支气管哮喘病人白细胞流变特性的变化及其意义

目的 探讨白细胞流变性一支气管哮喘发病的关系。方法 检测了６８例支气管哮喘病人哮喘发作时和缓解后白细胞变形能力（ＬＤ）和白细胞粘附功能（ＬＡＦ）的变化，并与４２例健康人作比较。结果 支气管哮喘病人发作期白细胞滤过指数（ＬＦＩ）和白细胞粘附率（ＬＡＲ）均明显高于对照组和哮喘缓解期，差异均有极显著性。支气管哮喘病人发作期和缓解期ＬＦＩ与ＬＡＲ呈正相关。结论ＬＤ降低和ＬＡＦ增高可能参与了支气管哮喘的发病     

肺心病病人白细胞粘附功能与细胞粘附分子表达的变化

①目的探讨白细胞粘附功能（ＬＡＦ）和细胞粘附分子（ＣＡＭｓ）表达与肺心病的关系。②方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ），分别检测了６８例肺心病病人急性加重期和缓解期及４６例健康人外周血白细胞ＣＤ１８表达，血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）和白细胞粘附率（ＬＡＲ）的变化。③结果肺心病病人白细胞ＬＡＦ，ＣＤ１８表达及ｓＩＣＡＭ－１浓度明显增高，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝６．９０２，２１．４８２，３１．９２３，Ｐ均＜０．００１），且急性加重期较缓解期增高更明显（ｔ＝４．５７８，８．２６４，１７．８０６，Ｐ均＜０．００１）。肺心病病人白细胞ＬＡＦ与ＣＤ１８表达及ｓＩＣＡＭ－１浓度呈正相关（ｒ＝０．６７２，０．８０３，Ｐ均＜０．００１）。④结论ＬＡＦ增高和ＣＡＭｓ表达增加参与了肺心病的发生与发展，以及与病情严重程度均有密切关系。     

急性脑梗死病人白细胞流变特性及细胞黏附分子表达的变化及意义

①目的　探讨急性脑梗死（ＡＣＩ）病人白细胞流变特性及细胞黏附分子表达的变化及意义。②方法采用红细胞变形能力测定仪、体外血栓血小板黏附两用仪及酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）,检测了７２ 例ＡＣＩ病人、４２例脑出血病人及４８ 例健康人白细胞变形能力（ＬＤ）、白细胞黏附功能（ＬＡＦ）、白细胞ＣＤ１８ 表达及血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）和可溶性血管细胞间黏附分子（ｓＶＣＡＭ－１）浓度的变化。③结果　ＡＣＩ病人白细胞滤过指数（ＬＦＩ）、白细胞黏附率（ＬＡＲ）、白细胞ＣＤ１８表达及ｓＩＣＡＭ－１ 及ｓＶＣＡＭ－１ 浓度均明显升高,与脑出血病人及对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝ ７．６６３～１４．８７２,Ｐ＜ ０．００１）,且这些指标变化随着ＡＣＩ病变程度加重而明显。ＡＣＩ病人ＬＦＩ和ＬＡＲ与白细胞ＣＤ１８ 表达、ｓＩＣＡＭ－１ 和ｓＶＣＡＭ－１ 浓度呈正相关（ｒ＝ ０．６８０～０．７２４,Ｐ均＜ ０．００１）,ＬＦＩ与ＬＡＲ呈正相关（ｒ＝ ０．６８５,Ｐ＜ ０．００１）。④结论　白细胞流变特性和细胞黏附分子表达异常与ＡＣＩ发病和病变程度有密切关系     

缺血性脑血管病白细胞粘附功能和变形能力的变化

采用ＷＪＹ－Ⅲ型体外血栓血小板粘附两用仪和ＤＸＣ－３００型核孔膜红细胞变形能力测定仪，检测了８３例缺血性脑血管病（ＩＣＶＤ）病人白细胞粘附功能（ＬＡＦ）和白细胞变形能力（ＬＤ）的变化，以探讨其在ＩＣＶＤ发生和发展中的作用。结果显示，ＩＣＶＤ病人白细胞粘附率（ＬＡＲ）和白细胞滤过指数（Ｆ）均明显增高，与对照组相比，差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）。且随着病情加重、梗塞面积的扩大及预后不良，ＬＡＲ和ＩＦ的增高逐渐明显。提示ＬＡＦ增高和ＬＤ降低与ＩＣＶＤ发生有一定关系。     

支气管哮喘患者血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体的研究

应用酶标单克隆与多克隆双抗体夹心法测定１４例支气管哮喘发作期病人血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体水平，并同健康人、慢性支气管炎并发肺气肿病人和哮喘缓解期病人相比较；同时观察哮喘病人入院第四天ｓＩｌ－２Ｒ变化同ＦＥＶ１．０％变化的关系。结果表明，哮喘发作期ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ显著高于健康组（Ｐ＜０．０１）和哮喘缓解组及慢支肺气肿组（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ变化同ＦＥＶ１．０％变化有显著相关性（ｒ＝－０．７６６     

