共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Wouter G. Wieringa Chris P.H. Lexis Erik Lipsic Hindrik W. van der Werf Johannes G.M. Burgerhof Vincent E. Hagens G. Louis Bartels Alexander Broersen Remco A. Schurer Eng-Shiong Tan Pim van der Harst Ad F.M. van den Heuvel Tineke P. Willems Gabija Pundziute 《Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography》2017,11(2):111-118
Background
In vitro studies have shown the feasibility of coronary lesion grading with computed tomography angiography (CTA), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) as compared to histology, whereas OCT had the highest discriminatory capacity.Objective
We investigated the ability of CTA and IVUS to differentiate between early and advanced coronary lesions in vivo, OCT serving as standard of reference.Methods
Multimodality imaging was prospectively performed in 30 NSTEMI patients. Plaque characteristics were assessed in 1083 cross-sections of 30 culprit lesions, co-registered among modalities. Absence of plaque, fibrous and fibrocalcific plaque on OCT were defined as early plaque, whereas lipid rich-plaque on OCT was defined as advanced plaque. Odds ratios adjusted for clustering were calculated to assess associations between plaque types on CTA and IVUS with early or advanced plaque.Results
Normal findings on CTA as well as on IVUS were associated with early plaque. Non-calcified, calcified plaques and the napkin ring sign on CTA were associated with advanced plaque. On IVUS, fatty and calcified plaques were associated with advanced plaque.Conclusions
In vivo coronary plaque characteristics on CTA and IVUS are associated with plaque characteristics on OCT. Of note, normal findings on CTA and IVUS relate to early lesions on OCT. Nevertheless, multiple plaque features on CTA and IVUS are related to advanced plaques on OCT, which may make it difficult to use qualitative plaque assessment in clinical practice. 相似文献2.
Prof. Dr. M. Essler MD J. Wantke B. Mayer K. Scheidhauer R.A. Bundschuh B. Haller S.T. Astner M. Molls N. Andratschke 《Strahlentherapie und Onkologie》2013,189(6):495-501
Purpose
To evaluate the diagnostic value of positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in stage I lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), who have suspicious or unclear local recurrence findings in CT 1 year after treatment.Patients and methods
A group of 29 patients with unclear or suspicious CT findings 1 year after SBRT were examined with PET/CT. The ability of standard uptake values (SUVmax, SUVmean and posttherapeutic reduction in SUV) to detect local failure and identify patients at a high risk of disease-specific death was evaluated using logrank statistics. Histology and clinical follow-up were the gold standards for local recurrence.Results
SUVmean greater than 3.44 (p?=?0.001); SUVmax greater than 5.48 (p?=?0.009) or a relative reduction in SUVmean or SUVmax of less than 43 (p?=?0.030) or 52?% (p?=?0.025), respectively, was indicative of local recurrence. These parameters also correlated with an increased risk of disease-specific death: SUVmean greater than 2.81 (p?=?0.023); SUVmax greater than 3.45 (p?=?0.007) or a relative reduction in SUVmean or SUVmax of less than 32 (p?=?0.015) or 52?% (p?=?0.013), respectively, was indicative of an increased risk of disease-specific death.Conclusion
PET/CT performed 1 year after SBRT can reliably identify local recurrence and therefore help to clarify unclear CT findings. As posttherapeutic glucose metabolism also correlates with disease-specific survival, PET/CT may help to stratify lung cancer patients for additional treatment 1 year after SBRT. 相似文献3.
