彩色多普勒超声在下肢深静脉血栓诊断中的价值

目的 了解下肢深静脉血栓患者在进行彩色多普勒超声诊断的临床价值。方法 以2016年8月~2017年5月收治的下肢深静脉血栓形成的45例患者为研究对象,分别采用静脉造影及彩色多普勒超声的方式对其进行检测以及分析对比。结果 参与本研究的45例患者,其彩色多普勒超声检测结果与静脉造影检测结果具有较高的一致性,彩色多普勒超声检测的准确率达到91.10%。结论 利用彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓患者进行诊断,具有操作便捷、安全性好、准确率高的特点,同时直观的图像显示有助于清晰展示静脉血管病变情况,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

彩色多普勒超声在腮腺肿块诊断中的应用

本文通过对27例腮腺肿块的彩色多普勒超声检查诊断,其中良性肿块20例,恶性肿瘤7例,均经手术和病理证实。结果显示,彩色多普勒超声可清晰显示腮腺肿块的形态、大小、结构,并能快速显示腮腺肿块的血流情况。由此可见,彩色多普勒超声对腮腺疾病的诊断具有安全、方便等优点,并能较准确地对腮腺肿块定位、定性,对腮腺肿块的诊断具有很好的价值。     

评估彩色多普勒超声在胎盘植入性诊断中的价值

目的：评估彩色多普勒超声在胎盘植入性诊断中的价值。方法选取于2013年03月~2014年03月在我院进行治疗的30例胎盘植入患者和30例健康的孕产妇进行彩色多普勒超声检查,将30例健康的孕产妇作为对照组,将30例胎盘植入患者作为研究组,超声观察主要包括胎盘位置检测、胎盘内部回声、胎盘后间隙、子宫肌层厚度检测等,临床观察对比两组患者的子宫壁肌层流血情况。结果本次试验的30例胎盘植入患者中,产前患者是20例,经过超声诊断患者是19例,其中2例患者经过检测标准确定以后,确定其属于非胎盘植入,出现误诊是2例,漏诊是2例。产后是10例,超声诊断是7例,1例患者经过检测标准确定以后确定其属于非胎盘植入,出现误诊是1例,漏诊是1例。因此超声诊断的准确率为70.00%(21/30)。结论彩色多普勒超声对于胎盘植入患者的临床效果非常好,能够明显地提高诊断检测的准确率,值得在临床上推广应用。     

彩色多普勒超声在卵巢肿瘤诊断中的应用探讨

目的：浅析在卵巢肿瘤临床诊断中彩色多普勒超声的临床应用价值。方法选取2011年8月~2014年8月于我院临床诊断为卵巢肿瘤的患者85例,所有患者均经外科手术和病理检查明确诊断,且其彩色多普勒超声检查资料保存完整。结果85例卵巢肿瘤患者中,彩色多普勒超声检查诊断总符合率为91.76%。卵巢良性肿瘤组患者RI、PI与恶性肿瘤组患者差异明显(<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论彩色多普勒超声检查在卵巢肿瘤临床诊断中具有重要的积极意义。     

心脏彩色多普勒超声检查在诊断高血压性心脏病中的应用价值

目的分析高血压性心脏病实施心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断的价值。方法选取65例高血压性心脏病患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行心电图诊断与心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断,对比其诊断准确率及应用价值。结果相比于心电图,心脏彩色多普勒超声的左房内径、左房/主动脉内径明显更高,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05),但两者在射血分数和E/A比值的差异并无统计学意义(P 0.05),心脏彩色多普勒超声对左房增大、左室肥厚、主动脉扩张、主动脉弹性减退检出率明显高于心电图,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05),但心电图对心肌缺血和心率、心律改变的检出率高于心脏彩超,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断高血压性心脏病,操作简单、无创无痛、检测速度快、可重复操作,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

超声检查对克罗恩病患者疾病活动度的评估价值

目的 探讨超声检测对克罗恩病内镜下疾病活动度的评估价值.方法 收集2009年3月至2011年3月在本院就诊或随访的克罗恩病患者62例,采用克罗恩病简单内镜下评分将疾病分为非活动性病变和活动性病变,然后分别通过普通超声检测病变肠壁厚度、彩色多普勒超声进行肠壁血流分级、对比增强超声定量获取肠壁感兴趣区(ROI)灰度值上升百分率.采用受试者工作特征曲线来评估上述3项指标对内镜下疾病活动度的评估价值.结果 内镜检查显示,62例克罗恩病患者中活动性病变44例,非活动性病变18例.活动性与非活动性克罗恩病患者超声检测显示肠壁厚度分别为(5.57± 1.73) mm和(4.38±2.16)mm,肠壁血流2～3级者分别有28例和3例,肠壁ROI灰度值上升百分率分别为(82±27)％和(40％±25)％,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).选择4.8 mm作为肠壁厚度的最佳截点,其评估内镜下克罗恩病活动度的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为86.4％、66.7％和80.6％.肠壁血流分级评估内镜下克罗恩病活动度的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为63.6％、83.3％和69.4％.选择55％作为肠壁ROI灰度值上升百分率的最佳截点,其评估内镜下克罗恩病活动度的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为93.2％、83.3％和90.3％.结论 相比普通超声和彩色多普勒超声,对比增强超声的定量检测能够有效地将肠镜下不同活动度的克罗恩病区别开来,可作为评估克罗恩病患者疾病活动度的理想方法.     

