用

目的了解社会支持各维度在工作压力与工作倦怠之间的调节作用。方法采用艾滋病医护人员工作压力源调查问卷、社会支持问卷和中式工作倦怠量表对342名艾滋病医护人员进行测试,运用SPSS 11.5管理并进行分析。结果(1)艾滋病医护人员的工作压力和工作倦怠显著正相关,工作压力越大,工作倦怠程度越深(P﹤0.01)。(2)社会支持的调节作用主要体现在支持利用和主观支持方面。面对职业风险和社会排斥,高支持利用和高主观支持医护人员的情感耗竭低于具有低支持利用和低主观支持的人员。但人际排斥压力增大时,高主观支持个体的情感耗竭水平上升更快。结论社会支持是工作压力和工作倦怠的有效调节变量,其中支持利用和主观支持的调节作用更显著。     

Burnout, social support, and coping at work among social workers, psychologists, and nurses: the role of challenge/control appraisals

The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to compare stress appraisals, coping strategies, social resources, and burnout at work between social workers, psychologists and nurses; and (2) to assess the effectiveness of appraisals and support in reducing burnout and enhancing effective coping strategies. Questionnaires containing assessments of work stress appraisals, coping strategies used to deal with problems at work, and social support at work, as well as burnout measures of exhaustion, depersonalization, and accomplishment were completed by 249 female professionals (age range 25-61). No differences were observed between the three professions on most psychological measures, except for the depersonalization outcome of burnout, which was significantly lower among psychologists than among nurses or social workers. High challenge/control appraisal of the job was directly related to all burnout outcomes, contributing to less exhaustion and depersonalization and to more personal accomplishment. The challenge/control appraisal was also negatively associated with emotion-focused coping. By comparison, the stress/load appraisal contributed to more exhaustion at work, while emotion-focused coping contributed to higher depersonalization. Social support was associated with higher challenge/control appraisal, with the latter mediating support effects on burnout. These data suggest that the perception of challenge/control in one's work may be an important factor in preventing work burnout in the three professions tested in the study.     

护理人员的人格特征和应对方式与职业倦怠的关系研究

目的探讨护理人员人格特征和应对方式与其职业倦怠之间的关系。方法于2014年3-11月,应用中国版职业倦怠问卷、艾森克成人简式人格问卷以及简式应对方式量表对辽宁省6所公立医院720名护理人员进行问卷调查。对数据结果进行描述性统计分析、Pearson相关分析、分层回归分析及路径分析。结果720名护理人员职业倦怠的检出率为73.8%,其中轻度职业倦怠率为35.7%,中度职业倦怠率为32.3%,高度职业倦怠率为5.8%。性格内向、神经质的护理人员更易情感耗竭;精神质、神经质程度高,不选择积极应对方式、经常选择消极应对方式的护理人员更易人格解体;性格内向、不采用积极应对方式、选择消极应对方式的护理人员更容易感到成就感降低。结论护理人员人格特征和应对方式是护理人员职业倦怠的影响因素。护理人员应对方式在护理人员人格特征和职业倦怠之间起着中介作用。     

护理人员职业倦怠与组织承诺、工作满意度的关系研究

目的研究职业倦怠与组织承诺、工作满意度的关系。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,选取黑龙江省3家三级甲等公立医院660护理人员进行职业倦怠、组织承诺、工作满意度问卷调查。结果 (1)护理人员组织承诺、工作满意度和职业倦怠的平均分依次为(3.87±0.62)分、(3.24±0.71)分、(3.12±0.58)分,(2)工作满意度、组织承诺与职业倦怠分别为低度负相关关系,(3)福利待遇、规范承诺、排班、年龄、专业发展机会、婚姻状况、学历、家庭和工作平衡对职业倦怠的联合解释量为19.9%。结论护理人员组织承诺好工作满意度处于较高水平,职业倦怠比较严重,组织承诺、工作满意度对护理人员职业倦怠有负向预测作用。     

北京某三甲医院心脏外科医生职业倦怠与压力水平的关系

目的调查安贞医院心脏外科医生的职业倦怠状况,探讨职业倦怠与压力水平的关系。方法采用Maslach倦怠量表(MBI-GS)和职业压力指标问卷(OSI-2)中的压力源分量表对66名心脏外科医生进行调查。结果 47%的被试者有一定程度的情绪衰竭;39.4%的被试者有一定程度的情感疏远;10.6%的被试者职业效能感较低。年龄、受教育程度与心脏外科医生的职业倦怠相关(P<0.05);工作10～15年者职业倦怠程度显著高于其他人群;婚姻状况与职业倦怠无显著相关。工作负荷对情绪衰竭具有正相关作用;人际关系对情感疏远具有正相关作用;日常烦忧、管理角色对职业效能具有负相关作用。结论部分心脏外科医生有一定程度的职业倦怠;不同来源的压力源对职业倦怠的三个维度具有不同的影响作用。     