OBJECTIVES: To determine if there is added value to oncology studies performed with a dedicated in-line positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanner as compared with PET read side by side with diagnostic CT (DCT). METHODS: Forty-one consecutive oncology patients referred for PET/CT who had contemporary DCT scans for review were enrolled. Body regions assessed on a DCT scan were assessed on PET/CT and by side-by-side reading of PET and DCT (SBS PET/DCT). Lesions identified on DCT, the CT portion of PET/CT, SBS PET/DCT, and the reading of fused PET/CT images were scored as benign or malignant. The PET portion of the PET/CT study was read by 2 teams: the first read the SBS PET/DCT scan and the other read the complete fused PET/CT scan. For discordant lesions, the final diagnosis was determined by pathologic findings (n = 6) or imaging follow-up (n = 21). RESULTS: Twenty-seven (16.1%) of the 168 lesions were discordant when comparing analysis of fused PET/CT and SBS PET/DCT. Sixteen (9.5%) were fundamentally discordant, and 11(6.6%) were discordant in degree of confidence. For all discordant lesions only, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy for PET/CT were 100%, 33%, 100%, 94%, and 78%, respectively, and for SBS PET/DCT, they were 38%, 50%, 19%, 73%, and 30%, respectively (P < 0.001 for sensitivity, P = not specific for specificity). The 2 main causes for misclassification on SBS PET/DCT were incorrect localization (n = 12) and changes occurring in the time gap between DCT and PET/CT (n = 4). CONCLUSIONS: In-line PET/CT offers better lesion localization in comparison to the visual fusion of PET and CT, especially for small lymph nodes, lesions adjacent to mobile organs, or lesions adjacent to the chest or abdominal wall. 相似文献
4.
A. K. M. Moinul Hossain Barry L. Shulkin Michael J. Gelfand Humayun Bashir Najat C. Daw Susan E. Sharp Helen R. Nadel Jeffrey S. Dome 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2010,37(7):1300-1308
Purpose
The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the utility of FDG PET/CT scanning in patients with Wilms’ tumors. 相似文献5.
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Behrendt FF Mahnken AH Keil S Das M Hohl C Bauer D Seidensticker P Jost E Wildberger JE Günther RW Mühlenbruch G 《European radiology》2008,18(6):1199-1205
The purpose of this study was to intraindividually evaluate the difference in intraluminal vessel and parenchyma contrast
enhancement of two different iodine concentrations in multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) of the abdomen. Eighty-three
patients underwent baseline and follow-up MDCT-scanning (Somatom Sensation 16; Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) of the abdomen
using contrast media containing 370 mg iodine/ml (protocol A; Ultravist 370, Bayer Schering Pharma, Berlin, Germany) and 300 mg
iodine/ml (protocol B; Ultravist 300). The total iodine load (37 g iodine) and the iodine delivery rate (1.29 g iodine/s)
were identical for both protocols. Contrast enhancement in the portal venous phase was measured in the abdominal aorta, inferior
vena cava, portal vein, liver, spleen, pancreas and kidney. Mean attenuation values were compared using paired t-test. Intraindividual comparison revealed no statistically significant differences of the mean attenuation values between
protocols A and B for all anatomic sites: abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, portal vein, liver, spleen, pancreas and kidney
(all P > 0.05). Given an injection protocol with constant total iodine load and constant iodine delivery rate, the iodine concentration
of contrast media does not significantly influence abdominal contrast enhancement in the portal venous phase. 相似文献
8.
Kimiteru Ito Ryogo Minamimoto Hiroyuki Yamashita Setsuko Yoshida Miyako Morooka Momoko Okasaki Akio Mimori Kazuo Kubota 《Annals of nuclear medicine》2013,27(3):209-216
Objective
Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG) is a relatively rare disease characterized by granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis that primarily involves small- and medium-sized vessels. Systemic findings observed on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) have not been well reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the FDG PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with WG.Materials and methods
Thirteen FDG PET/CT images obtained for 8 patients (2 men and 6 women) with WG were retrospectively analyzed. Of these, 6 were performed for diagnosis, 2 for restaging and follow-up, and 5 for assessment of treatment efficacy. Maximum standardized uptake values (max SUVs) and visual analyses were used to interpret the FDG PET/CT images. In addition, nonenhanced CT findings obtained during FDG PET/CT were described.Results
WG lesions of the upper respiratory tract and lung were more clearly detected by FDG PET/CT fusion imaging than by nonenhanced CT alone, and all of the active lesions showed decreased FDG uptake after treatment. In addition, FDG PET/CT can provide complementary information to indicate biopsy site based on FDG uptakes.Conclusions
FDG PET/CT is a feasible modality for evaluating lesion activities, therapeutic monitoring, and follow-up of WG. Furthermore, biopsy sites of WG lesions may be determined by FDG PET/CT. 相似文献9.
