电解可脱性弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤(附11例报告)

目的探讨颅内动脉瘤应用电解可脱性弹簧圈(GDC)经血管内治疗的新方法.方法11例病人均行DSA全脑血管造影,明确动脉瘤的部位与载瘤动脉的关系,行可脱性弹簧圈治疗栓塞.结果11例中除1例动脉瘤较大用3枚电解弹簧圈闭塞外,其余均用1枚就完全闭塞动脉瘤腔,并保留了载瘤动脉的通畅.结论应用GDC经血管内闭塞颅内动脉瘤,安全、便捷、见效快.     

颅内动脉瘤的可脱性球囊栓塞治疗

目的：探讨可脱性球囊在颅内动脉瘤介入治疗中的价值及缺点,并探讨不同大小动脉瘤的栓塞技巧。方法：20例动脉瘤患者中,小动脉瘤8例（12mm）,大动脉瘤7例（12－25mm）,巨大动脉瘤5例（＞25mm）。15例患者行动脉瘤腔内直接栓塞治疗,6例行载瘤动脉闭塞。结果：14个采用球囊行瘤腔内栓塞的动脉瘤中,3个月后DSA随访,10个动脉瘤被完全栓塞,4个动脉瘤部分栓塞。6例采用球囊行载瘤动脉闭塞的动脉瘤患者,3个月DSA随访皆未见动脉瘤显影。结论：颅内大动脉瘤或巨大动脉瘤的可脱性球囊瘤腔内直接栓塞治疗是一种行之有效的治疗方法,外科不能手术或行瘤腔内直接栓塞治疗难度较大的某些动脉瘤,载瘤动脉的闭塞治疗仍不失为一种有效的治疗方法。     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的 总结血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤经验。方法 股动脉Seldinger穿刺,先后应用MagicBD,Tracker-16,Tracker-10和Cordis 3F/2.5F微导管,送入球囊、不同长度的国产、进口游离微弹簧圈,配用MDS、GDC系统送入不同长度微弹簧圈、治疗颅内动脉海绵窦段动脉瘤5例、后交通动脉瘤1例、颈内动脉C2段动脉瘤3例、椎动脉颅内段动脉瘤3例、大脑后动脉瘤P2段动脉瘤1例,治疗颅内动脉C3－4段假性动脉瘤5例。结果 本组无1例死亡。球囊闭塞颈内动脉海绵窦段动脉瘤5例均痊愈,无并发症;微弹簧圈栓塞治疗动脉瘤栓塞达100％者9例、95％者2例,其中1例因血管痉挛遗留轻瘫,1例因MDS到位后不能顺利解脱导致部分脱垂于颈内动脉和大脑中动脉2cm,遗留轻瘫;5例假性动脉瘤完全治愈;闭塞载瘤动脉及动脉瘤的2例椎动脉完全治愈。结论 颈内动脉海绵窦段动脉瘤只要前、后交通动脉侧支循环代偿良好,可脱球囊闭塞载瘤动脉是安全有效的。微弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤是一种有发展前途的治疗方法。     

电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤相关问题的探讨

目的　总结使用电解可脱性弹簧圈 (GDC)栓塞颅内动脉瘤时旋转DSA的应用及GDC操作要点。方法　对 38例共 4 0个颅内动脉瘤常规行旋转DSA检查 ,动脉瘤直径 4～ 2 5mm ,平均(12 5 1± 5 37)mm。瘤体直径 <12mm的小动脉瘤 2 9个 ,12～ 2 5mm的大动脉瘤 11个。术前Hunt Hess分级Ⅰ～Ⅳ级分别是 2 6例、8例、3例、1例。随后使用GDC栓塞治疗。结果　 37例 39个颅内动脉瘤栓塞成功 ,1例死亡。完全栓塞 (>95 % ) 2 2个 ,大部分栓塞 (80 %～ 95 % ) 12个 ,部分栓塞(<79% ) 5个。并发动脉瘤破裂 2例 ,治疗后痊愈。并发脑动脉痉挛 6例 ,治疗后 2例遗留轻偏瘫和单瘫。 2例弹簧圈部分遗留于动脉瘤外 ,经抗凝治疗未发生并发症。 2例复发再次栓塞后痊愈。结论GDC栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤是 1种安全、可靠、有效的治疗方法。合理应用旋转DSA技术、熟练的GDC操作可提高诊断的准确性及治疗的安全性     

