福建汉族慢性粒细胞性白血病患者HLA-DRB1基因分析

目的　探讨HLA DRB1基因多态性与慢性粒细胞性白血病 (CML)的关联。　方法　聚合酶链反应 序列特异引物 (PCR SSP)方法对 33例CML患者 (实验组 )和 10 4例健康志愿者 (对照组 )的HLA DRB1基因进行分型并分析HLA DRB1基因在二组间的分布。　结果　与对照组相比 ,CML患者的HLA DRB1 0 9的基因频率明显增高 ,RR =3 14 ,χ2 =7 82 ,P <0 0 1,其他等位基因频率在实验组与对照组间差异无显著性。　结论　福建汉族人群中HLA DRB1 0 9与慢性粒细胞性白血病有关联。     

云南汉族与链珠菌感染有关银屑病患者HLA-DR易感基因研究(摘要)

用多聚酶链反应技术及序列特异性引物 (PCR -SSP)对 36例咽部致病性链球菌培养阳性银屑病患者进行HLA-DR基因分型 ,并与 2 8例云南汉族正常人HLA -DR分型结果比较 .发现银屑病患者HLA -DR基因频率比正常人显著增高 (72 2 2 % ;7 14 % ,P <0 0 1,RR =33 80 ) ,HLA -DR 15基因频率也增高 (5 5 5 5 % ;14 2 8% ,P <0 0 1,RR =7 5 0 ) ;2 0例DR15阳性患者有 19例与DR7连锁 ,而正常组无 1例是DR 7与DR15连锁 .提示与链球菌感染有关云南汉族银屑病易感基因与HLA -DR 7及DR15关联 ,推测这两个位点的等位基因连锁以共同对链…     

支气管哮喘HLA-DRB1等位基因分析

目的 :用分子生物学的方法探讨HLA DRB1 等位基因与免疫遗传的关系。方法 :应用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应 (PCR SSP)基因分型方法鉴定HLA DRB1 与天津地区支气管哮喘 (asthmaAS)的相关性。结果 :表明支气管哮喘患者的DR3 较健康对照明显升高 (11 76 %vs3 33% ,χ2 =4 2 5 ,P<0 0 5 ) ;而DR6(1 3 ) 在支气管哮喘患者中虽有升高 ,但无统计学意义 (8 82 %vs 4 44 % ,χ2 =1 2 5 ,P >0 0 5 ) ;支气管患者DR2 (1 5) 频率明显降低 (5 88%vs 16 6 7% ,χ2 =4 2 6 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论 :表明DR3 与支气管哮喘易感性呈正相关 ,而DR2 (1 5) 与支气管哮喘抗性相关     

广东汉族人群HLA-ABDR基因频率分析

目的　检测广东汉族人群HLA -A ,B ,DRB1基因频率 ,分析该人群HLA等位基因多态性及其特点。方法　肾移植、骨髓移植供者 4 0 4例 ,抗凝血提取DNA ,半量全自动PCR -RSSO分型检测HLA -A ,B ,DRB1基因型。结果　在中分辨水平检出HLA -A等位基因 15个 ,HLA -B等位基因 31个 ,HLA -DRB1等位基因 13个。广东汉族人群HLA -A 11(0 .3342 ) ,A 0 2 (0 . 30 87) ,A 2 4 (0 . 2 2 16 ) ;HLA -B 6 0 (0 16 81) ,B 4 6 (0 . 16 81) ;HLA-DRB1 0 9(0. 175 5 ) , DRB1 15 (0 .14 90 ) ,DRB1 12 (0 . 1192 ) ,DRB1 14 (0 1192 ) ,DRB1 0 4 (0 .10 6 7)具有较高的基因频率分布 (>0. 10 )。Hardy -Weinberg平衡检验 :HLA -A(χ2 =6 0 .35 ,υ =5 4 ,P >0 1) ,B(χ2 =173. 6 7,υ =4 6 5 ,P >0 . 1) ,DRB1(χ2 =78. 4 6 ,υ =78,P >0 . 5 ) ,期望值和观察值吻合良好。结论　广东汉族群体HLA基因具有较为丰富的多态性 ,该人群HLA -A、B、DRB1等位基因处于遗传平衡状态 ,其基因频率分布具有地区性遗传特征。     

湖南汉族群体HLA-DR2等位基因多态性与系统性红斑狼疮的相关性研究

以HLA DRB基因类扩增为参照 ,通过HLA DR2组特异性扩增确定HLA DR2携带者 ,PCR/SSP作亚型分型 ,并用银染PCR/SSCP分析HLA DR2等位基因第二外显子单链构像 ,调查湖南地区汉族群体SLE(系统性红斑狼疮 )患者 5 8例和健康对照 5 9例HLA DR2等位基因分布。结果示 ,HLA DR2与SLE相关 (RR =2 .71,P <0 .0 1) ,HLA DRB1 15 0 1为疾病相关等位基因 (RR =3 .10 ,Pc <0 .0 5 ) ,该群体中检出的另外两种亚型DRB1 15 0 2 ,160 2在两组间频率分布差异无显著性。此外 ,PCR/SSCP分析表明湖南汉族HLA DR2等位基因在第二外显子内不存在其他序列变异。     