Treglia G Taralli S Calcagni ML Maggi F Giordano A Bonomo L 《Journal of computer assisted tomography》2011,35(3):387-393
10.
Nakamoto Y Nogami M Sugihara R Sugimura K Senda M Togashi K 《Annals of nuclear medicine》2011,25(2):93-99
Purpose
Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose is widely used for post-therapeutic surveillance of malignant lymphoma. Debate still exists as to whether intravenous contrast media during the CT stage of a PET/CT scan should be used. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of contrast agent in PET/CT in patients with lymphoma following treatment. 相似文献11.
Jiae Choi Jeong-Sik Yu Eun-Suk Cho Joo Hee Kim Jae-Joon Chung 《La Radiologia medica》2018,123(5):323-330
Purpose
To investigate the very long-term (> 5 years) follow-up changes of hepatic cavernous hemangiomas and to evaluate possible determinant factors for the changes.Materials and methods
Among 1115 consecutive patients suspected of having hepatic hemangiomas based on imaging features, 101 patients with comparable computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging data during a 5-year follow-up interval in the Picture Archiving and Communication System were analyzed. Two radiologists independently determined the largest dimension of each lesion on axial images. In addition to background liver fibrosis or steatosis on imaging, histories of use of chemotherapeutic agents were checked from the patients’ records. The final size change of the hemangioma was categorized into three groups compared with the initial diameter (increased, > 120%; no change, 80–120%; decreased, < 80%).Results
Among the 101 hemangiomas, 32 lesions (31.7%) were enlarged and 21 lesions (20.8%) were shrunken during intervals of 60–157 (median, 81) months. Younger patients showed a higher prevalence of lesion enlargement (mean age: enlarged, 47.3 years; no change, 52.8 years; shrunken, 57.1 years; p = 0.003). In 15 patients with cirrhosis, the lesions (shrunken, n = 7; enlarged, n = 1) showed a higher tendency of size decrease (p = 0.009), whereas other factors did not show statistical significance (p > 0.05). Only a minor proportion (1%, n = 1) of the lesions showed size fluctuation during follow-up.Conclusion
During the long-term (5–13 years) follow-up, about 50% of the hepatic hemangiomas were enlarged or shrunken to > 20% of the initial diameter. Aside from the cirrhosis and aging factors, the size changes seemed sporadic.12.
Miyake K Hayakawa K Nishino M Nakamura Y Morimoto T Urata Y Ueda H Tanikake M Kanao S Shiozaki T Yamamoto A 《Journal of computer assisted tomography》2005,29(6):772-779
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate enhancement effects of breast lesions with dynamic computed tomography (CT) and to determine characteristics to aid in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions. METHODS: One hundred seventy-six women underwent preoperative dynamic CT, in which they were scanned with rapid injection of contrast media (3 mL/s) after 30 seconds and 2 minutes (early and delayed phases, respectively). The CT values and enhancement patterns of malignant lesions (n = 154) were compared with those of benign lesions (n = 22), and the cut point of CT values with the best validity was analyzed. RESULTS: The CT values of malignant lesions were higher than those of benign lesions in both phases (P < 0.0001). The cut point was determined to be 60 Hounsfield units (HU) in the early phase (44% validity, 90% sensitivity). Washout and plateau patterns were more commonly seen in the malignant group (73% specificity). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of enhancement effects on CT may lead to more appropriate differentiation of benign and malignant lesions. 相似文献
13.