前交通动脉瘤的栓塞治疗

目的　总结 2 62例前交通动脉瘤栓塞治疗的经验。方法　均采用电解可脱卸弹簧圈(guglielmidetachablecoil,GDC)作动脉瘤内栓塞治疗。对双侧A1正常者应用双侧颈动脉置管技术监测栓塞术中载瘤动脉通畅情况 ,对瘤颈累及双侧A2者采用微导管微导丝辅助技术保持载瘤动脉通畅。发生术中出血者予弹簧圈继续栓塞 ,发生术中血栓形成者予尿激酶溶栓。 3 4例颅内多发动脉瘤均同次手术治愈。结果　动脉瘤完全闭塞 160例 ,>90 %闭塞 5 6例 ,<90 %闭塞 4 6例。术中因过度栓塞造成载瘤动脉闭塞 10例 ,术后脑梗死 16例。术中发生血栓形成 3例 ,经溶栓后恢复通畅。术后死于肺部并发症 1例 ,植物生存 1例。随访 190例 ,3～ 6个月行DSA/MRA复查 ,动脉瘤复发行 2次栓塞 8例 ,复发经手术治愈 1例 ,其余治疗结果稳定。结论　GDC栓塞治疗前交通动脉瘤效果好。采用微导管 /微导丝辅助技术可提高致密栓塞率和减少脑梗死并发症发生     

颅内动脉瘤电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞术后随访观察

目的　评价颅内动脉瘤电解可脱性弹簧圈 (GDC)栓塞治疗的中、远期疗效。方法　采用GDC栓塞 131例共 134枚颅内动脉瘤 ,其中前交通动脉瘤 39枚 ,后交通动脉瘤 4 5枚 ,颈内动脉虹吸段动脉瘤 19枚 ,大脑中动脉瘤 14枚 ,大脑前动脉瘤 3枚 ,后循环动脉瘤 9枚 ,其他部位 5枚。宽颈动脉瘤 (瘤颈宽度 >4mm或瘤体颈比率 <2 ) 39枚 ,狭颈动脉瘤 79枚 ,瘤颈显示不清者 16枚。栓塞术后 15个月内随访DSA ,以与栓塞后即时DSA比较其变化。结果　在 39枚宽颈动脉瘤和 79枚狭颈动脉瘤中 ,完全、近完全闭塞者分别为 30枚 (76 92 % )和 75枚 (94 94 % ) ,两者差异有非常显著性意义(χ2 =8 6 4 3,P <0 0 1)。栓塞后即时完全、近完全闭塞的 118枚动脉瘤中 ,术后不同时期随访DSA显示均无变化 ;栓塞后即时部分疏松填塞的 16枚动脉瘤中 ,随访DSA显示动脉瘤缩小者 3枚 ,无变化者4枚 ,再开放扩大者 9枚。结论　GDC致密、完全栓塞颅内动脉瘤的近、中期疗效肯定 ,但定期随访行DSA检查是必要的 ,尤其是部分疏松填塞者 ,对于复发的病例 ,可再行GDC栓塞     

可解脱弹簧圈结合游离纤毛铂金弹簧圈栓塞大型颅内动脉瘤

目的 探讨可解脱弹簧圈结合游离纤毛铂金弹簧圈栓塞颅内大型动脉瘤的安全性和有效性。方法 可解脱弹簧圈结合游离纤毛铂金弹簧圈栓塞颅内大型动脉瘤4例，动脉瘤直径14～21mm，首先用可解脱弹簧圈在动脉瘤内成篮，然后用游离纤毛铂金弹簧圈进行篮内填塞，最后再用可解脱弹簧圈进行瘤体及瘤颈的致密栓塞。结果 3个动脉瘤获得完全致密栓塞，1个动脉瘤有瘤颈残留。临床随访3～12个月，无出血及脑缺血性事件发生。结论 可解脱弹簧圈结合游离纤毛铂金弹簧圈是一种可选的栓塞颅内大型动脉瘤安全、有效的方法。     

