颅内血肿CT容积测量与多田法测量的比较

目的 比较CT容积测量法与多田法测量颅内血肿出血量的准确性.资料与办法采用CT容积测量法和多田公式测量法分别对30例形态规则的颅内血肿和30例形态不规则的颅内血肿患者进行测量,并与手术结果比较.采用SPSS 11.5统计分析处理软件进行处理.结果 规则形血肿的测量均值,多田法为(32.67±6.13)ml,容积测量法为(32.95±6.02)ml,术中出血量值为(33.23±5.85)ml.三者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不规则形血肿,3种测量方法测出数据分别为(31.75±7.08)ml、(28.16±6.62)ml、(27.87±6.38)ml.多田法测量值与术中所测实际出血量比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而容积测量法的测量值接近术中测得的实际出血量(P>0.05).结论 CT容积测量法对颅内血肿出血量的评估较多田法更准确,可作为术前准确评估颅内血肿出血量的快捷、可靠、可行的方法.     

原发性肝癌肿块和肝脏螺旋CT三维体积测量的应用价值

目的　以水浸法为标准检验原发性肝癌肿块和肝脏螺旋CT(MSCT)三维、(3D)体积测量方法的精确性。方法　 (1)体外实验组选择新鲜完整不同大小猪肝 2 5只煮熟成形 ,以水浸法测量实际猪肝体积 ;然后参考Matsumoto等的模型制作法建立模型 ,CT扫描后采用三维表面阴影成像法(3D SSD)扫描整个猪肝 ,利用专门体积测量软件测量猪肝体积。对测量结果进行配对t检验。 (2 )选择 2 5例块状型肝癌病例 ,分别采用径线法及 3D体积测量法测量肿块体积 ,对其中 2例手术切除病例分别进行术前肿块体积 3D测量、径线测量和术后肿块水浸法测量。对测量结果进行配对t检验。结果　 (1)水浸法测量 2 5只猪肝实际肝体积范围 6 8 5 0～ 115 0 10ml,3D体积测量肝体积范围 6 9 78～10 6 9 97ml;统计学分析体外实验组二种测量方法均值差异无显著性意义 (t=1 4 2 7,P >0 0 5 )。 (2 )2 5例块状型肝癌患者术前CT径线法测量肿块体积范围 395 16～ 2 74 7 70ml,3D体积测量肿块体积范围 2 0 3 10～ 14 6 3 19ml,统计学分析二组数据均值差异有极显著性意义 (t=7 6 89,P <0 0 0 1)。 2例手术切除病例 ,1例术前肿块体积 3D测量为 (2 1 75± 0 6 0 )ml、径线法测量为 33 73ml,术后肿块水浸法测量为 2 1 5 0ml;另 1例术前肿块体积 3D测量为 (     

定量CT测量动物肝脏脂肪含量的实验研究

【摘要】目的：以Soxhlet化学萃取法的测量结果为参考标准,探讨定量CT（QCT）对离体动物肝脏标本脂肪含量测量的准确性。方法：选取5块猪肝、5块鹅肝和10块鸭肝,分别使用QCT和Soxhlet化学萃取法测量每个样本的脂肪含量。对QCT测得的肝脏脂肪含量（Fat%Q）和Soxhlet化学萃取法测得的肝脏脂肪含量（Fat%S）进行比较,并使用线性回归分析研究Fat%Q与Fat%S之间的关系。结果：Soxhlet化学萃取法测得的猪肝、鸭肝和鹅肝的脂肪含量分别为0.5%～2.3%、7.2%～21.0%和35.0%～52.6%,QCT测得的肝脏脂肪含量低于Soxhlet化学萃取法,但两种方法的测量结果差异无统计学意义(P=0.052)。两种方法的测量结果高度相关（r=0.962,P＜0.001）,Fat%S可以通过线性方程Fat%S=0.74,Fat%Q+7.272 (r2=0.965,P＜ 0.001)进行预测。结论：以化学Soxhlet萃取法作为验证参考标准,使用常规CT和QCT体模能够准确测量离体动物肝脏样本的脂肪含量。     

血管模型管径阈值调节测量与自动测量准确性的对比研究

目的: 用64层螺旋CT阈值调节测量和自动血管分析软件(AVA)分别测量血管模型管径,评价两种方法血管管径测量的准确性.材料和方法:建立9个密度递增的血管模型,置于9种不同密度的介质中;游标卡尺测量血管模型标准内径;CT扫描后图像行VR重组,根据血管模型内CT值调节VR图像显示阈值,进行阈值调节测量血管模型内径,后用自动血管分析软件测量,比较阈值调节测量和自动血管分析软件测量管径大小的差异.结果:阈值调节测量组血管模型内径为10.71±0.08 mm,与真实内径差异无统计学差异(P＞0.05),自动血管分析软件测量组血管模型内径为12.15±0.41 mm,与真实内径的差异有统计学差异(P<0.05);两种方法测量的血管模型内径间具有显著性差异(P<0.0001).结论:血管模型管径测量中,阈值调节测量法较自动血管分析软件测量更准确、更能反映真实内径大小.     

