901例女性人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及基因型分布的调查

目的 探讨高低危型人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)在不同年龄段的感染情况,为防治宫颈癌、尖锐湿疣等HPV相关疾病提供理论依据.方法 收集有HPV感染临床检测指征(宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤变及宫颈癌)的女性标本901例,利用导流杂交基因芯片技术对阴道分泌物进行HPV分型检测.结果 901例标本HPV阳性率为41.73％,其中单纯高、低危型HPV和高低危型HPV混合感染率分别为60.90％ (229/376)、23.67％ (89/376)和15.43％(58/376);高危型HPV感染各个年龄段的感染率为26.39％～42.19％,低危型HPV感染各个年龄段的感染率为8.96％～39.19％,各型均呈现“U”型趋势.结论 各年龄段主要感染型别为HPV16.低年龄段以高低危型HPV混合感染为主,≥55岁以单纯高危型HPV感染为主,单纯高危型HPV感染率随年龄增长而上升.     

徐州地区女性宫颈感染人乳头瘤病毒基因亚型分析

目的：了解徐州地区不同年龄段女性生殖道人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染状况及其分布规律,为徐州地区HPV分子流行病学研究提供依据。方法：以2009年2月～2009年5月来我院就诊的1299例可疑患者为对象,采集其阴道宫颈分泌物标本。用凯普医用核酸分子杂交系统（简称H ybriMax）进行21种HPV（8304、6、11、16、18、31、33、35、39、42、43、45、44、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68）基因型的分型检测,分析常见感染亚型和分布规律。结果：HPV阳性总检出率为26.02%（338/1299）,高危型主要为HPV16,其余依次为HPV58、52、68、33、53、18感染。低危型主要为HPV11、6、8304感染;〈35岁、35～44岁、〉44岁各年龄组中HPV阳性率分别为26.92%、26.79%、22.27%;宫颈癌患者以HPV16感染为主。结论：HPV6、11、16、58、52、68、33是徐州地区HPV感染的主要型别;不同年龄段HPV阳性率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;对HPV阳性者进行定期跟踪是防治宫颈癌的重点。     

膜杂交技术检测HPV基因分型联合液基细胞学在宫颈癌筛查中的应用

目的采用膜杂交法对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）进行基因分型,液基细胞学检测细胞分级,用作宫颈癌筛查手段的临床价值和意义。方法采用膜杂交法检测23个HPV基因型别（低危型：HPV6、11、42、43、45和高危型：HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73、83、MM4）和液基细胞学（TCT）作为宫颈癌和癌前病变的筛查。结果781例临床样本中,HPV阳性360例;占46.02%,其中单一型HPV感染中,低危型占34%、高危型占60%、二型和二型以上混合感染占6%。TCT检查≥ASCUS 184例占27%。结论本地区宫颈疾患人群中,存在较高的HPV感染率;随着TCT级别的升高,HPV感染率、特别是高危型的感染率明显升高。HPV基因分型检测是有价值的辅助诊断技术,与细胞学联合,是最佳的宫颈癌筛查的方案。     

许昌地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染型别分布特征分析

目的了解许昌地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的分布情况及高危因素,确定该地区的优势型别。方法采用PCR加导流杂交技术对3100例已婚妇女宫颈脱落细胞进行21种HPV基因检测,分析HPV感染高危因素及宫颈病变中HPV亚型感染分布特点。结论在检测的3100例妇女中感染总阳性率为18.8%,HPV感染阳性率排在前5位的亚型从高到低依次为HPV16、HPV58、HPV52、HPV11、HPV6,最低为亚型HPV43,占0.1%。HPV感染的高峰年龄为31～40岁,各年龄段HPV感染检出率差异在统计学上有显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论许昌地区HPV亚型感染分布以HPV16、HPV58、HPV52型为主,且存在明显的地域差异,HPV感染高发于中青年妇女。     

新疆维吾尔族患者HPV感染型别临床分析

目的分析新疆维吾尔族妇女子宫颈HPV感染类型及其分布的规律。方法采用导流杂交基因分型技术对318名妇科维吾尔族就诊患者进行HPV基因分型检测。结果 HPV-DNA检测阳性者占21.70%（69/318）。低危型感染12例（20.69%）,以HPV 6和HPV 1l为主;高危型感染46例（79.31%）,以HPV 16、HPV58和HPV68感染为主。多重感染11例,感染率为3.46%。从年龄分布来看,≤25岁的患者占31.48%,HPV感染率最高,其次为50~55岁年龄段的患者占25.71%。结论 HPV分布存在地域和种族差异,加强对新疆各年龄人群,多种型别HPV的筛查,有助于预防宫颈癌的发生及了解HPV感染的转归,并为新疆地区宫颈癌干预提供理论基础。     