电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤45例临床分析

目的探讨应用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床价值。方法 45例颅内动脉瘤的患者,36例并发蛛网膜下腔出血,9例为未破裂动脉瘤;所有患者于全麻下行可脱性弹簧圈栓塞术,术后造影评价栓塞效果。结果 45例颅内动脉瘤均成功栓塞,其中100%栓塞35个,95%栓塞6个,90%栓塞4个。1例术中动脉瘤破裂,1例术后1周再次破裂出血,1例术后脑梗死死亡。结论应用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤疗效确切,具有微创、安全、效果可靠等优点。     

颅内巨大或大型动脉瘤的血管内治疗:三种技术的比较

目的评价可脱卸球囊、可脱卸弹簧圈和颅内覆膜支架治疗颅内巨大动脉瘤的疗效。方法收集资料完整的经血管内治疗的颅内巨大动脉瘤20例,其中球囊/弹簧圈闭塞载瘤动脉9例,可脱卸弹簧圈动脉瘤腔填塞8例,覆膜支架治疗3例,另有2例为经弹簧圈瘤腔栓塞治疗后复发,行覆膜支架治疗。随访9～83个月,平均(41.1±25.3)个月。术后即刻血管造影结果评价标准为：动脉瘤完全闭塞(100%),大部闭塞(95%～99%)和部分闭塞(＜95%)。随访血管造影结果评价标准为：不变、血栓形成和再开放。结果所有动脉瘤血管内治疗均获得成功,无并发症。术后即刻血管造影显示动脉瘤完全闭塞11例,大部闭塞7例,部分闭塞2例,其中1例部分闭塞患者术后7 d再出血死亡。19例健在患者最终血管造影显示：动脉瘤完全闭塞15例,大部闭塞3例,部分闭塞1例。19例中,10例载瘤动脉保持通畅。长期临床随访结果显示11例患者的临床症状消失,8例改善。结论动脉瘤腔可脱卸弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉巨大动脉瘤的完全闭塞率低且再通率高;可脱卸球囊或弹簧圈闭塞载瘤动脉治疗动脉瘤完全闭塞率高但牺牲载瘤动脉,有潜在或短暂的脑缺血事件发生;覆膜支架治疗操作简单、安全,且可保持载瘤动脉通畅。     

颅内动脉瘤的介入放射治疗

目的：分析２０例颅内囊状动脉瘤微弹簧圈和可脱球囊栓塞治疗方法、结果、技术特点、弹簧圈理化特性和并发症处理等。材料和方法：１７例囊状动脉瘤采用微弹簧圈栓塞，３例采用球囊栓塞。１５例颈动脉穿刺入路，途径短，成功率高。５例股动脉穿刺入路。结果：栓塞后动脉瘤完全闭塞，载瘤动脉通畅１４例；动脉瘤栓塞９０％，载瘤动脉通畅３例；动脉瘤同时与载瘤动脉完全闭塞３例。２０例颅内囊状动脉瘤栓塞后３个月随诊无一例死亡和发生栓塞并发症；动脉瘤闭塞９０％的３例，ＤＳＡ证实动脉瘤完全消失。结论：介入放射治疗颅内动脉瘤效果良好，能保持载瘤动脉通畅而达到不开颅治愈病人的目的。     

微弹簧圈血管内介入治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的总结颅内动脉瘤血管内介入治疗的经验,探讨微弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤的技巧、效果及相关并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析我院介入治疗颅内动脉瘤31例,32个动脉瘤的临床资料,其中单纯用弹簧圈栓塞25例,宽颈动脉瘤球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞4例,支架结合弹簧圈栓塞1例,载瘤动脉闭塞1例。结果栓塞程度:致密栓塞27例,疏松栓塞3例,闭塞载瘤动脉1例;术中动脉瘤破裂3例,术后完全康复22例,不同程度神经功能障碍8例,死亡1例。结论电解脱弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤,具有微创、安全、效果可靠等优点。选择合适的技术和方法,对提高栓塞率,减少并发症具有重要的意义。     

Diagnostic accuracy of 3D time-of-flight MR angiography compared with digital subtraction angiography for follow-up of coiled intracranial aneurysms: influence of aneurysm size

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 3D time-of-flight MR angiography (3D TOF MRA) may be used as noninvasive alternative to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for the follow-up of patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). We aimed to determine the influence of aneurysm size and location on diagnostic accuracy of 3D TOF MRA for follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with GDCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and one 3D TOF MRAs in 127 consecutive patients with 136 aneurysms were compared with DSA as standard of reference. Sensitivity and specificity of 3D TOF MRA for detection of residual or reperfusion of the aneurysms was calculated with regard to aneurysm size and location. RESULTS: Overall sensitivity and specificity of MRA was 88.5% and 92.9%, respectively. Sensitivity was lower for aneurysms 相似文献   