支气管哮喘患者血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体的研究

应用酶标单克隆与多克隆双抗体夹心法测定１４例支气管哮喘发作期病人血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ＳｏｌｕｂｌｅＩｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ２，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平，并同健康人、慢性支气管炎并发肺气肿病人和哮喘缓解期病人相比较；同时观察哮喘病人入院第四天ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ变化同ＦＥＶ１．０％变化的关系。结果表明，哮喘发作期ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ显著高于健康组（Ｐ＜０．０１）和哮喘缓解组及慢支肺气肿组（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ变化同ＦＥＶ１．０％变化有显著相关性（ｒ＝－０．７６６，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示活化的淋巴细胞同哮喘病发作密切相关。     

高血压病人红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜脂质成分和PAF－AH活性的关系

①目的探讨高血压（ＥＨ）病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）与红细胞膜脂质成分和血小板激活因子乙酰水解酶（ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ）的关系。②方法观察了６６例ＥＨ病人和３８例健康人红细胞滤过指数（ＩＦ）、红细胞膜胆固醇（Ｃｈ）、磷脂（ＰＬ）、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）及ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ的变化。③结果ＥＨ病人红细胞ＩＦ较对照组明显增高（ｔ＝４．７２６，Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＥＨ病人红细胞膜Ｃｈ，ＬＰＯ及Ｃｈ／ＰＬ明显增高，而ＰＬ和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ活性明显降低，与对照组比较差异均有极显著性（ｔ＝３．８８２～４．７１５，Ｐ＜０．００１）。这些指标变化随着ＥＨ病程进展而逐渐明显。ＥＨ病人红细胞ＩＦ与膜Ｃｈ，ＬＰＯ及Ｃｈ／ＰＬ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５３２，０．５３８，０．６５５，Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＰＬ和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５２７，－０．６０９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论ＥＨ病人ＥＤ降低与红细胞膜脂质异常和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ活性降低有密切关系。     

哮喘患者循环中性粒细胞释放氧自由基能力的初步研究

测定外源性哮喘、内源性哮喘及正常人循环中性粒细胞（ＰＭＮ）的化学发光（ｃｈｅｍｉｌｕｍｉｎｅｓｃｅｎｃｅ，ＣＬ）强度，结果表明：外源性哮喘ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ及内源性哮喘ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ均显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），内源性哮喘与外源性哮喘ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；哮喘发作期ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ明显高于缓解期（Ｐ＜０．０１），缓解期高于正常对照（Ｐ＜０．０５）。上述结果提示：循环ＰＭＮ释放氧自由基（ＯＦＲ）能力增强参与哮喘的发病，内源性哮喘和外源性哮喘循环ＰＭＮ释放ＯＦＲ能力无差异表明两者发病机制有共同之处。     

冠心病病人淋巴细胞CR1表达及血清sIL—2R水平的变化

目的探讨冠心病病人外周血淋巴细胞补体Ⅰ型受体（ＣＲ１）表达及血清可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）浓度的变化。②方法采用淋巴细胞花环试验和酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）,检测了７２例冠心病病人和６３例健康人淋巴细胞ＣＲ１花环率（Ｌ－ＣＲ１Ｒ）及血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度变化。③结果冠心病病人Ｌ－ＣＲ１Ｒ明显降低,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度明显增高,与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝６．４１４,７．８０６,Ｐ＜０．００１）。冠心病病人Ｌ－ＣＲ１Ｒ与ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．８１５,Ｐ＜０．００１）。不稳定心绞痛（ＵＡ）、急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）和陈旧性心肌梗死（ＯＭＩ）病人Ｌ－ＣＲ１Ｒ和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ比较,差异亦具有极显著性（Ｆ＝７．８６０,１１．５７９,ｑ＝６．６２７～１０．５５０,Ｐ＜０．００１）,且以ＡＭＩ病人的变化最明显。④结论外周血淋巴细胞ＣＲ１表达和血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度异常与冠心病病情变化有密切关系。     

不稳定型心绞痛病人红细胞变形能力变化与红细胞膜脂质成分的关系

①目的探讨不稳定型心绞痛（ＵＡ）病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）与红细胞膜脂质组成的关系。②方法采用ＤＸＣ－３００Ａ型红细胞变形能力测定仪，邻苯二甲醛－醋酸－硫酸法、ＴＢＡ比色法和化学定量法，分别检测了４７例ＵＡ病人和４０例健康人红细胞滤过指数（ＥＦＩ），红细胞膜胆固醇（ＣＨ），磷脂（ＰＬ）和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量的变化。③结果ＵＡ病人ＥＦＩ，ＣＨ，ＬＰＯ和ＣＨ／ＰＬ均明显增高，ＰＬ明显降低，与对照组比较差异均有极显著性（ｔ＝４．８２２～９．６５０，Ｐ均＜０．００１）。ＵＡ病人ＥＦＩ与ＣＨ，ＣＨ／ＰＬ，ＬＰＯ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．７６４～０．８８１，Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＰＬ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．６２７，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论ＵＡ病人ＥＤ降低与红细胞膜脂质成分异常有密切关系。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.