球囊辅助瘤颈重塑形栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的评价应用球囊辅助瘤颈重塑形栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的效果。方法 11例颅内宽颈动脉瘤(瘤颈≥4mm或瘤颈与瘤体比≥1/2)患者,采用球囊辅助瘤颈重塑形技术结合电解脱弹簧圈(GDC)进行栓塞治疗。术后随访0.5～1a。结果 11例宽颈动脉瘤均应用球囊辅助瘤颈重塑形技术或球囊保护对动脉瘤进行了成功栓塞。7例患者经临床随访行脑血管DSA或CTA复查,无动脉瘤复发。结论球囊辅助瘤颈重塑形栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤是一种安全、有效的方法。     

支架及球囊辅助治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的探讨支架和球囊辅助技术在颅内宽颈动脉瘤栓塞治疗的应用体会。方法采用支架和球囊辅助瘤颈成形术对87例患者92个颅内宽颈动脉瘤进行栓塞治疗。支架辅助技术为首先选择合适的Neuroform支架跨动脉瘤颈释放,长度超出瘤颈近、远端各5mm,微导管通过支架上的网孔进入动脉瘤,一期或分期完成电解可脱性弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞。球囊辅助技术采用双导管,微导管送入动脉瘤内后,不可脱球囊置于瘤颈,充盈以覆盖瘤颈,再行GDC填塞动脉瘤。结果支架辅助栓塞完全填塞的动脉瘤31个,次全填塞（〉90％）3个,大部填塞（70％～90％）1个,载瘤动脉均保持通畅,无死亡,轻度神经功能障碍3例;球囊辅助栓塞完全填塞50个,次全填塞4个,无死亡,轻度神经功能障碍1例;同时采用支架和球囊辅助栓塞完全填塞的动脉瘤2个,次全填塞1个,无死亡。平均随访5．8个月,其中支架辅助栓塞再通率16．7％,球囊辅助栓塞再通率12．5％。结论支架及球囊辅助技术是处理颅内宽颈动脉瘤安全、有效的方法。采用球囊保护栓塞技术较支架辅助技术具有更大的安全性。     

LEO支架结合微弹簧圈栓塞治疗宽颈动脉瘤2例报道

颅内宽颈动脉瘤一直是血管内治疗的难点问题，但随着Remodeling技术又称载瘤动脉球囊再塑型技术和各种支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术逐渐应用于临床，为颅内宽颌动脉瘤的治疗提供了一项较为理想的治疗方法。本文报道应用新型可伸缩的自膨式支架（LEO）辅助微弹簧圈栓塞治疗2例宽颈动脉瘤的初步体会并结合文献进行复习。     

LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗急性期颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤预后影响因素分析

目的 探讨LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗急性期颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤的疗效,分析预后影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2015年2月至2020年2月行LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的60例急性期颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤患者的临床资料,术后根据mRs评分评估预后,分析预后影响因素。结果 60例急性期颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤患者手术均获成功,支架手术成功率为100%;术中出现动脉瘤破裂1例(1.67%),载瘤动脉血栓形成3例(5%)。术后造影检查显示动脉瘤完全栓塞52例(86.67%),近全栓塞6例(10%),部分栓塞2例(3.33%),栓塞率为96.67%(58/60)。单因素分析显示,年龄、原发性高血压史、入院时Hunt-Hess分级以及动脉瘤分型可能是影响急性颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤预后的危险因素(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析显示入院时Hunt-Hess分级为Ⅲ～Ⅳ级是影响预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗急性期颅内破裂颈动脉瘤效果显著,安全性高;对于入院时Hunt-Hess分级为Ⅲ～Ⅳ级者应提高警惕,在病情允许下尽快实施手术治疗,以改善预后。     