彩色多普勒超声在剖宫产子宫瘢痕部位妊娠诊断中的应用价值分析

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声在剖宫产子宫瘢痕部位妊娠诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2012年1月~2014年1月收治的30例剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕妊娠(CSP)患者的经腹部和经阴道检查的彩色多普勒超声图像特点。结果本组经腹部和经阴道超声联合检查仅1例患者漏诊,漏诊率为3.3%(1/30),诊断准确率为96.7%(29/30);根据患者超声声像图特点可分为胚囊型、不均质团块型和混合型,且包块内部以及周边血流丰富。结论彩色多普勒超声在CSP诊断中的具有较高的准确率,可较准确的给予定位和定性诊断,对指导治疗具有重要意义。     

彩色多普勒超声在下肢静脉血栓诊断中的价值

目的 探究二维及彩色多普勒超声检查对下肢静脉血栓的诊断价值.方法应用二维及彩色多普勒超声对30例下肢静脉血栓患者进行检查,观察血管内径、血栓范围、血栓回声特性及血流情况.结果 急性下肢静脉血栓形成后血管内径增宽,血栓表现为均质低回声或无回声,慢性血栓血管内径增宽或正常,血栓回声增高、不均匀.血栓部位管腔无血流表现或血流充盈缺损,并可继发深静脉瓣功能不全.结论 二维及彩色多普勒超声检查不仅可诊断下肢静脉血栓,同时可以动态观察其演变情况,是诊断下肢静脉血栓的首选手段.     

彩色多普勒超声在子宫颈癌诊断中的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对子宫颈癌的临床诊疗价值。方法回顾性分析60例宫颈癌的超声检查结果及血流动力学改变。结果早期宫颈癌超声多无阳性发现,随着癌肿的进展,宫颈癌的超声表现有：宫颈体积增大、回声不均匀,宫颈肿块、宫腔积液;宫体、阴道受侵,宫旁浸润,盆腔脏器侵犯,彩色多普勒血流显示宫颈癌病灶可见丰富血流信号。结论彩色多普勒超声诊断宫颈癌的主要价值是观察肿瘤的浸润和转移情况,协助临床分期。指导治疗和观察疗效。     

Crohn病1例

Ｃｒｏｈｎ病１例甘亚平胡虹李云患者，女性，２０岁。近几年来常觉下腹部隐痛不适，经常腹泻。近半年加重，且经常便秘。经Ｘ线钡餐检查，显示肠腔高度狭窄，肠管僵直。经常规检查，排除其他脏器病变，入院行剖腹探查术。术中见距回盲部３０ｃｍ处一段长约１．４ｍ的回肠...     

Interleukin 1 in Crohn''s disease.

A number of the activities currently ascribed to the mediator interleukin 1 (IL-1) are relevant to chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Using the mouse thymocyte stimulation assay, lymphocyte-activating factor (LAF) activity was measured in plasma samples and supernatants from cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 16 patients with Crohn's disease, six with ulcerative colitis, and 10 healthy subjects. Results were compared with disease activity, drug therapy, granulocyte count, and plasma levels of zinc and C-reactive protein (CRP). Very low levels of LAF were detected in a few plasma samples from each of the subject groups. Mononuclear cells from healthy subjects produced LAF only when cultured with lipopolysaccharide, but stimulated cells from patients produced greater amounts. Moreover, cells from six patients with Crohn's disease, not receiving steroids, produced LAF spontaneously. Crohn's disease patients also had low plasma zinc but elevated levels of CRP and granulocytes. This enhanced production of LAF in vitro may reflect a primary cellular defect in Crohn's disease, or a secondary consequence of monocyte activation.     

Detection and partial characterization of Crohn''s disease tissue specific proteins recognized by Crohn''s disease sera

To identify immunoreactive proteins in Crohn's disease (CD) tissue, we examined intestinal tissues from eight patients with CD, seven patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and four normal colon specimens from patients with colon carcinoma. Tissues were homogenized in 0.05 M Tris-buffered saline containing 2 mM phenyl-methyl-sulphonyl fluoride, and the cell free supernatants were incubated with sera from eight patients with CD, five with UC and five normal volunteers. Immune complexes formed in vitro were precipitated with pansorbin, washed with several detergents and analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. When CD tissue was immunoprecipitated with CD sera, three major proteins of 160,000, 120,000 and 110,000 daltons were detected. Partial enrichment of these proteins were achieved when immune complexes formed in vitro were precipitated with polyethylene glycol followed by protein A-Sepharose 4B chromatography. Affinity gel chromatography and autoradiographic studies with purified serum IgG from CD patients further confirmed the presence of these immunoreactive proteins in CD tissue extracts. When similarly examined, these proteins were absent from UC and control tissue extracts after incubation with CD, UC or control sera. These studies suggest that CD tissue contains several proteins which are specifically recognized by CD patients' sera. Characterization of these immunoreactive proteins may provide an important lead in understanding the pathogenesis of CD.     