HLA-DRB1基因多态性与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病易感性的关联

目的 探讨儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（儿童－ALL）易感笥与HLA－DRB1基因多态性的关联性，找出儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病的易感基因。方法 采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应（PCR－SSP）DNA分型技术对30例儿童－ALL患者及53便健康对照进行了HLA－DRB1基因分型。结果 儿童－ALL患者与HLA－DRB1＊15基因关联，基因频率为25．0％，RR＝3．08，x^2＝5．56，P＜0．025。其他等位基因频率与对照组之间无显著性差异。结论 提示在华北汉族人群中，HLA－DRB1＊15与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病有关联。     

湖南汉族白血病与HLA-A、B、DRB1基因的相关性研究

目的 探讨湖南汉族白血病与HLA-A、B、DRB1基因的相关性.方法 应用PCR/SSP方法对湖南汉族等待骨髓移植的105例慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)、25例急性淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)和48例急性非淋巴细胞性白血病(ANLL)患者进行HLA-A、B、DRB1基因分型,并以3664例湖南汉族无关健康个体的造血干细胞HLA分型资料作为正常对照.结果 CML患者B58、DR12、DR14基因袁型频率明显高于对照组,RR分别为6.1287、1.6519、1.6479:ALL患者B58基因表型频率明显高于对照组.RR为7.4055;ANLL患者B58、DR8基因表型频率明显高于对照组.RR分别为13.9789、2.2839;ANLL患者A24基因表型频率明显低于对照组,RR为0.4012.结论 HLA-B58、DR12、DR14可能是CML的易感基因;HLA-B58可能是ALL的易感基因;HLA-B58、DR8可能是ANLL的易感基因,而HLA-A24可能是ANLL的保护基因.     

HLA-DRB1基因多态性与慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的相关性研究

目的研究HLA-DRB1等位基因与HBV感染慢性化的相关性。方法用PCR-SSP方法对陕西地区汉族慢性乙肝患者108例与正常对照108人以及慢性乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者32人进行HLA—DRB1等位基因分型比较，并进行HLA-DRB1等位基因分型与HBV复制状态相关性分析。结果陕西地区汉族人HLA—DRB1等位基因以DR-B1＊04（16．2％），DRB1＊09（12．5％），DRB1＊12（11．6％），DR-B1＊15（13．4％）最为常见；病例组HLA—DRB1＊03的等位基因频率（10．6％）明显高于健康对照组（3．7％），（OR=3．10；P〈0．05）；HLA—DKB1＊07等位基因频率病例组（17．6％）明显高于健康对照组（9．3%，（OR=2．09；P〈0．05）；DRB1＊07基因位点在HBV高复制状态多见（OR=2．22；P〈0．05）。结论HLA—DRB1＊03、HLA—DRB1＊07与陕西地区汉族人HBV感染后的慢性化相关联。该研究提示HLA-Ⅱ类基因与HBV感染慢性化有关联。     

山东省急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因多态性研究

目的:研究山东省汉族急性淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)患儿与等位基因HLA-A、B、DRB1的多态性的遗传关联。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针(PCR-SSO)方法,对197例ALL患儿和5841例健康脐带血样本等位基因HLA-A、B、DRB1多态性进行研究。结果:在等位基因HLA-A、B、DRB1中,ALL患儿的A11和A24;B40、B15、B56、B67和B27;DR9、DR12、DR14和DR16等基因的基因频率显著高于正常人群(P<0.01)。而HLA-B48、DR7和DR15等基因的基因频率显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:基因HLA-A11、A24、B40、B15、B56、B67、B27、DR9、DR12、DR14、DR16对ALL患儿有遗传易感作用,尤其是B40与ALL具有强相关性;而基因HLA-B48、DR7、DR15等对ALL患儿有遗传拮抗作用。     

HLA等位基因DRB1*0301和DQB1*0602与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的关系

①目的　探讨山东沿海地区自身免疫性甲状腺疾病 (AITDs)的发病与HLA DRB1 0 30 1、DQB1 0 6 0 2等位基因的相关性。②方法　应用多聚酶链反应 序列特异性引物 (PCR SSP)技术 ,对已确诊的Graves病(GD) 90例、桥本甲状腺炎 (HT) 4 3例和正常对照 90例 ,扩增其HLA等位基因DRB1 0 30 1、DQB1 0 6 0 2的目的DNA片段 ,分析两对等位基因在不同人群中表达频率的差异。③结果　山东沿海地区GD和HT病人DRB1 0 30 1等位基因频率均显著高于对照组 (χ2 =4 .6 2 4、5 .0 0 3,P <0 .0 5 ) ;而DQB1 0 6 0 2等位基因频率均显著低于对照组 (χ2 =1 1 .2 0 4、6 .970 ,P <0 .0 1 )。④结论　HLA DRB1 0 30 1可能是山东沿海地区GD和HT的易感基因 ,而DQB1 0 6 0 2可能是山东沿海地区GD和HT的保护基因     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.