支架或球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术对颈内动脉宽颈后交通动脉瘤的疗效

目的评估支架或球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术对颈内动脉宽颈后交通动脉瘤的治疗效果和安全性。方法回顾性分析接受支架或球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞的47例颈内动脉宽颈后交通动脉瘤患者,其中31例采用支架辅助治疗,16例采用球囊辅助治疗。治疗后随访6~36个月,分析患者的术后造影、并发症及临床情况。结果 47例中,采用支架或球囊两种辅助治疗方法相关并发症发生率分别为9.68%(3/31)和6.25%(1/16);手术后即刻造影显示完全栓塞率分别为58.06%(18/31)和68.75%(11/16)。31例支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞病例中随访造影18例,均无动脉瘤复发;16例球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞病例中随访造影10例,其中3例复发。结论支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术和球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术是颈内动脉宽颈后交通动脉瘤安全有效的治疗方法。支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术能够显著降低颈内动脉宽颈后交通动脉瘤的复发率,但有增加缺血事件的风险。球囊辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术的手术操作相关并发症低,术后完全栓塞率高,但复发率也相对较高。     

复发颅内动脉瘤的影响因素及治疗

目的探讨血管内介入栓塞治疗后颅内动脉瘤复发的可能原因及治疗。方法收集2007-01-2012-07间惠州市中心人民医院神经外科收治的159例罹患颅内动脉瘤且行血管内介入栓塞治疗的患者的临床资料,回顾性分析对复发颅内动脉瘤病例的分布特征并总结其治疗策略。结果 159例入选对象中,栓塞治疗后颅内动脉瘤复发病例7例(7/159,4.4%),复发病例中,年龄均60岁,均为宽颈动脉瘤者,其中后交通动脉瘤5例,前交通动脉瘤2例,所有复发动脉瘤病例均采用支架辅助动脉瘤栓塞治疗,经随访,无再次复发动脉瘤病例。结论血管内介入栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤具有一定的复发率,本组为4.4%。其复发因素可能与患者年龄、动脉瘤位置及动脉瘤形状相关。采用支架辅助技术可较好处理复发动脉瘤。     

支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞在急诊栓塞颅内宽颈微小动脉瘤破裂中的应用

目的探讨支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞在治疗急诊治疗颅内破裂宽颈微小动脉瘤(最大径≤3mm)中的操作技巧及临床疗效。方法回顾急诊支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的7例颅内破裂宽颈微小动脉瘤患者资料,分析治疗方法、疗效、并发症、预后及6~12个月随访结果,评价支架技术的安全性、有效性及操作技巧。结果术后即刻造影显示,完全栓塞5例,次全栓塞1例,单纯植入支架1例;未发生破裂出血及血栓栓塞事件。术后3个月改良式格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)结果显示,6例恢复正常,1例恢复良好。6~12个月随访未发现动脉瘤再破裂出血。结论支架辅助弹簧圈急诊栓塞治疗颅内破裂宽颈微小动脉瘤安全有效。     

Neuroform Atlas支架在颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤栓塞中的应用体会

目的 探讨Neuroform Atlas支架在颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤栓塞中的价值。方法 回顾性分析2021年1～9月16例采用Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤的临床和影像学资料。动脉瘤位于大脑中动脉分叉处8例，大脑前动脉分叉处4例，大脑前、中动脉分叉处2例，大脑前动脉A2远端分叉处1例，大脑后动脉P2分叉处1例。破裂动脉瘤10例(术前Hunt-Hess分级Ⅰ级6例，Ⅱ级2例，Ⅲ级2例),未破裂动脉瘤6例。结果 均在单一Neuroform Atlas支架辅助下完成栓塞，技术成功率100%。术后即刻造影显示动脉瘤完全闭塞13例，瘤颈残留2例，瘤体残留1例。术中及围手术期未观察到介入操作相关并发症。出院前改良Rankin量表(mRS)0～1分11例，2分3例，3分2例。16例随访时间3～14个月，(7.8±3.2)月。mRS评分0～1分14例，2分1例，3分1例。9例术后3～6个月行DSA,动脉瘤完全闭塞8例，瘤颈残留1例，9例均未见载瘤动脉狭窄或支架内闭塞。结论 Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤安全，...     

