Lateral-based Anterior Vaginal Wall Flap in the Treatment of Female Urethral Stricture: Efficacy and Safety

Background

Female urethral stricture is a rare condition. Different types of urethroplasty have been described. However, high quality studies are sparse. The most common technique used—the Blandy's technique—has resulted in our cases in a retrusive meatus and an inward urinary stream.

白膜加盖成形术治疗悬垂部尿道狭窄临床研究

目的：探讨白膜加盖成形术治疗悬垂部尿道狭窄的临床疗效。方法：采用尿道背侧切开阴茎海绵体白膜加盖成形方法治疗悬垂部尿道狭窄患者12例．术前最大尿流率（5．9±2．7）ml／s．术后随访分别行逆行尿道造影及尿流率检查．结果：12例术后随访平均24（3~38）个月。术后2年排尿通畅10例;再次狭窄2例,1例经尿道扩张后维持正常排尿。1例再次手术,总成功率为92％．结论：白膜加盖成形术是治疗悬垂部尿道狭窄的有效方法。     

尿道端端吻合术对外伤性尿道狭窄患者勃起功能影响的临床研究

目的：研究尿道端端吻合术对外伤性尿道狭窄患者勃起功能的影响。方法：对41例采用尿道端端吻合术治疗的骨盆骨折导致尿道损伤（PFUDD）相关尿道狭窄患者手术前后两个阶段进行血管活性药物注射后阴茎血流彩色多普勒超声波（PPuD）检查和国际勃起功能指数-5（IIEF-5）问卷调查,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果：所有41例患者手术前后的IIEF-5评分无显著差异,且勃起功能无明显变化者占大多数,约为56％。各年龄组、狭窄长度组及狭窄部位组患者手术前后的IIEF-5评分均无显著差异,但术后勃起功能提高组、不变组和降低组3组间的狭窄长度差异有统计学意义（2．16±1．49vs2．28±0．88vs3．50±1．53,P=0．0134）,且差异主要存在于降低组与提高组或不变组之间（P=0.0129,o．0165）。轻度及中低度ED组患者术后IIEF-5评分出现明显下降（13．86±1．88VS11．43±3．37,P=0．0202）,而中度及重度ED组患者则无明显变化。非血管性ED组患者手术前后的IIEF-5评分差异有统计学意义（14．88±1．81VS10．88±4．02,P=0．0103）,动脉性和静脉性ED组患者手术前后评分则无明显差别。结论：尿道端端吻合术对PFUDD等外伤相关尿道狭窄患者的勃起功能没有显著影响,患者术后勃起功能的变化情况与狭窄长度、术前性功能状态等有关,而与患者年龄、狭窄部位等没有明确的关系。     

自制导光尿道探子在治疗男性创伤性尿道狭窄或闭琐中的应用

目的：探讨自制导光尿道探子联合输尿管镜及电切镜在治疗男性创伤性尿道狭窄或闭锁中的作用和价值。方法：采用自制导光尿道探子及输尿管镜置入斑马导丝通过尿道狭窄或闭锁部位进入膀胱,再经斑马导丝引导筋膜扩张器扩裂尿道狭窄或闭锁部位,电切尿道瘢痕组织,留置F20硅胶尿管4周。采用此方法治疗创伤性尿道狭窄或闭琐患者27例。结果：21例尿道狭窄患者经输尿管镜置入斑马导丝成功,6例尿道闭锁患者通过自制导光尿道探子建立通道,由输尿管导管引导置入斑马导丝成功。扩裂及电切治疗27例手术均获得成功,恢复正常排尿,其中2例尿道再狭窄者行尿道扩张治愈。结论：自制导光尿道探子联合输尿管镜及电切镜治疗男性创伤性尿道狭窄或闭锁操作简单、安全、有效,损伤小,并发症少,住院时间短,是一种理想的术式。     

尿道狭窄的腔内治疗（附56例报告）

目的：探讨尿道狭窄的腔内治疗效果。方法：对56例男性尿道狭窄患者联合采用尿道内冷刀及电切镜等腔内技术行尿道内切开术;对并发BPH、输尿管结石或膀胱肿瘤患者一并以电切镜或输尿管镜进行前列腺电切、气压弹道碎石或膀胱肿瘤电切术治疗。结果：本组56例尿道狭窄患者手术均一次成功,拔管后均排尿通畅,仅1例术后因出血而再次住院治疗;无明显尿失禁、尿瘘等并发症。术后根据狭窄段长度定期行尿道扩张。结论：采用经尿道腔内切开术、瘢痕电切术治疗尿道狭窄具有创伤小、并发症少等优点,避免了开放手术痛苦。为降低狭窄复发率,彻底切除瘢痕是必要的;为弥补瘢痕切除不彻底,狭窄段较长患者术后定期行尿道扩张也是必需的。同时,对于尿道狭窄合并BPH、输尿管结石或膀胱肿瘤的患者,在尿道狭窄处理后也可一并处理。     