人乳头瘤病毒基因型检测及其人群分布特征

目的 探讨河源地区女性感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因型分布,为预防HPV感染及临床诊治提供实验依据.方法 采用导流杂交技术对6745例宫颈脱落细胞标本行人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）分型检测.结果 检出HPV感染1 701例,总阳性率为25.20％,其中单一感染1 265例（74.40％）,多重感染436例（25.63％）,又以二重感染和单独高危型复合感染较为多见.六重感染和九重感染仅见于≤24岁年龄组,50岁以上年龄组均未见五重以上感染.HPV总阳性率、高危型HPV阳性率和低危型HPV阳性率均呈现“U”型特异性分布.受检21种亚型均被检出,常见的3种高危型为HPV52（25.69％）、HPV16（17.34％）和HPV58（15.52％）,2种低危型为HPV81 （8.23％）和HPV6 （6.94％）.各年龄组中最高感染率型别也有所差异.结论 河源地区受检女性HPV的感染率较高（25.20％）,多重感染者占25.63％.HPV总阳性率、高危型HPV阳性率和低危型HPV阳性率的年龄分布存在双峰现象,出现在≥60岁和≤24岁年龄组.最常见亚型是HPV52,不同年龄组HPV感染亚型分布略有不同.     

妇科门诊患者HPV分型检测及结果分析

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）的感染在慢性宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CIN）及浸润性宫颈癌（ICC）中的表达,旨在提高宫颈上皮内瘤样病变及浸润性宫颈癌的诊断率。方法对就诊的有宫颈疾患的妇女794例,采用导流杂交HPV基因分型技术进行DNA检测。结果 HPV检测阳性113例,阳性率14.23%,其中单一型别HPV感染84例,占总数的74.33%,多型别感染的29例,占总数的25.67%,最常见的HPV基因型为52、16、58、18、53高危型感染率较低危型相比,上升趋势更为明显。结论在宫颈病变筛查中HPV检测可提高细胞学检测的有效性,是早期诊断CINⅢ及ICC的一个重要辅助方法。     

金华地区女性感染人乳头瘤病毒基因类型分析

目的：了解金华地区各年龄段与不同生殖道疾病女性感染人乳头瘤病毒（humanpa pilloma virus,HPV）基因类型分布状况,为金华地区HPV分子流行病学研究提供依据。方法：利用反向杂交技术分别对2006年1月～2007年12月来医院就诊的236例可疑患者进行23种HPV基因亚型检测,其中包括18种高危亚型（HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73、83、MM4）及5种低危亚型（HPV6、11、42、43、44）。结果：HPV阳性检出率为13.6%（32/236）,其中高、低危型检出率分别为13.1%（31/236）与3.4%（8/236）,高危型中主要为HPV16、18、58感染,低危型主要为HPV6、11感染。不同生殖道疾病[尖锐湿疣、宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）]与正常对照组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。（20～30）岁,（31～40）岁,（41～50）岁和〉50岁各年龄组中HPV阳性的比率为33.3%,38.5%,2.31%和5.1%。结论：HPV6、11、16、18、58是金华地区HPV感染的主要型别,（20～50）岁为感染的高峰人群,对HPV阳性者进行定期的跟踪,是防治尖锐湿疣与宫颈癌的重点。     

宫颈癌及其前期病变HPV感染与基因型分布

目的了解宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变CIN患者的HPV的感染和其基因分型及主要感染型别情况。方法应用型特异PCR检测宫颈癌及其前病变的患者的HPV感染及其主要基因分型情况的分析。结果在本研究宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变患者中,宫颈癌的HPV感染率为91．0％,CINⅠ／Ⅱ／Ⅲ的HPV感染率为73．3％,主要高危型HPV基因型别依次为HPV16、HPV18、HPV58、HPV33。结论在宫颈上皮内瘤变患者中感染主要高危型HPV基因型别依次为HPV16、HPV18、HPV58、HPV33、HPV16在宫颈癌和CIN中的构成比随着宫颈病变的增加而明显增加。     