经皮血管内支架成形术在颅内血管疾病的初步应用

目的：探讨支架置入技术在治疗颅内血管疾病中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析了13例成功置入支架的手术经验,探讨颅内支架置入的适应证、技术可行性及并发症的预防。13例颅内血管病变包括有症状的颅内血管狭窄患者7例,其中大脑中动脉狭窄3例,颈内动脉床突上段狭窄1例,椎动脉颅内段狭窄3例;颅内宽颈动脉瘤5例,包括1例基底动脉起始段宽颈动脉瘤,2例海绵窦段巨大宽颈动脉瘤以及2例颈动脉-海绵窦瘘栓塞后海绵窦段宽颈假性动脉瘤;静脉窦狭窄1例。结果：7例有症状的颅骨血管狭窄患者在支架置入后狭窄血管明显扩张,从原来平均狭窄83％下降到5％,其中1例出现了与技术有关的并发症。5例宽颈动脉瘤患者（包括2例假性动脉瘤）通过支架辅助成功地达到了囊内栓塞。横窦狭窄患者在其一侧置入支架后,颅内压力明显下降,临床症状减轻,8个月后随访症状完全消失。结论：支架置入血管内成形技术,可以成功地应用于颅内血管疾病的治疗,但对于适应证的选择和长期的疗效有待于进一步的观察确定。     

双微导管技术在颅内动脉瘤栓塞中的应用研究

目的研究双微导管技术的可行性及临床疗效。方法10例颈／体比小于1／2的颅内动脉瘤病例，H—H分级3级以下7例，4级以上3例。采用双微导管技术行血管内栓塞治疗。结果10枚动脉瘤采用双微导管技术均获得成功，动脉瘤内微弹簧圈填塞率26％～42％，复查造影见动脉瘤完全闭塞6例，闭塞90％以上3例，1例见瘤颈有残留。双微导管技术具有操作简便、并发症少、手术适应证广的优势。结论双微导管技术可以成功地栓塞颈／体比小于1／2宽颈动脉瘤。     

Coil embolization with a hyperform occlusion balloon for an acutely ruptured wide-necked basilar tip aneurysm: case report

A 54-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of severe headache. CT scan demonstrated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and cerebral angiography revealed a wide-necked basilar tip aneurysm with a bleb and a small basilar artery-left superior cerebellar artery aneurysm. She was treated with coil embolization using a neck remodeling technique one day after SAH. Guiding catheters were introduced into the bilateral vertebral artery via the transfemoral route. A Hyperform occlusion balloon catheter was introduced into the left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) through the left vertebral artery, and was placed at the neck of the basilar tip aneurysm for neck remodeling. Then, the microcatheter for coil deployment was placed in the dome of the aneurysm through the right vertebral artery. The coil was deployed in the aneurysm while the balloon was inflated across the neck. The inflated Hyperform occlusion balloon was partially herniated into the dome of the aneurysm. The distal part of the balloon was positioned in the left PCA segment, and its proximal part was positioned in the basilar artery. The balloon conformed easily to the aneurysmal neck and its surrounding vessel structure. When the balloon was deflated, the coil did not protrude into the parent artery, and was stable in the aneurysm. Angiography immediately after the procedure showed complete occlusion of the aneurysm with patency of both PCAs. The Hyperform occlusion balloon is very compliant and supple, so it easily changes from its cylindrical shape when inflated to expand into the origin of the arterial branches emerging from the aneurysm neck. We think this balloon is a useful device for treating wide-necked aneurysms located at arterial bifurcation.     

Immediate and midterm follow-up results of using an electrodetachable, fully retrievable SOLO stent system in the endovascular coil occlusion of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms

OBJECT: Stent-assisted embolization is an alternative endovascular treatment method for wide-necked intracranial aneurysms. Currently available stents have the limitations of poor radial force, difficult delivery systems, and lack of full retrievability. The authors report on their preliminary experience with the use of a new, fully retrievable, self-expanding neurovascular stent, which has a high radial force and easy delivery system, combined with coil or Onyx embolization for the treatment of wide-necked aneurysms, including 6-month follow-up data. METHODS: Fifteen patients with 18 wide-necked intracranial aneurysms were treated using the SOLO stent system and detachable platinum coils. Aneurysms were located at the posterior communicating artery (seven lesions), midbasilar artery (one lesion), internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcation (one lesion), ICA-ophthalmic artery segment (eight lesions), and posterior cerebral artery (one lesion). Eleven aneurysms were small, six were large, and one was giant. Only one of these aneurysms was in the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage; balloon remodeling alone failed to keep the coils in the aneurysm sac. RESULTS: Only one stent required retrieving and repositioning after it had been fully deployed, and retrieval was easy and successful. No thromboembolic complication, dissection/rupture, or vasospasm occured during stent placement. Follow-up angiograms obtained at 6 months posttreatment in the 18 aneurysms demonstrated that all stents were patent with no evidence of intimal hyperplasia or stenosis. In all cases but one, 100% lesion occlusion was observed at the 6-month control angiography examination. Only one aneurysm had recanalized. CONCLUSIONS: The fully retrievable self-expandible SOLO stent is a feasible, secure, and effective system with a high radial force and ease of delivery in treating wide-necked intracranial aneurysms in combination with coil embolization.     

Detachable balloon embolization therapy of posterior circulation intracranial aneurysms

Treatment of complex and surgically difficult intracranial aneurysms of the posterior circulation is now being performed with intravascular detachable balloon embolization techniques. The procedure is carried out under local anesthesia from a transfemoral arterial approach, which allows continuous neurological monitoring. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the balloon is propelled by blood flow through the intracranial circulation and in most cases, can be guided directly into the aneurysm, thus preserving the parent vessel. If an aneurysm neck is not present, test occlusion of the parent vessel is performed and, if tolerated, the balloon is detached. Twenty-six aneurysms in 25 patients have been treated by this technique. The aneurysms have involved the distal vertebral artery (five cases), the mid-basilar artery (six cases), the basilar artery (11 cases), and the posterior cerebral artery (four cases). The aneurysms varied in size and included three small (less than 12 mm), 15 large (12 to 25 mm), and eight giant (greater than 25 mm). Fifteen patients (60%) presented with hemorrhage and 10 patients (40%) with mass effect. In 17 cases (65%) direct balloon embolization of the aneurysm was achieved with preservation of the parent artery. In nine cases (35%), because of aneurysm location and size, occlusion of the parent vessel was performed. Complications from therapy included three cases of transient cerebral ischemia which resolved, three cases of stroke, and five deaths due to immediate or delayed aneurysm rupture. The follow-up period has ranged from 2 months to 43 months (mean 22.5 months). In cases where posterior circulation aneurysms have been difficult to treat by conventional neurosurgical techniques, intravascular detachable balloon embolization may offer an alternative therapeutic option.     

前循环动脉瘤的介入治疗（附40例分析）

目的 探讨前循环动脉瘤介入栓塞的临床疗效及并发症的处理.方法 对40例前循环动脉瘤患者采用介入栓塞治疗（42枚）,其中颈内动脉动脉瘤2例（2枚）,大脑中动脉动脉瘤18例（20枚）,前交通动脉瘤15例（15枚）,大脑中-后交通动脉动脉瘤5例（5枚）.结果 介入栓塞动脉瘤40例（42个）,栓塞率达100％的36个,95％的5个,90％的1个.随访共37例,3例失访.所有患者均复查头颅CT,原则上要求均复查DSA,但5例因经济原因不愿意复查DSA.32例患者均于出院后6个月复查DSA,2例复发,其中1例弹簧圈向瘤内移位,瘤颈部位复发;复查头颅CTA的患者中1例为90％栓塞,6个月后出现瘤颈少许显影,2例患者均再次使用电解可脱式铂金螺旋圈后达100％栓塞.术后恢复良好.结论 采用电解可脱式铂金螺旋圈治疗前循环动脉瘤效果好、并发症少、恢复快,近期效果显著.     