制鞋工人职业应激与工作疲竭感的关系

[目的]探讨制鞋工人职业应激与工作疲竭感的关系。[方法]以制鞋业农民工为研究对象,使用职业应激调查问卷、工作疲竭感问卷进行调查,采用Spearman等级相关分析和多元逐步回归法进行分析。[结果]女性情感耗竭和人格解体评分高于男性;低工龄组情感耗竭、人格解体和工作疲竭感评分高于高工龄组;未婚组情感耗竭、个人成就感和工作疲竭感评分高于其他组。职业紧张各因素与工作疲竭感的相关性分析显示,情感耗竭、个人成就感、工作疲竭感与技能、主管支持、同事支持呈负相关;工作疲竭感与决策权呈负相关;人格解体与主管支持呈负相关;情感耗竭、人格解体、工作疲竭感与工作心理需求、外在付出、内在投入呈正相关;个人疲竭感与回报呈负相关。工作疲竭感逐步回归分析显示,贡献因素为付出与回报比、内在投入;负面影响因素为工作自主和社会支持。[结论]职业应激对工作疲竭感具有一定影响,社会应关注农民工生存状况,提高其生活质量,减轻职业应激所导致的工作疲竭感。     

精神科护士工作倦怠与应对方式及工作压力源的关系研究

[目的]了解精神科护士工作倦怠、工作压力源及应对方式的现状,探讨三者之间的关系。[方法]采用中式工作倦怠问卷、护士工作压力源量表以及简易应对方式量表对143名精神科临床护士进行调查。用SPSS15.0进行数据处理。[结果]工作压力源的5个方面均与工作倦怠密切相关(P﹤0.01),且是影响精神科护士情感耗竭、人格解体及成就感降低的重要变量。积极应对与工作倦怠3个维度呈非常显著负相关(P﹤0.01),消极应对与工作倦怠3个维度呈非常显著正相关(P﹤0.01)。多元回归分析显示,积极应对与消极应对是精神科护士情感耗竭、人格解体及成就感降低的重要影响因素。应对方式作为工作压力源与工作倦怠间的调节和中介变量得到了部分验证。[结论]精神科护士工作倦怠现状比较严重。精神科护士工作压力源和应对方式均是影响其工作倦怠的重要因素。应对方式在工作压力源与工作倦怠中有显著的调节和中介作用。     

产科护士职业倦怠及工作投入的调查

目的 分析调查产科护士职业倦怠及工作投入情况。方法 2020年6—12月通过整群抽样方法选取该院20名产科护士,选择工作投入量表、职业倦怠量表、自制问卷开展问卷调查,对问卷调查结果进行总结分析。结果 全部20名产科护士的职业倦怠评分结果为：个体成就感、去人格化、情感耗竭评分分别为（35.61±6.59）、（17.06±4.29）、（40.38±6.35）分。工作投入评分结果为：活力、专注、奉献评分分别为（18.29±9.22）、（16.25±6.31）、（12.26±3.82）分。全部20名产科护士中,共17名护士出现职业倦怠,发生率为85.0%(17/20)。与其他收入组的产科护士相比较,月收入> 8 000元的产科护士的情感耗竭、去人格化以及个人成就感等职业倦怠评分明显低（P <0.05）,工作投入总分明显高（P <0.05）。与其他学历水平组的产科护士相比较,本科及以上学历水平的产科护士的情感耗竭、去人格化以及个人成就感等职业倦怠评分明显低（P <0.05）,工作投入总分明显高（P<0.05）。与其他年龄组的产科护士相比较,年龄≥41岁组的产科护士的...     

Burnout syndrome in health workers and relationship with personal and environmental factors

OBJECTIVES: High rates of professional burnout syndrome have been found among health service professionals. Our objective was to study the prevalence of burnout syndrome in hospital health workers and to determine its relationship with personal and environmental factors. METHODS: A total of 2290 health workers from five hospitals in the province of Girona (Spain) were invited to participate. Interviewees were given a specifically designed questionnaire, a questionnaire on organizational climate, and the Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which includes three scales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. RESULTS: Responses were received from 1095 health workers (a response rate of 47.8%). A high level of emotional exhaustion was found in 41.6% of staff members, especially among doctors and nurses; a high level of depersonalization was found in 23%, mainly among doctors, and reduced personal accomplishment was found in 27.9%, mainly among technicians and doctors. Multiple logistic regression revealed that a high level of emotional exhaustion was associated with frequent consumption of tranquilizers or antidepressants, whereas optimism and job satisfaction showed an inverse association. The variables that were inversely associated with a high level of depersonalization were the number of years in the profession, optimism, evaluation of work as being useful and the perception of being valued by others. Reduced personal accomplishment was also inversely associated with optimism, satisfaction with the usefulness of one's work, and satisfaction with teamwork. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the results obtained, to reduce professional burnout in hospitals, optimism and a sense of self-worth among individuals should be encouraged and the organizational environment should be improved.     