经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄十年回顾性研究

目的：评估各种尿道修复术式在不同程度后尿道狭窄中的运用及治疗效果。方法：从1997年1月～2006年12月共有296例外伤性骨盆骨折导致的后尿道狭窄患者接受后尿道端端吻合术,其中单纯端端吻合70例（Ⅰ组）;阴茎海绵体中隔切开结合端端吻合70例（Ⅱ组）;海绵体中隔＋耻骨下缘切除结合端端吻合154例（Ⅲ组）;耻骨下缘切除＋尿道从一侧阴茎海绵体旁绕结合端端吻合2例（Ⅳ组）。结果：296例后尿道端端吻合术中,254例成功,42例失败。Ⅰ组成功率78．6％,Ⅱ组成功率90．0％,Ⅲ组成功率88．3％,Ⅳ组成功率为0。结论：经会阴途径的不同辅助手术方法可有效地治疗后尿道狭窄。     

经尿道绿激光瘢痕汽化术治疗良性前列腺增生术后后尿道狭窄

目的研究采用绿激光在膀胱尿道软镜配合下治疗前列腺增生术后后尿道狭窄的临床疗效。方法使用绿激光对前列腺增生术后后尿道狭窄的患者18例进行经尿道绿激光瘢痕汽化术,所有患者术前经膀胱尿道软镜检查确诊。其中前列腺摘除术后10例,经尿道前列腺电切术后8例。术后留置尿管1周至1个月。结果 18例患者手术均一次性成功,手术时间25～90min,平均67min,随访2～8个月,15例患者术后即治愈,其余3例患者经多次定期尿道扩张后4～8个月内治愈,无尿失禁患者出现。结论绿激光治疗前列腺增生术后后尿道狭窄安全有效。     

The diagnosis and management of acquired urethral stricture disease

Urethral stricture disease is a commonly presenting problem to the urologist. Any condition that damages the urethral epithelium or underlying spongy tissue has the potential to cause a stricture. Patients with a urethral stricture can present either acutely or chronically with a range of urinary symptoms. An understanding of urethral stricture disease and a systematic approach to the history and investigations will enable clinicians to manage patients appropriately. This article aims to give an overview, appropriate for surgeons in their early years of training, on the aetiology, presentation and investigation of urethral stricture disease, as well as a basic understanding of the principles of management.     

The diagnosis and management of acquired urethral stricture disease

Urethral stricture disease is a commonly presenting problem to the urologist. Any condition that damages the urethral epithelium or underlying spongy tissue has the potential to cause a stricture. Patients with a urethral stricture can present either acutely or chronically with a range of urinary symptoms. An understanding of urethral stricture disease and a systematic approach to the history and investigations will enable clinicians to manage patients appropriately. This article aims to give an overview, appropriate for surgeons in there early years of training, on the aetiology, presentation and investigation of urethral stricture disease, as well as a basic understanding of the principles of management.     

带蒂包皮皮瓣联合睾丸鞘膜治疗长段前尿道狭窄1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨尿道狭窄的治疗方法。方法:对1例前尿道狭窄患者的治疗过程进行回顾,结合相关文献总结尿道狭窄的临床治疗。结果:本例患者术中经过顺利,术后恢复良好,未见尿瘘、尿道狭窄等常见并发症。结论:睾丸鞘膜作为尿道替代物临床可行,选择合适的尿道成形替代物是手术成功与否的关键。     

经尿道等离子电切镜治疗尿道狭窄

目的 总结提高经尿道等离子电切镜治疗瘢痕性尿道狭窄的手术成功率并预防狭窄再发的经验. 方法 回顾2008年3月～ 2011年6月应用等离子电切镜治疗尿道狭窄20例的临床资料. 结果 手术时间平均(33.3±10.8)min;平均出血量(11.9 ±4.9)ml;术中尿道均顺利通过26F电切镜;术后留置尿管1～2个月;拔管后定期尿道扩张.17例获3月～3年随访,5例再发狭窄,3例仍在扩张治疗中,9例排尿正常. 结论 尿道狭窄内镜手术要切除瘢痕,松解尿道达25 ～26F;术后留置尿管要与尿道正常内径相近,拔管时间根据狭窄长度决定;保留尿管期间注意膀胱过度活动症的防治.     

The diagnosis and management of acquired urethral stricture disease

Urethral stricture disease is a commonly presenting problem to the urologist. Any condition that damages the urethral epithelium or underlying spongy tissue has the potential to cause a stricture. Patients with a urethral stricture can present either acutely or chronically with a range of urinary symptoms. An understanding of urethral stricture disease and a systematic approach to the history and investigations will enable clinicians to manage patients appropriately. This article aims to give an overview, appropriate for surgeons in there early years of training, on the aetiology, presentation and investigation of urethral stricture disease, as well as a basic understanding of the principles of management.