Stig A. Larsson Cathrine Jonsson Marco Pagani Lars Johansson Hans Jacobsson 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2000,27(2):131-139
A newly designed technique for experimental single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and positron emission tomography (PET)
data acquisition with minor disturbing effects from scatter and attenuation has been developed. In principle, the method is
based on discrete sampling of the radioactivity distribution in 3D objects by means of equidistant 2D planes. The starting
point is a set of digitised 2D sections representing the radioactivity distribution of the 3D object. Having a radioactivity-related
grey scale, the 2D images are printed on paper sheets using radioactive ink. The radioactive sheets can be shaped to the outline
of the object and stacked into a 3D structure with air or some arbitrary dense material in between. For this work, equidistantly
spaced transverse images of a uniform cylindrical phantom and of the digitised Hoffman rCBF phantom were selected and printed
out on paper sheets. The uniform radioactivity sheets were imaged on the surface of a low-energy ultra-high-resolution collimator
(4 mm full-width at half-maximum) of a three-headed SPET camera. The reproducibility was 0.7% and the uniformity was 1.2%.
Each rCBF sheet, containing between 8.3 and 80 MBq of 99mTcO4
– depending on size, was first imaged on the collimator and then stacked into a 3D structure with constant 12 mm air spacing
between the slices. SPET was performed with the sheets perpendicular to the central axis of the camera. The total weight of
the stacked rCBF phantom in air was 63 g, giving a scatter contribution comparable to that of a point source in air. The overall
attenuation losses were <20%. A second SPET study was performed with 12-mm polystyrene plates in between the radioactive sheets.
With polystyrene plates, the total phantom weight was 2300 g, giving a scatter and attenuation magnitude similar to that of
a patient study. With the proposed technique, it is possible to obtain ”ideal” experimental images (essentially built up by
primary photons) for comparison with ”real” images degraded by photon scattering and attenuation losses. The method can serve
as a tool for experimental validation and intercomparison of attenuation and scatter correction methods. Moreover, the large
flexibility of this phantom design will allow investigations of arbitrary activity distributions and autoradiography or other
imaging techniques such as PET, x-ray computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.
Received 8 August and in revised form 21 September 1999 相似文献
14.
Ekhlas Abdelmonem Ibrahem Nasr Shaban 《The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine》2018,49(1):196-201
Aims
The point of this research is to investigate the potential role of (18-F-FDG/PET) in the identification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its metastases.Patients and method
The present study was performed on 22 patients (15 newly diagnosed, 7 previously treated).18F-FDG was injected IV 1?h before the scan. Non-contrast-enhanced CT was performed trailed by PET in the same session. PET/CT scans were performed on (Philips Gemini-NM system). The whole study took around 20–30?min.Results
PET/CT revealed increased local liver tumor 18-F-FDG uptake in 13/17 of those patients (6 solitary uptakes and 7 multi-nodular uptakes). Primary tumor SUV max. extended from 3 to 11 (mean 6.1) and liver tumor background ratio (TBR) varied from 0.4 to 3 (mean 2.05). 18-F-FDG PET/CT showed extrahepatic metastasis in 6 newly diagnosed patients. It also showed local tumor recurrence in 4 treated patients; 3 of them with no metastasis and 1 previously treated patient had local recurrence and distant metastasis. PET/CT has 76.5% sensitivity, 60% specificity, 86.7% PPV, 42.9% NPV and 59% accuracy in defining HCC and its extrahepatic metastases.Conclusion
This study affirms the achievability of 18-F-FDG PET/CT for identification of primary HCC and its extrahepatic metastases. 相似文献15.
The aim of this study was to identify the classic autopsy signs of drowning in post-mortem multislice computed tomography
(MSCT). Therefore, the post-mortem pre-autopsy MSCT- findings of ten drowning cases were correlated with autopsy and statistically
compared with the post-mortem MSCT of 20 non-drowning cases. Fluid in the airways was present in all drowning cases. Central
aspiration in either the trachea or the main bronchi was usually observed. Consecutive bronchospasm caused emphysema aquosum.