Crohn''s disease of the gall bladder

A 64 year old man with known enteric Crohn's disease developed a granulomatous cholecystitis in which the histological features were identical to those seen in sites conventionally affected by this disease. Extraintestinal granulomatous lesions are rare in Crohn's disease and the present case is reported because of its apparent uniqueness.     

Reduced concentrations of selenium in mild Crohn''s disease.

The concentrations of selenium, zinc, and copper were determined in whole blood, plasma, and leucocytes in 20 patients with relatively mild Crohn's disease, nine of whom were being treated with steroids, and compared with those of a control group. There was a significant decrease in the concentration of selenium in the leucocytes as well as in whole blood and plasma in the patients. Steroids seemed to affect only the concentrations of zinc and copper in plasma. The concentrations of copper and zinc in whole blood, plasma, and leucocytes in patients not taking steroids were not significantly different from those of the control group. The observations suggest that those patients with an apparently satisfactory whole body concentration of copper and zinc may still be at risk of a decrease in the body content of selenium.     

Leucocyte migration inhibition with Kveim antigen in Crohn''s disease

Forty-seven per cent of patients with Crohn's disease showed migration inhibition of their leucocytes in the presence of Kveim antigen. The incidence of positive tests bore no relationship to the severity of the disease or to corticosteroid therapy. Similar tests were consistently negative in twenty-four patients with idiopathic proctocolitis. The significance and diagnostic implications of these findings are discussed.     

Vasculitis in ileocaecal tuberculosis: similarities to Crohn''s disease

Granulomatous vasculitis has recently been described in cases of Crohn's disease and a pathogenetic role for this lesion has been postulated. A case of ileocaecal tuberculosis with granulomatous vasculitis is presented. The presence of this feature in both diseases supports the possibility of a similar aetiology.     

Freeze-fracture analysis of epithelial cell lysosomal inclusions in Crohn''s disease

Ileal epithelial cells from patients with Crohn's disease contain many large electron-dense lysosomal granules. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy was uitlized to evaluate granule membrane ultrastructure and the interaction between granule contents and granule-limiting membranes. Large apical granules contained 0.1-0.6 Mm vesicular inclusions as well as whorl-like myelin figures. The P-fracture face contained discrete membrane specializations on the granule surface that were composed of circular arrays of intramembranous particles. Areas of membrane devoid of intramembranous particles were also seen. These circular arrays and particle-poor regions resemble previously documented areas of membrane fusion. These results are discussed and a number of possible interpretations for their significance in terms of the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease are presented.     

Antibody response to anaerobic coccoid rods in Crohn''s disease.

The IgG and IgM specific antibodies against a panel of 23 anaerobic gut bacteria were examined in Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and healthy controls. Four of the organisms, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Coprococcus comes (ME46), Coprococcus comes (Sp4), and Eubacterium limosum gave abnormal antibody titres in Crohn's disease compared with those of controls. In Crohn's disease specific IgG antibodies to three of the organisms were low and the IgM antibodies were higher than those of controls. IgM antibodies were also raised in ulcerative colitis. Antigenic cross reactivity could be shown between some of these organisms. The possible clinical importance of these abnormal antibody responses to specific organisms is unexplained.     

Antibodies to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis-specific protein antigens in Crohn''s disease.

The possible role of infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (MAP) for the etiopathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) has been a matter of long-term controversy. In addition to similarities with the pathology of ruminant paratuberculosis, DNA fingerprinting confirmed the organism isolated from gut tissue, but the specificity of the immune repertoire has not as yet been evaluated. We report here on a serological study of 29 patients with CD, 20 patients with ulcerative colitis and 18 healthy control subjects, using three antigens attributed with species-specificity and selective immunogenicity following MAP infection. Antibodies binding to the 38-kD band of MAP extract were demonstrable by the Western blot technique in 57% of CD patients. Antibody levels to the 24-kD (p24BCD) cathodic bands, determined by competition ELISA using a monospecific murine antiserum, and to the 18-kD protease-resistant purified bacterioferritin, detected by standard ELISA, were significantly elevated in 53% of CD patients. However, these three antibody specificities tested in individual CD patients did not show any correlation with each other. Thus, 18% of patients were positive for all three specificities, whilst 84% had antibodies to at least one of the specific antigens. Although the exact proportion of affected patients is yet to be defined, the serological results obtained support the view that MAP infection may play an etiological role in Crohn's disease.