尺骨鹰嘴骨折两种治疗方法的疗效比较

目的比较尺骨近端解剖钢板并加压螺钉和普通克氏针钢丝张力带治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折的疗效。方法将39例尺骨鹰嘴骨折病例分成两组,第一组（n=23）进行骨折手术复位尺骨近端解剖钢板并加压螺钉内固定治疗;第二组（n=16）进行骨折手术复位普通克氏针钢丝张力带内固定治疗。术后对两组的疗效及并发症进行观察。结果术后随访12-16个月,第一组未发现内固定断裂、疼痛等并发症,关节粘连率为4.34%,经过功能锻炼后关节功能恢复正常;第二组针尾触痛、浅表感染3例,关节粘连率为18.70%,1例出版克氏针松动及钢丝断裂。结论解剖钢板并加压螺钉组优于普通克氏针钢丝张力带组;解剖钢板并加压螺钉内固定牢靠,患者可早期进行功能锻炼。     

锁定加压钢板治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折27例疗效观察

目的:探讨锁定加压钢板治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效.方法:对2003年5月至2008年2月收治的52例移位严重的桡骨远端骨折患者采用锁定加压钢板27例,采用普通钢板交叉克氏针治疗25 例,术后采用改良腕关节功能Gartland和Werley评分统计表进行功能评分,比较2组疗效. 结果:普通钢板及交叉克氏针组有3例于术后1～2个月出现螺丝钉松动、滑脱;锁定加压钢板组无此情况出现.术后2～4个月2组均获骨性愈合.术后3、6、12个月采用改良腕关节功能Gartland和Werley评分统计表进行功能评分,锁定加压钢板组各时间点均优于普通钢板及交叉克氏针组,且总体评分2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:锁定加压钢板治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折,较普通钢板及交叉克氏针治疗有固定确切、功能锻炼早及并发症少的优点,是治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的理想选择.     

锁定加压钢板结合克氏针固定治疗尺桡骨远端粉碎骨折

目的:应用锁定加压钢板结合克氏针治疗尺桡骨远端粉碎骨折及疗效分析.方法:2007年6月～2010年2月应用锁定加压钢板结合克氏针固定治疗尺桡骨远端粉碎骨折11例.结果:经过平均6个月的随访,优7例,良3,差1例,优良率90.9%.结论:应用锁定加压钢板结合克氏针固定是治疗尺桡骨远端粉碎骨折有效方法,可获得满意疗效.     

重建钢板与克氏针内固定治疗锁骨骨折比较

目的比较重建钢板与克氏针两种内固定治疗锁骨骨折的临床疗效。方法对78例锁骨骨折分别采用重建钢板内固定（39例）及克氏针内固定（39例）进行疗效比较。结果术后随访6～24个月，平均18个月，重建钢板组骨折愈合时间3～5个月，平均3．5个月，并发症1例，优良率95．45％；克氏针组骨折愈合时间3～7个月，平均4个月，发生并发症8例，优良率70．4％。结论重建钢板在锁骨骨折内固定中的疗效优于克氏针内固定，具有固定坚强，并发症少，可早期进行肩关节功能锻炼，肩关节功能恢复好的优点。     

桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨桡骨远端粉碎性骨折手术治疗的方法及疗效.方法 利用锁定加压钢板、克氏针加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端骨折31例35侧,早期功能锻炼.结果 所有患者均得到随访,随访时间6-22个月,平均12.3个月.骨折愈合时间3.5-6个月.按照Dienst功能评估标准进行评定:优18侧,良14侧,可2侧,差1侧,优良率91.4%.伤口延迟愈合4例,术后正中神经压迫症状2侧.结论 桡骨远端粉碎性骨折应用锁定加压钢板、克氏针加外固定支架治疗,可早期进行功能锻炼,固定可靠,并发症少,能最大限度的进行解剖复位,恢复腕关节的功能.     