Three-dimensional packing with complex orbit coils for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is too often associated with aneurysm recurrence due to coil compaction. High packing of coils prevents compaction. To increase the packing attenuation, we sought to evaluate the results of selective embolization of aneurysms with complex-shaped coils alone. METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients with an intracranial aneurysm were treated by selective embolization. There were 12 women and eight men, with a mean age of 48 years. Fourteen patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage, whereas six were asymptomatic. Mean size of aneurysms was 5 mm (range, 3-11 mm). In all cases, we tried to pack the aneurysm with complex coils only (Orbit, Cordis, Miami Lakes, FL), delivered in a concentric fashion. Remodeling technique was used in two cases of wide-neck aneurysms. Clinical and anatomic outcome were assessed by using the modified Glasgow outcome scale and 6-month MR angiography (MRA). RESULTS: From two to five complex coils were delivered within the aneurysms. Occlusion by using complex coils alone was successful in 16 patients, and resulted in 14 complete occlusions and two neck remnants. In four patients, additional helical Orbit coils or Guglielmi detachable coils were required to complete aneurysm obliteration. No technical complication occurred, and clinical outcome was excellent in 14 cases and good in two. Follow-up MRAs were obtained in all patients and showed only one slight recanalization. CONCLUSIONS: Intracranial aneurysms may be treated by selective embolization with complex coils only. Imaging follow-up at 6 months shows a low rate of coil compaction.     

Intracranial aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils: usefulness of 6-month imaging follow-up with contrast-enhanced MR angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to assess the utility of contrast-enhanced MR angiography at 6 months after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils. METHODS: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography was performed in 47 patients at 6 and 12 months after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms (48 aneurysms). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was used as reference and was performed at 12 months after the treatment in all patients. MR angiographs were analyzed independently by two senior radiologists. DSA and MR angiography findings were assigned into one of three categories: complete obliteration, residual neck, or residual aneurysm. RESULTS: All examinations were assessable. Interobserver agreement was judged as very good for contrast-enhanced MR angiography (kappa=0.96), with one discrepancy between examiners. Comparison between MR angiography at 6 months and DSA at 12 months showed an excellent agreement between techniques (kappa=0.93). Two cases of complete occlusion at DSA were misclassified as a residual neck at 6-month MR angiography. All aneurysm recanalizations at DSA already were detected on MR angiography at 6 months. The size of aneurysm recanalization did not increase between both MR angiographs performed at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography after selective embolization of intracranial aneurysm seems to predict properly early aneurysm recanalizations.     

电解可脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的：分析应用电解可脱卸弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床效果。方法：6例因蛛网膜下腔出血或其它神经系统症状入住我科的病人，经CT或(和)MR以及DSA检查证实为颅内动脉瘤，其中左侧后交通动脉3例，右侧后交通动脉1例，前交通动脉1例，C2段1例。瘤体直径在5．0-20．0mm之间。在神经安定 局麻下行动脉瘤栓塞术。先作载瘤动脉造影，明确动脉瘤的大小、形状、体／颈比以及与载瘤动脉的关系。再将微导管和微导丝塑型为相应的形状后经导引导管送至动脉瘤腔中部，选择合适的GDC进行填塞，直至致密填塞。结果：全部病人均一次性栓塞治疗成功，技术成功率为100％。栓塞后即刻行脑血管造影显示动脉瘤腔填塞满意，填充程度均在95％以上。全部病人均无再次出血和并发症产生。结论：GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤是安全、有效和微创的治疗手段。     