64层螺旋CT容积再现测量胸腔积液体积及与测量参数的相关性

目的探讨64层螺旋CT容积再现(VR)技术精确测量胸腔积液体积及胸腔积液各径线之间的相关性。资料与方法 64层螺旋CT检出胸腔积液26例,其中双侧胸腔积液6例,通过AW4.4工作站VR技术进行图像处理,并利用其自动容积测量工具测得胸腔积液体积(V),分析胸腔积液体积与胸腔积液最大左右径(l)、最大上下径(h)和最大前后径(d)之间的相关性。结果利用CTVR技术测得胸腔积液体积(V)为(543.66±643.81)cm3,V与d的直线回归方程:V=158.16×d-116.01(r=0.91,P<0.01)。结论利用64层螺旋CT容积再现技术测得胸腔积液体积与积液最大前后径存在明显直线相关,并可得到相应的直线回归方程。     

MRE肝脏动态硬度变化的离体模型建立

目的:利用离体猪肝,建立模拟肝脏动态硬度变化的模型,用于后续磁共振弹性成像(MRE)区分肝脏硬度动、静态组份的研究。方法:取出猪肝,分离门静脉主干,使用导管插入门静脉。通过输液管将导管与盐水袋连接。将输液架调节至不同高度(0cm,20cm,40cm,80cm,40cm,20cm,0cm)来模拟门静脉不同压力。进行MRE检查,检查完成后结扎第二肝门(肝静脉流出道),重复不同静水压下的离体肝脏MRE检查。结果:随着门静脉静水压的先升高,后下降(生理盐水袋的高度0cm,20cm,40cm,80cm,40cm,20cm,Ocm),离体猪肝模型MRE模量图测量肝脏的平均硬度也先升高,后下降。结论:本研究成功建立了模拟肝脏动态硬度变化的离体猪肝模型.     

兰州地区成人脾脏容积多层螺旋CT测量

目的:探讨正常成人脾脏容积多层螺旋CT测量的方法和正常值,并研究脾脏容积与脾脏各径线长度及肋单元的相关性。方法:应用多层螺旋CT自带的Volume软件对400例正常成人脾容积进行测量。结果:400例检查者脾容积的平均值为(173.94±52.17)cm3,200例男性脾容积平均值为(184.99±51.01)cm3,200例女性脾容积平均值为(162.90±51.08)cm3。脾容积与肋单元相关系数r=0.32,与上下径相关系数r=0.62,与前后径相关系数r=0.64,与脾厚径相关系数r=0.52,P0.01。结论:多层螺旋CT脾容积测量方法简便,结果较其他方法更为准确。脾脏上下径、前后径和脾厚径与脾容积相关性较大,两项以上超过正常上限,可做为判断脾脏增大的初步指标。     

应用实时三维超声心动图测量右室容积的实验研究

目的:利用实时三维超声心动图(RT 3DE)检测体外右室模型、离体猪右室的容积,并与实际容积及传统二维超声心动图(2DE)对照,探讨该技术的可行性与准确性。方法:使用RT 3DE系统采集10个不规则形状的橡胶水囊2、0例离体猪心脏右室“金字塔”型数据库,结合容积分析软件,采用三平面法勾画右室内膜面,计算右室容积;同时用二维超声的Simpson法测量右室容积;以注水法测量水囊及离体猪右室实际容量作为对照标准,分别将RT 3DE容积测量值、2DE测值与实际容积相比较。结果:在橡胶水囊容积测量中,RT 3DE测量的右室容积与实际值呈正相关(r=0.926),两者无显著性差异(P>0.05);2DE值与实际值呈正相关(r=0.682),两者有显著性差异(P<0.05)。离体猪右室组RT 3DE测量的右室容积与实际值呈正相关(r=0.858),与实际值无显著性差异(P>0.05);2DE右室值、右室流出道值及二者之和与实际值亦呈正相关(r=0.712,r=0.590,r=0.794),前两者与实际值有显著性差异(P<0.05),前两者之和与实际值无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:实时三维超声心动图能准确测量右室容积,为评价右室功能提供了新的有力的工具。     

定量CT计算机辅助诊断系统3D半自动测量法对骨质疏松症的诊断价值

目的 探讨计算机辅助诊断系统在诊断骨质疏松症中的应用价值。资料与方法 回顾性收集2020年9月—2021年2月于山西医科大学第二医院行腰椎正位双能X线吸收法(DXA)和全腰椎CT的207例患者的影像学资料，按年龄(50～59岁、60～69岁、70～80岁)分为3组。通过无体模定量CT的3D半自动测量法和2D自定义测量法分别对3组进行骨密度测量。比较3组间骨密度的差异，分析两种方法对各年龄组骨质疏松症的诊断效能差异，分析两种方法对各年龄组的骨密度测值与DXA测值的相关性。结果 50～59岁、60～69岁、70～80岁组使用3D半自动测量法[(150.29±24.23)mg/cm³、(113.63±14.64)mg/cm³、(108.18±37.19)mg/cm³]、2D自定义测量法[(121.32±21.83)mg/cm³、(102.50±11.41)mg/cm³、(92.41±17.37)mg/cm³]测得的骨密度比较，差异有统计学意义(F=136.84、...     

多层螺旋CT测量肝脏体积的准确性

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)手动法及半自动法测量肝脏体积的准确性,以便临床选取较好的方法.方法 对24例肝移植受体术前行MSCT多期扫描,用手动法及半自动法测量肝脏体积,与术后即刻水测法所得肝脏体积进行相关性分析、单因素方差分析及Bland-Altman检测,并分别记录2种方法测量肝脏体积所需时间.结果 手动法、半自动法检测结果和实际肝体积(ALV)分别为(1360±157)、(1345±152)和(1307±153)cm3,差异无统计学意义(F=0.032,P＞0.05).手动法和半自动法测量肝脏体积与ALV均有明显的相关性(r值分别为0.976和0.987,P值均＜0.05).半自动法测量肝体积平均时间为(9.2±1.8)min,较手动法的(23.2±5.8)min明显缩短.结论MSCT半自动法是测量肝脏体积较好的方法.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.