不同年龄组宫颈病变21型别人乳头状瘤病毒DNA的观察分析

目的探讨不同年龄组不同类型宫颈病变中21型别HPV DNA的检测及意义。方法应用HybriM ax基因芯片导流杂交法检测71例宫颈病变中HPV DNA,年龄自20-64岁。宫颈病变分为鳞状上皮增生空变、尖锐湿疣、低级别C IN及高级别C IN。HPV DNA 21种型别被检测,其中高危15型,低危6型。结果71例宫颈病变中50例HPV DNA阳性（69%）;按年龄分类,HPV DNA检出的频次以20-25岁（81%）最高,31-40岁最低（56%）（P=0.286）。其中高危型及高低危混合型HPV感染62%,低危型感染7%。HPV感染率在鳞状上皮增生伴空泡变性中33%,尖锐湿疣92%,低级别C IN中89%,高级别C IN中100%（χ2=26.874,P=0.001）;其中高级别C IN中均为高危型HPV基因型阳性,阳性频次基因型依次为16、33、52、18;低度C IN病变HPV基因型依次为16、31、18、52、33、6、11等。单一型别感染率65%,多重型别感染率34%。结论HPV感染可发生于各年龄组,大多数HPV感染不引起宫颈病变,可自行清除。HPV感染与病变的类型明显相关,随着病变的加重,HPV阳性率增高,高危型HPV阳性率亦随之增高。宫颈高级别C IN HPV感染型别依次为16、33、52、18等;低级别依次为16、31、18、52等。     

Human papillomavirus infection: Is it associated with epithelial ovarian cancer?

PurposeHuman papillomavirus (HPV), the causative agent of cervical cancer, is associated with several other epithelial malignancies. Previous reports on HPV infection and its association with ovarian cancer are highly contradicting. Reports on HPV association with ovarian cancer in Indian women are also rare. Hence, the purpose of this study was to screen women with serous epithelial ovarian cancer for possible HPV infection.MethodsTumor samples, collected at the time of surgery from 88 women with serous epithelial ovarian cancer were screened using a specific and sensitive PCR. The PCR results were confirmed with Southern blotting using HPV genome-specific probes, both of high-risk HPV type 16 and 18 and low-risk HPV type 6 and 11. All the samples were again tested for another 14 high-risk HPV genotypes with a commercially available qRT-PCR.ResultsAll the samples screened and confirmed by various tests did not show presence of either low-risk or high-risk HPV DNA, indicating the absence of HPV infections in these ovarian cancer tissues.ConclusionsThe present study shows that HPV infection may not be associated with epithelial ovarian cancer. The result of the current investigation strongly supports the results of earlier research that, HPV is not associated with ovarian cancer.     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in women from three clinical settings

Prevalence of 27 human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes was assessed in 1,331 women in three clinical settings: Family planning clinic (low-risk HIV-, n = 202, 21.3% HPV+), colposcopy clinic (high-risk HIV-, n = 854, 34.3% HPV+), and HIV outpatient clinic (HIV+, n = 275, 48.7% HPV+). Compared to women from both family planning and colposcopy clinics, HIV+ women revealed significantly higher prevalence of infection with oncogenic, non-oncogenic, and multiple HPV types. HPV types 52 and 51 were most prevalent in the low-risk HIV- women, whereas in the high-risk HIV- women, HPV types 16, 52, 58, and 35 were most prevalent. Interestingly, in the HIV+ women, less characterized types 83, 53, and 54 were most prevalent. The distinct profiles of genotype prevalence persisted after stratification by Pap smear status. After adjustment for concurrent infections with other types, HPV type 51 in the low-risk HIV- women, and types 16, 35, 39, 45, 52, and 58 in the high-risk HIV- women were significantly associated with cytologic abnormalities (exact P < 0.05). In HIV+ women across CD4 cell count strata, HPV types 42, 16, and 82 revealed significant decreasing trends with increasing CD4 counts (exact P for trend < 0.05). These data suggest distinct genotypic prevalence profiles in women at diverse risk for cervical cancer. The association of several genotypes with cytologic abnormalities underscores the need for vaccines targeting a wide range of HPV types.     