Sixty percent of drowning cases showed a mosaic pattern of the lung parenchyma due to regions of hypo- and hyperperfused lung
areas of aspiration. The resorption of fresh water in the lung resulted in hypodensity of the blood representing haemodilution
and possible heart failure. Swallowed water distended the stomach and duodenum; and inflow of water filled the paranasal sinuses
(100%). All the typical findings of drowning, except Paltau’s spots, were detected using post-mortem MSCT, and a good correlation
of MSCT and autopsy was found. The advantage of MSCT was the direct detection of bronchospasm, haemodilution and water in
the paranasal sinus, which is rather complicated or impossible at the classical autopsy. 相似文献
16.
Several recently introduced 'new' techniques in computed tomography--iterative reconstruction, gated cardiac CT, multiple-source, and dual-energy CT--actually date back to the early days of CT. We review the historic origins and evolution of these techniques, which may provide some insight into the latest innovations in commercial CT systems. 相似文献
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J. Manhart J. Kozlowski D. Rentsch R. Kegler I. Lindner D. Meißner A. Büttner 《Rechtsmedizin》2016,26(3):230-236
Background
Assessment of bones, especially with respect to the question of species, individualization, gender and exposure time is an essential component of routine forensic work and involves recent as well as historical objects. Morphological and morphometric investigations allow at least a reasonable answer to these aspects; however, the identification of bones and skeletal findings often founders on a lack of knowledge of a presumed identity or methodological limitations. Findings can substantially contribute to an assessment of the historical context.Objective
Based on the planned excavation of a Messerschmitt Bf 109, which according to contemporary witnesses crashed in 1945, the possibilities and limitations of forensic osteological expertise are illustrated.Material and methods
The recovery of the aircraft wreck from earth contaminated by aviation fuel was carried by representatives of the German War Graves Commission (?Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge e. V.“). Subsequently, a forensic osteological assessment of skeletal fragments and evaluation of accompanying objects were carried out. Furthermore, chemical toxicological investigations of biological materials, accompanying objects and the surrounding environment as well as DNA analytical investigations on selected bones were carried out.Results
The investigations showed these were parts of a young male skeleton with deformation of the ribs as well as fractures of the spine and extremities. The cause of death was consistent with a high speed trauma (aircraft crash) without recognizable heat damage. A complete DNA profile of a male person could be achieved, despite the skeletal parts being saturated with aviation fuel.Conclusion
Despite many indications (e.g. identification tag, aircraft type, accompanying findings and DNA profile) and presumed identity, an identification could not be achieved due to a lack of reference materials. Noteworthy was the complete DNA profile despite, or perhaps because of, fuel-saturated bones.19.
Mostafa S. Ashmawy Ibrahim Yamany Ashraf Abou-Khalaf Mary M. Farid Mohamed Rady 《The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine》2018,49(1):60-65
Objectives
Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were compared regarding their ability to detect vertical root fractures.Methods
Sixty four extracted posterior teeth were included in this study. Using a diamond disc, thirty six teeth were cut vertically to simulate a VRF. Twenty eight teeth were used as control. Fractured and non-fractured teeth were randomly positioned in 4 skulls and mandibles. Scanning was performed first on a 16 slice Siemens MDCT, then by i-CAT Next Generation CBCT. Two observers assessed the multiplanar images for vertical root fractures using a 3-point scale. The first observer repeated the assessment after 1?week. Later, the 2 observers re-assessed the images together to reach a consensus score.Results
CBCT showed higher sensitivity, accuracy as well as negative predictive value compared to MDCT. The mean area under the curve was 0.917 for MDCT and 0.972 for CBCT. The difference in diagnostic accuracy between the 2 modalities was statistically significant P?=?.036. Inter-observer agreement was 0.971 for MDCT and 0.994 for CBCT, whereas intra-observer agreement was 0.981 for MDCT and 0.985 for CBCT.Conclusion
Using the specified scanners at the specified exposure parameters, the diagnostic accuracy of CBCT in detecting vertical root fractures was significantly higher than MDCT. 相似文献20.