2 种手术方法治疗儿童盖氏骨折的对比研究

目的：对比钢板与克氏针内固定2种手术方法治疗保守治疗失败的儿童盖氏骨折的可行性。方法：本组51例分别采用切开复位钢板内固定及克氏针内固定2种方法治疗桡骨骨折,手法复位下尺桡关节解剖关系或尺骨远端骺骨折,根据其稳定性决定是否以克氏针经皮固定尺骨远端骨骺或下尺桡关节,并置屈肘位长臂石膏托外固定4～6周。结果：2组所有病例均获得随访,平均随访15.6个月。根据Berton评分标准,钢板组28例：优9例,良17例,可2例,差0例,优良率92.9%。克氏针组23例：优5例,良9例,可7例,差2例,优良率达60.9%。差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＝0.034）。结论：对比克氏针内固定治疗方法,桡骨骨折采用钢板内固定结合长臂石膏托外固定治疗保守治疗失败儿童盖氏骨折可以获得更佳的骨折稳定性及腕和前臂功能。     

锁定加压钢板与克氏针结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端复杂关节内骨折的解剖复位及关节功能恢复对比

目的探讨锁定加压钢板与克氏针结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端复杂关节内骨折的解剖复位及关节功能恢复的效果。方法将我院收治的40例桡骨远端复杂关节内骨折患者作为研究对象,比较采用锁定加压钢板治疗(对照组,20例)与应用克氏针结合外固定支架治疗(观察组,20例)在术后骨折愈合及腕关节评分方面的差异性。结果两组术后骨折愈合及并发症情况比较均无典型差异(P0.05);C1、C2两种类型桡骨远端复杂关节内骨折术后腕关节评分比较无显著差异(P0.05),但C3型骨折对比结果显示观察组明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论采用锁定加压钢板与克氏针结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端复杂关节内骨折均可取得较为满意的效果;而C3型骨折采用克氏针结合外固定支架治疗效果更佳,建议优先选用。     

交叉克氏针双张力带螺钉治疗肱骨髁间骨折

目的 评价交叉克氏针双张力带螺钉结合治疗肱骨髁问骨折疗效.方法 采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路,交叉克氏针双张力带螺钉结合治疗肱骨髁间骨折21例,并进行随访总结.结果 全部病例获得随访,随访时间6个月～4年.术后无感染病例,骨折愈合时间3～7个月,无骨折不愈合病例.1例术后一过性尺神经麻痹.3例出现轻微退针现象,按Aitken和Rorabeek标准评价结果 ,优7例,良10例、可3例、差1例,优良率80.9%.结论 采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路交叉克氏针双张力带螺钉结合治疗肱骨髁间骨折,具有显露良好、操作简单、固定牢靠等特点,通过早期功能锻炼,效果满意.     

尺骨鹰嘴截骨Y形钢板内固定治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折

目的 探讨采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨Y形钢板内固定治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的方法和疗效.方法 2000年9月～2005年1月,手术治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折18例.男11例,女7例;年龄22～65岁,平均38.5岁;左侧:10例,右侧8例.按照AO/ASIF分型:C1型7例,C2型5例,C3型6例.其中开放性骨折4例,Gusstilo Ⅰ度3例,Ⅱ度1例.合并尺神经损伤3例,合并尺桡骨中段骨折1例.伤后24小时内手术5例,1周内手术13例.手术方式:尺骨鹰嘴截骨、骨折复位、Y形钢板内固定.术后24～48小时行肘关节被动锻炼,1周后行肘关节主动功能锻炼.手术后3、6个月及1年复查X线片,了解骨折愈合情况.结果 18例患者均获得随访,随访时间1～3.5年,平均1年7个月.骨折全部愈合.肘关节功能按Cassebaum方法评定:优:9例,良:5例,可:4例.神经损伤全部恢复,1例尺桡骨中段骨折亦愈合.结论 采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路,Y形钢板内固定治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折,手术中显露充分,骨折达到解剖复位,固定牢靠,术后可以早期行功能锻炼,肘关节功能恢复满意.     

锁定加压钢板联合伊班膦酸钠治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效观察

目的探讨锁定加压钢板联合伊班膦酸钠治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法将98例移位严重的桡骨远端骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组49例采用锁定加压钢板结合伊班膦酸钠治疗;对照组49例采用普通钢板及交叉克氏针治疗。结果对照组有6例于术后1～2个月出现螺丝钉松动、滑脱,术后3～6个月获得骨性愈合;观察组术后2～4个月均获得骨性愈合,无螺丝钉松动。观察组优良率分别为75.51%、81.63%、97.96%高于对照组的30.61%、65.31%、67.35%（P〈0.05）。结论锁定加压钢板结合伊班膦酸钠治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折,较普通钢板及交叉克氏针治疗有固定确切、功能锻炼早及并发症少、骨折愈合时间短等优点,是治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的理想选择。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.