太原地区404例女性HPV感染状况及基因分型统计分析

目的探讨太原地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况以及基因分型分布及特点。方法采用人乳头瘤病毒基因分型检测试剂盒(PCR技术及导流杂交技术)对太原地区404例女性进行21种HPV亚型分析。结果 404例检测者共检测到HPV阳性患者213例,阳性率为52.7%。21种HPV亚型(除HPV 42、43型外)均有检出,其中检出率较高的高危型有HPV 16(34.4%),HPV 58(13.4%),HPV 53(8.7%);检出率最高的低危型是HPV 6(2.2%)。阳性检出者中单一亚型感染占59.6%,多种亚型感染占40.4%;在多重感染中,伴随着合并感染的亚型数增加,比例逐渐下降。结论利用PCR技术和杂交技术检测女性HPV感染情况,对宫颈癌的早期诊断、预防及疗效观察具有重要的应用价值。     

妇女宫颈病变筛查分析

目的 研究HPV与宫颈癌及癌前病变的相关性,提供防治宫颈癌的思路。方法 以2012年1月~2017 年12月送检到浙江迪安诊断技术股份有限公司的433447例宫颈病变标本为研究对象,同时检测人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因分型和薄层液基细胞学（TCT）,并分析HPV基因亚型分布及年龄分布。结果 HPV阳性率为12.51%,其中单一高危HPV阳性率为9.28%,单一低危HPV阳性率为1.22%。HPV亚型阳性率最高的是16型2.09%、58型1.82%、52型1.61%。TCT 阳性检出率是5.69%,其中 ASC-US3.91%、LSIL1.21%、ASC-H0.32%、HSIL及以上0.23%、AGC 0.02%。HPV发病率最高的年龄段是41~50岁,阳性率为5.54%,与其它年龄段比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 HPV亚型中16、52及58感染率最高,同时具有明显年龄特征。HPV感染可引起一系列的宫颈病变,防治重点应针对高危HPV感染的人群。     

应用基因芯片诊断宫颈石蜡组织样本中人乳头状瘤病毒感染及其临床意义

目的探讨应用基因芯片检测宫颈石蜡组织标本中人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）感染的可能性及其临床意义。方法收集解放军总医院诊断为宫颈鳞状上皮病变的石蜡组织标本40例,其中宫颈浸润性鳞癌18例,宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）Ⅲ12例,CINⅠ4例,CINⅡ6例。从组织中提取DNA后采用基因芯片检测23种常见HPV基因亚型,即PCR扩增后产物在基因芯片上进行杂交。同时选用10例经基因芯片检测16型和18型基因阳性的宫颈鳞癌的石蜡组织切片做原位杂交。基因芯片检测结果与部分原位杂交结果进行比较并分析。结果基因芯片检测的18例宫颈鳞癌HPV高危亚型均为阳性（100％）,其中1例为混合阳性;12例CINⅢ中11例为高危亚型阳性（91．7％）,1例阴性;6例CINⅡ的宫颈病变中高危型5例阳性,低危型1例阳性;4例CINⅠ中有2例低危型阳性、2例阴性;宫颈鳞癌和CINⅢ组与CINⅠ和Ⅱ组比较,差异有统计学意义（U=80．0,P〈0．01）。10例宫颈鳞癌基因芯片HPV16型和18型阳性组织中,原位杂交同型探针6例检测显示阳性。结论HPV基因芯片技术可用于检测多种亚型,特异性强,敏感性高,对HPV感染亚型的鉴别及宫颈癌的预防和治疗具有重要意义。     

Correlation of manual screening and automated (AutoPap 300) analysis of conventional cervicovaginal smears with HPV typing using Digene HC II assay

Efforts to improve the accuracy and efficacy of diagnosis of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions have prompted the development of new technologies, including several automated screening systems and human papillomavirus (HPV) hybrid capture assay. In this study of 89 conventional cervicovaginal (Papanicolaou [Pap]) smears, diagnoses based on manual screening are correlated with analyses by the AutoPap 300 primary screening system and results of the Digene HPV hybrid capture II assay. We found that (1) the AutoPap system did not "miss" (place in the "no further review" category) any of the high-risk HPV DNA positive cases, (2) quintile assignments by the AutoPap system did not reliably predict the presence or absence of high-risk HPV DNA, (3) cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LGSIL) were associated with high-risk rather than low-risk HPV genotypes, (4) diagnoses of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and above were more frequent in smears from patients whose cervicovaginal specimens tested positive rather than negative for high-risk HPV DNA (37 of 45 vs 14 of 44) by the Digene HPV hybrid capture II assay, and (5) there was a high incidence of high-risk HPV DNA among women whose smears did not show cytomorphologic changes of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL). These findings emphasize that high-risk HPV DNA is an indication of risk for HGSIL, not the equivalent for it.     