电解可脱性微弹簧圈血管内栓塞颅内动脉瘤的临床研究

目的 总结以电解可脱性弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的技术要点、并发症及其防治经验，并客观评价其治疗效果。方法 对136例颅内动脉瘤患者采用经皮股动脉穿刺行全脑选择性血管造影术，应用电解可脱性弹簧圈进行动脉瘤囊内栓塞；术后早期处理出血并有效的对症治疗。结果 成功栓塞136个动脉瘤，132例痊愈，4例死亡，病死率2．9％。动脉瘤腔100％闭塞者123个，95％闭塞者8个，90％闭塞者5个。术中并发动脉瘤破裂3例，脑血管痉挛7例；术后2例弹簧圈末端逸出。3例复发者经二次补充栓塞而治愈。全组出现与栓塞技术相关的并发症13例。术后随访6～54个月均无再出血。结论 对颅内动脉瘤采用电解可脱性弹簧圈进行血管内囊内栓塞疗效可靠；早期诊断、早期治疗、正确处理术中并发症、提高栓塞技术及积极有效的术后处理是减少术后并发症、提高治愈率的重要方法。     

Clinical benefits of rotational 3D angiography in endovascular treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysm

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent neurointerventional and neurosurgical technologies require an understanding of lesions and adjacent structures in three dimensions. To clarify the clinical benefits of rotational 3D digital subtraction angiography (DSA), we retrospectively analyzed its advantages and disadvantages at the time of interventional procedures for ruptured cerebral aneurysms. METHODS: From January 1998 through September 2000, 85 patients with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm were treated with Guglielmi detachable coils in the acute phase. Data for the patients treated before availability of 3D DSA (group A, 52 patients) were compared with data for patients treated after availability of 3D DSA (group B, 33 patients). Variables analyzed were age, sex, location of aneurysm, size of aneurysm, number of implanted coils, number of DSA exposures, and total amount of contrast medium used. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences between the groups were noted when we compared the age, sex, aneurysm location, aneurysm size, and number of implanted coils. The number of DSA exposures was decreased in total by using 3D DSA (P <.0001), not only to determine the working projection (P <.0001) but also during the procedure (P <.0002). However, no statistically significant difference was noted in the comparison of total amount of contrast medium. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional DSA allows acquisition of high-quality 3D images of cerebral arteries and also allows observation and analysis from multiple directions to determine the appropriate working projection for embolization. Three-dimensional DSA is essential for optimal diagnosis and embolization of cerebral aneurysms and can reduce the number of exposures.     

Three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography for evaluation of intracranial aneurysms after endosaccular packing with Guglielmi detachable coils: comparison with 3D digital subtraction angiography

The sensitivities and specificities of three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography (3D-TOF MRA) and 3D digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) were compared for evaluation of cerebral aneurysms after endosaccular packing with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). Thirty-three patients with 33 aneurysms were included in this prospective study. 3D-TOF MRA and 3D-DSA were performed in the same week on all patients. Maximal intensity projection (MIP) and 3D reconstructed MRA images were compared with 3D-DSA images. The diameters of residual/recurrent aneurysms detected on 3D-DSA were calculated on a workstation. In 3 (9%) of 33 aneurysms, 3D-TOF MRA did not provide reliable information due to significant susceptibility artifacts on MRA. The sensitivity and specificity rates of MRA were 72.7 and 90.9%, respectively, for the diagnosis of residual/recurrent aneurysm. The diameters of residual/recurrent aneurysms that could not be detected by MRA were significantly smaller than those of detected aneurysms (mean 1.1 vs mean 2.3 mm). In one aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA), the relationship between the residual aneurysm and the ACoA was more evident on MRA than DSA images. MRA can detect the recurrent/residual lumen of aneurysms treated with GDCs of up to at least 1.8 mm in diameter. 3D-TOF MRA is useful for follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with GDCs, and could partly replace DSA.     

全麻下GDC栓塞动脉瘤术中破裂的诊断及防治

目的　研究在全麻下颅内动脉瘤GDC栓塞术中破裂的诊断特点 ,提出防治对策。方法　分析 5例患者颅内动脉瘤栓塞术中破裂的影像变化、体征及处理。结果　 3例患者在破裂时见血压突然上升 ,心率减慢 ,脑循环时间延长。其中 1例见造影剂外漏。立即中和肝素 ,继续用GDC填塞至动脉瘤不再显影。 2例术后行脑室穿刺引流。 1例恢复良好 ,1例死亡。另 1例行血肿清除术 ,术后重度残疾。其余 2例由于临床没有变化 ,无特殊处理 ,术后患者恢复良好。结论　GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤术中要严密观察影像学和患者的变化 ,及时发现动脉瘤破裂 ,并正确处理