WingSpan Stent System in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: clinical experience with midterm follow-up results

OBJECT: The WingSpan stent is a new self-expandable neurovascular stent designed for endovascular treatment of intracranial atheromatous lesions. The authors report their experience with the use of this stent for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with 40 wide-necked intracranial aneurysms were treated using the WingSpan stent. Twenty-two aneurysms (55%) were small and 18 (45%) were large or giant. In all but 4 aneurysms, embolization was completed by packing the aneurysm sac with platinum coils. In 4 dissecting aneurysms that were fusiform or too small and wide necked to be catheterized, the stent was used alone. In these cases, the stent bridged the aneurysm neck to allow for flow redirection and the potential stent-induced endothelization effect. RESULTS: Follow-up angiograms obtained in 3 of 4 aneurysms, treated with only stent placement, demonstrated aneurysmal thrombosis and parent artery remodeling in 2 patients and moderate decrease in size in 1. Follow-up angiography obtained at 6 months to 1 year in 31 aneurysms after stent-supported coil embolization demonstrated complete occlusion in 23 aneurysms (74.2%) with a progressive thrombosis rate of 66.7% (10 of 15 aneurysms), and a recanalization rate of 16.1%. CONCLUSIONS: In treating wide-necked intracranial aneurysms, the WingSpan Stent System is very flexible, secure, and effective. Its delivery system is very easy and exact in that it exerts higher outward radial force, thus providing an excellent conformability and a strong scaffold to hold the coils in place. It may offer an effective treatment when used alone in some fusiform or very wide-necked, small dissecting aneurysms in which other surgical or endovascular treatment strategies are not deemed feasible.     

颅内动脉瘤破裂出血后假性动脉瘤的血管内治疗时机与并发症防治

目的探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂出血后在其破口周围所形成的假性动脉瘤与真性动脉瘤（TAN-FAN）复合体的血管内栓塞时机及并发症防治方法。方法采用电解可脱性弹簧圈对58例TAN—FAN复合体进行血管内栓塞。结果58例TAN—FAN复合体中24例（41．4％）为出血后7天内进行栓塞，20例（34．5％）为出血后7天～2周内进行栓塞，14例（24．1％）为出血后2周～1个月内进行栓塞。58个动脉瘤均被成功栓塞，其中真性动脉瘤腔100％闭塞者46个，95％闭塞者9个，90％闭塞者3个；13例A型与31例B型假性动脉瘤腔均未行弹簧圈填塞，14例C型中11例仅用弹簧圈疏松填塞假性动脉瘤腔，另3例用3D-GDC仅栓塞真性动脉瘤腔部分。术中并发动脉瘤破裂1例；并发脑血管痉挛2例；并发脑梗死3例。1例复发者经二次补充GDC栓塞而治愈。其治疗结果根据Glasgow预后评分：Ⅰ级43例，Ⅱ级11例，Ⅲ级3例，全组死亡1例，死亡率1．7％。术后随访3～60个月均无再出血。结论对动脉瘤破裂后形成的TAN—FAN复合体应早期进行血管内栓塞；只有根据TAN—FAN复合体不同的类型采用不同的栓塞方法进行个体化治疗，并具有丰富的动脉瘤栓塞经验，才能最大限度的降低并发症。     

Balloon-assisted coil placement in wide-necked cerebral aneurysms: preliminary clinical experience

Endovascular treatment of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) has been limited due to coil protrusion into the artery. Seven patients with wide-necked cerebral aneurysms were treated with GDCs with temporary balloon inflation for mechanical protection during coil placement. Transarterial embolization of the aneurysm with GDCs had failed due to coil protrusion into the parent artery. The use of simultaneous temporary balloon protection achieved more dense intra-aneurysmal coil packing, especially in the neck, without compromising the parent artery.     

水解微弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤(附10例报告)

目的 探讨水解微弹簧圈（microplex coilsystem ＆ hydrocoil embolicsystem．MCS ＆ HES）栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效。方法 10例颅内动脉瘤患者，均在静脉全麻下股动脉穿刺行全脑血管造影，采用MCS＆HES水解微弹簧圈栓塞治疗。结果 8例患者动脉瘤完全栓塞，90％栓塞2例，其中1例结合Neuroform支架栓塞，1例予球囊辅助。随访1～16个月，部分栓塞的1例复发。结论 水解微弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤效果确切，手术安全，并发症少，复发率低。