嘉兴地区女性感染人乳头瘤病毒基因亚型分析

目的:了解嘉兴地区妇女宫颈感染人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)基因型的分布情况,为嘉兴地区HPV亚型流行病学研究提供依据。方法:取妇女宫颈的脱落细胞,利用导流杂交基因芯片技术,对标本进行HPV分型检测,包括13种高危型、5种低危型和3种中国人群常见亚型。结果:933例标本经HPV分型检测,筛查出398例阳性,感染率42.66%。其中高危型327例,感染率35.05%;低危型272例,感染率29.15%:中国人群常见亚型26例,感染率2.78%。结论:嘉兴地区HPV感染率较高,HPV6、11、16、58是嘉兴地区HPV感染的主要亚型。了解HPV亚型的分布特点对流行病学的调查,降低HPV相关肿瘤的发生和特异性疫苗的研制都有重要意义。     

Epidemiology of human papillomavirus genotypes in pregnant Japanese women

To investigate the pre-vaccination epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and genotypes in pregnant Japanese women, we performed Pap smear tests and HPV genotype testing in patients attending Nagasaki University Hospital and collaborating hospitals from August 2007 to July 2010. Serial uterine cervical specimens were obtained from 151 pregnant women. The HPV test was positive on the first visit in 54 women (35.8%; 54/151, average age 30). A total of 49 women (32.5%; 49/151) were infected by at least one high-risk HPV and 5 women were infected by only low-risk HPV. The three most prevalent high-risk HPV genotypes were HPV 52 (31.5%; 17/54), HPV 16 (29.6%; 16/51) and HPV 31 (13.0%; 7/51). The HPV infection pattern (negative, single infection and multiple infection) differed significantly according to the pregnancy trimester (χ(2)-test; P<0.01(Pearson)). Among HPV-infected pregnant Japanese women, HPV52 was the most common genotype. The second most common genotype was HPV16, and these two genotypes accounted for ～60% of HPV-positive pregnant women. Infection with multiple HPV genotypes was observed more frequently in the first trimester of pregnancy and the pattern of infection changed significantly depending on pregnancy stage.     

Human papillomavirus infection of the cervix uteri in women attending a Health Examination Center of the French social security

Since human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central causal factor in cervical cancer, understanding the epidemiology of this infection constitutes an important step towards development of strategies for prevention. Six hundred and fifty seven cervical samples were tested for HPV using PCR with consensus primers (MY09/MY11), by genotyping (restriction and sequencing analyses) and by cervical cytology, from women who attended a Health Examination Center of the French social security. Women with no cervical smear as well as women with cytological abnormalities within the last 3 years were recruited. HPV DNA was detected in 7.3% of the women (5.3% for high-risk, 2.4% for low-risk, and 0.5% for unknown risk types) including 6 (0.9%) mixed infections. Fifteen different genotypes were detected, of which genotypes 16 (22.2%), 58 (13.0%), 18 (11.1%), 30 (9.2%), and 33 (9.2%) were the most prevalent. In age group 17-25 years, we found the highest frequencies for both any (22.1%) and high-risk (14.7%) HPV, and prevalences gradually decreased with age. 5.2% of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 0.3% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 1.2% of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were found. The frequencies of high risk and all HPV types were significantly higher in squamous intraepithelial lesions than in those with normal and reactive/reparative changes (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of high-risk HPV in the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion group (28.6%) was significantly higher than in the normal and reactive/reparative changes groups (3.4%) (P < 0.0001). HPV detection was associated with younger age, single marital and non-pregnant status (P < 0.0001), premenopausal status (P = 0.0004), and contraception (P = 0.0008). Marital status (OR 4.5; 95% CI = 2.3-9.0) and tobacco consumption (OR 3.0; 95% CI = 1.6-5.7) were predictive independent factors of HPV infection. The French system of Health Examination Centers might be of interest for following women regularly, especially those with a low socioeconomic status.     

TCT技术与HPV分型技术在子宫颈病变筛查中的应用价值

为探讨液基薄层细胞检测法（TCT）与人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）分型检测在子宫颈病变筛查中的应用价值,对18534例妇科宫颈刷检标本进行TCT检测,其中257例标本采用导流杂交技术（FTH）检测HPV分型。结果表明,257例标本中,108例HPV病毒检测结果为阳性（阳性率42.1%）,包括93例高危亚型感染,15例低危亚型感染,20例感染两种以上HPV亚型,149例HPV为阴性（57.9%）。HPV是诱发女性宫颈癌及生殖器病变的主要病源。TCT检测技术联合HPV分型应用于宫颈癌早期防治以及确诊子宫颈病变具有着重要意义。