艾滋病医护人员工作压力源、应对方式与工作倦怠的关系

目的 了解艾滋病医护人员工作倦怠与工作压力源和应对方式的关系.方法 采用中式工作倦怠量表(CMBI),简易应对方武问卷(SCSQ)以及自编工作压力源问卷对342名艾滋病医护人员进行调查.结果 ①工作倦怠3个维度与工作压力源和应对方式的多个因素有显著相关关系(P＜ 0.05和0.01).②管理问题和职业风险的压力对情感耗竭以及职业风险对人格解体的预测作用均极其显著(P＜0.01);消极应对对于情感耗竭和人格解体具有显著正向预测作用(P＜ 0.01和0.05),而积极应对对成就感降低具有显著反向预测作用(P＜0.01).③Amos路径分析表明,职业风险的压力和消极应对方式直接影响情感耗竭和人格解体,人际排斥的压力直接影响成就感降低,而积极应对反向作用于成就感降低;消极应对在压力源和工作倦怠中起着部分的中介作用.结论 应当重视艾滋病医护人员的工作压力问题,指导他们使用积极的应对方式,以降低其工作倦怠水平,提高工作生活质量.     

广西护理人员职业枯竭状况调查分析

目的 分析广西护理人员的职业枯竭状况及其特征.方法 采用多阶段按比例分层整群系统抽样法,使用自编的职业枯竭量表对2 759名护理人员进行问卷调查.采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析.结果 学历越高的护理人员去人性化和低成就感因子分越高.一级医院护理人员的情绪衰竭因子分和职业枯竭总分最低,三级医院护理人员的各项分值均为最高.护龄≤10年的护理人员情绪衰竭因子分最低.内外妇儿科护理人员情绪衰竭、去人性化、低成就感因子分和职业枯竭总分均显著高于其他科室护理人员.结论 受教育程度、医院等级、护龄、不同科室的护理人员职业枯竭状况存在差异.     

The factors associated with the burnout syndrome and fatigue in Cypriot nurses: a census report

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Fatigue and burnout are two concepts often linked in the literature. However, regardless of their commonalities they should be approached as distinct concepts. The current and ever-growing reforms regarding the delivery of nursing care in Cyprus, stress for the development of ways to prevent burnout and effectively manage fatigue that can result from working in stressful clinical environments. METHODS: To explore the factors associated with the burnout syndrome in Cypriot nurses working in various clinical departments. A random sampling method taking into account geographical location, specialty and type of employment has been used. RESULTS: A total of 1,482 nurses (80.4% were females) working both in the private and public sectors completed and returned an anonymous questionnaire that included several aspects related to burnout; the MBI scale, questions related to occupational stress, and questions pertaining to self reported fatigue. Two-thirds (65.1%) of the nurses believed that their job is stressful with the majority reporting their job as stressful being female nurses (67.7%). Twelve point eight percent of the nurses met Maslach's criteria for burnout. The prevalence of fatigue in nurses was found 91.9%. The prevalence of fatigue was higher in females (93%) than in males (87.5%) (p=0.003). As opposed to the burnout prevalence, fatigue prevalence did not differ among the nursing departments (p=0.166) and among nurses with a different marital status (p=0.553). Burnout can be associated adequately knowing if nurses find their job stressful, their age, the level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. It has been shown that the fatigue may be thought of as a predictor of burnout, but its influence is already accounted by emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. CONCLUSION: The clinical settings in Cyprus appear as stress generating environment for nurses. Nurses working both in the private and public sector appear to experience low to severe burnout. Self-reported fatigue interferes to the onset of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.     

Burnout and psychological stress among deans of colleges of medicine: a national study

Psychological burnout may inhibit the ability of deans of colleges of medicine to effectively lead their organizations during periods of rapid change. The objective of this study was measure the prevalence and intensity of the psychological components of burnout and their correlates among deans of U.S. colleges of medicine. To do so, questionnaires that burnout, job stressors, personal support systems and job satisfaction were sent to deans of all U.S. colleges of medicine, and selected deans of nursing schools, and other academic health center leaders. Medical school deans exhibited a high prevalence of depersonalization (42.9% of respondents), emotional exhaustion (25.4%), and reduced personal accomplishment (27.0%). High levels of these subdomains and of overall burnout intensity significantly correlated with high levels of personal, job, and environmental stress; low levels of support or coping resources; high prevalence of physical and behavioral symptoms; and reduced job satisfaction. Deans of colleges of medicine frequently exhibit characteristics of burnout that may impede effective leadership. These characteristics are likely to intensify unless specific interventions are devised and implemented.     

某集成电路制造公司一线员工工作倦怠分析

[目的]了解某集成电路制造公司一线员工的工作倦怠状况。[方法]采用M aslach工作倦怠通用量表改进版(MB I-GS),对406名某集成电路制造公司一线员工进行问卷测量。[结果]被调查人群工作倦怠的情感衰竭维度3分者占53.1%;玩世不恭维度3分者占37.4%;成就感降低维度3分者占21.1%。工作倦怠水平在年龄、教育程度、婚姻因素上差异无统计学意义(P0.05),工作倦怠水平与工作年限呈正相关。[结论]某集成电路制造公司一线员工在情绪衰竭维度上存在较强的工作倦怠,在玩世不恭和个人成就感降低维度上尚不构成工作倦怠。